Modulus pamusoro elasticity nekongiri: chii chiri uye sei kurondedzera?

Saka vanhu vakawanda vanoda kuziva sei kukanganisa namaapuro simba siyana kongiri nezvainoita mutoro. Concrete muviri yakasimba ane katsika kudzivisa deformation kana chavakaona nechitarisiko masimba. Zviri kukwanisa kwakavharwa nenyama deformation (pfupi hunhu) zvinoratidza chesamende modulus kuti elasticity.

Kwakakura elasticity akafunga panguva dzakasiyana mharidzo nemiedzo kuti nemishonga nokunetseka kana compression. Zvisinei, ziva kuti kongiri chisingazivi ane chisimbiso, tensile kugadzikana. Inobva pakuongororwa vakaronga zvichiitika tisawirirane of vakashandisa mashoko kuedza. Visibility kunowedzera nokunzwisisa. Zvinokoshawo kuziva kutanga modulus kuti elasticity nekongiri uye uwandu deformation.

Under mutoro, deformation kuwedzera nokuti kuti kongiri ane pfuma akadai zvinokambaira. Chokutanga, pasi mumwe kumanikidzwa, pane chinoitika kwakavharwa nenyama deformation. Zviri kutanga umo muviri akaremara achishandisa mutoro rinodzokera yaro yepakutanga chimiro namarudzi kunyangarika. Zvadaro, kana zvimwe mutoro mumashoko kutanga kuitika, kusingarapiki (epurasitiki) deformation. Zvisinei, vagovane mapurasitiki uye kwakavharwa nenyama shanduko zvakaoma. Nokuti nguva imwe Kuchinja pezvakaita kunoenderana kumhanya mutoro kuwedzera. Nemhaka deformation ichi panguva mutoro kuwedzera inonzi kwakavharwa nenyama, uye zvakare kuwedzera deformities - epurasitiki. Zviri nokuda zvinokambaira nekongiri. Uyezve deformation rwatova kuparadzwa chinhu. modulus iyi elasticity nekongiri anowanzotanga anonziwo modulus kuti deformation. It Akatsunga kushandisa mitoo yakasiyana.

Modulus pamusoro elasticity nekongiri iri pakutsvaga kutanga zvakaoma chaizvo. Zvisinei, fungidzira kukosha kwayo zvinogona kuisa sananga. machati zhinji secant mutsetse kuti munyonga, kuratidza kuvimba ari kunetseka-kugozha kakawanda, kunyange nguva dzose, kuenderana kusvika tangent, chinokambaira kubudikidza mavambo.

Vashoma vakatendeka okuti chesamende modulus kuti elasticity kunowedzera maererano pamudzