Application uye thermite masanganiswa sezvamunoita

Aids nokuti kwesayenzi pezvakaitwa rokuvaka uye kazhinji dzinosanganisira kushandiswa makemikari. Izvi zvinosanganisira thermite nezvakavhenganiswa, uye vane muzvizhinji kuti Formulations. Somugumisiro kushandisa kwakadaro nziyo User anogamuchira kana ukawedzera chafariz Migumisiro (mu nomoto), kana kuti zvinoita detonation mashandiro (mu pyrotechnic incendiary hurongwa). Zvokubikisa thermite muvhenganiswa vainyanya rinomiririrwa zvinhu zvesimbi, asi pane dzimwe namakemikari zvinoriumba. Chaiyo Zvinoumba musanganiswa kunotemwa mamiriro mashandisiro uye mugumisiro kuwanikwa. Chero nzira, kugadzirwa mujuru anogadzirwa uye kwete mududziri musha.

Background uye sezvamunoita

Chemical mujuru tiri boka monopropellant akapfeka yunifomu kukura ane combustible zvinoriumba uye oxidant. The chaizvo nezvakavhenganiswa ichi chinoita kukwanisa rayo vesa kunyange pasina kuwana mhepo. Hunhu uye zvivako zviri thermite musanganiswa anobvumirwa akaiisa maererano Bickford fiyuzi uye upfu. Homogenous nziyo kunogona kugadzirwa nenzira gaseous chimiro. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, akakodzera mubatanidzwa negasi uye mhepo. Kwakadaro zvinhu zvinosanganisira yepamusoro zvinodiwa kuti oparesheni uye dzigadziridzwe, sezvo vane yakawanda mukana kuputika.

kunyoresa

Zvichienderana aida mugumisiro uye kushandiswa zvemupiro mujuru anogona kupa mabasa akadai chafariz zvazvinoita uye pyrotechnic kushanda. Pyrotechnic nziyo zvinogona kushandiswa sezvo chiedza nzira uye anogadzira zvinhu chiratidzo zvakachinjikwa. Asi chikuru mirayiridzo kushandiswa hunobatsira mujuru - iri Welding. The zvichiguma Migumisiro nokupisa yeimwe akasiyana simba uye mukurumari.

The uchishandisa nheyo thermite musanganiswa panguva paumbwe stitches unonyauka anoumba yenhengo simbi, uye chinopa yakasimba Anti-kungatikanganisa akakura. Asi zvinokosha kufunga kuti privarochnaya ezvinhu inodiwa chafariz nomoto pamusoro mapaipi, inopa kwete chete termosmes yemhangura asi Kukuru Mukutonga kwechiFascist chimiro pamwe kuvesa.

chinyakare sezvamunoita

Mune chaiwo kumiririrwa kwemakemikari juru - musanganiswa dzakarukwa zvakanaka yakakamurwa zvinhu simbi oxide uye aruminiyamu. Formulations akadaro vakawanda kudiwa muimba akavhiyiwa (yemanyorero Welding) uye indasitiri. Izvi imhaka yokuti activation musanganiswa kuburikidza kubatidza achiperekedzwa nefivha uye kushingaira kupisa kusunungurwa. Kunyange zvazvo dare thermite muvhenganiswa iri kupfuura soMunyengetero ferrumnaya, aruminiyamu basa rinokosha racho chiito. Zvikurukuru, aluminothermy muitiro anosarudza kuti kunyatsoshanda wanda nako nomoto zvinogoneka steelwork.

pyrotechnic sezvamunoita

Hwaro Formulations akadaro mafuta uye oxidant uyewo, asi mune zvimwe kunzwisisa chimiro. For zvinoriumba inoshandiswa zvinosanganisira potassium chlorate (unorema murwiyo), strontium carbonate (anenge kota) nesarufa colorant womoto. Oxidant basa anoita potassium chlorate, uye nesarufa anoita somunhu huni Kufananidzira. In nedanho combustion of pyrotechnic thermite musanganiswa uye kushingaira zvinowanisa kupisa, uye anowedzera tembiricha: utsi nziyo zvinopa mazana inegumi, uye chiedza kusvika 3000 ° C. Kazhinji, pyrotechnical muvhenganiswa inoshandiswa chafariz zvinokonzerwa, combustion yavo vachiri zvikuru achabatsirwa paumbwe murazvo.

mhangura masanganiswa

Mujuru, riri aripo murwiyo mhangura oxide, kazhinji zvinechinangwa kugadzirwa yokuzvigadzirisa kuvhiyiwa pamusoro nomoto kwakaita sesimbi mapaipi. High basa vakaumba majoini akaita zvakakodzera kuwedzera Vhoriyamu chafariz simba kusunungurwa. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, mhangura thermite muvhenganiswa unotora ferrosilicon pachinzvimbo ferromanganese, izvo haana kudaro mukuru Inzvimbo pfungwa. Mugore rapera chimiro murwiyo zvakadaro musanganiswa unotora:

• mhangura oxide - 70%;
• mhangura upfu - 12%;
• aruminiyamu - 10%;
• ferrosilicon (kana ferro) - 8%.

Kubatana uku zvinhu anovandudza uye rakavimbika chakanamwa nomoto basa nokuwedzera inzwi dzinounzwa kuna chafariz simba iri nedanho uchanyangadika.

thermite penzura

By tembiricha zvichiratidza crayon sezvamunoita anogona kudzokorora chimwe yokubika nezvakavhenganiswa, asi ayo chikuru chepfungwa ndiye cylindrical chimiro, sezvamakaropafadzwa zvinodiwa rinoshanda: tambo combustion uye zvinobata moto zvinoriumba. Iye akaisa muna Kukuru Mukutonga kwechiFascist chimiro, akagadzirwa nokupisa nemishonga graphite. Netambo inoguma akaratidza nenzira chaiyo buri pechifukidziro, unobatanidza chikamu thermite musanganiswa humburumbira uye kuvesa zvinoreva dziri machisi.

The combustion okumugamuchira zvinobata moto nomoto chaikosha chafariz activation chichaitika musanganiswa akamanikidzwa kupinda penzura. Saka termosmesi burnup achitungamirira yokuti nenharo simbi chubhu pamwe nokuzadza oplavitsya pamusoro nokuumba hwakasimba. Zvazvakanakira zvinosanganisira tembiricha kuzozvidzorerwa crayon mbiri pfungwa. Chekutanga, hapana chikonzero kugadzirira chinokosha chero rinoenderana. Chechipiri, achiumba musanganiswa pachayo iri rapera kukura kunopa kuderedza okuchengetera kwayo uye chokufambisa.

Juru nemaoko

pamba nokuti mukugadzira nyore thermite Formulations zvinoda zvinhu zviviri - simbi gang uye aruminiyamu simbi. Vanofanira kutora pyrophoric (mhute) chimiro - ari mamiriro ichi nefuma akafanana rakatsetseka. Zvichienderana kana, mune chii zvakafanana kuti vakagamuchira thermite nemaoko avo, uye nokugadzirira anokosha midziyo - midziyo yakagadzirwa aruminiyamu zvinogona kushandiswa mushure zvose kugadzirira kushandiswa kana simbi.

By uremu kukura zvinhu zviri sezvinotevera: 4 zvikamu aruminiyamu kuna 3rd pakafunuka zvikamu zviduku. The zvinoriumba yakasananiswa kwazvo. Next hakuzovi chakaipa nokuwedzera musanganiswa magnesium (umber permanganic acid), izvo achaita mashandiro anowedzera. Kunogona kuwedzera uwandu asingapfuuri 20% of zvachose kurema simbi yeimwe. Pfungwa yokuti zviri ipapo vakamutsa zvakare.

Sezvaunogona kuona, mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti sei kuti thermite, iri nyore. Asi zvinokosha kuti kupa uye nzira chikumbiro chacho. Kwokupedzisira sezvamunoita anogona kuiswa mumudziyo. Musanganiswa iri kwazvo varimo chiine ndiro nekuumbanidzwa uye chakaputirwa kuti asava unyoro. Shure kwaizvozvo zvinofanira kuitwa oblong gomba magnesium tepi iyo anopinda mugaba kuti masendimita mashomanana. Kuti Activate murwiyo rakakwana vesa tepi machisa.

Recipe akakanda juru

Ichi chimwe chezvinhu yakakunakira pakugadzirira nziyo. Inogona kugadzirwa uye kuumbwa kupinda chero mugaba. To musanganiswa kusiyana vakakanda anorondedzera shoma yavaive, asi pachinzvimbo kuti goho anoramba gang refu kukunda unyoro. Kandira thermite maoko avo chakagadzirwa zvinotevera zvinoriumba: simbi oxide (chikamu 3), gypsum (2 zvikamu), aruminiyamu upfu mune musanganiswa zvinonyadzisa nomucheka simbi. Zvese yakasananiswa, uye ipapo mvura iri awedzera kuti anzwirwe purasita. The zvichiguma gobvu kuumbwa, uye chimiro ichi zvakakosha kusiya nehafu yeawa. Musanganiswa yakazadzwa zvakare nemvura uye inochengeterwa kupwa kwevhiki. Kana kuti nguva inopfuura, kunyanya muzuva kamwe zvakare uchaomesa, uye ipapo vanochera gomba simba vebasa.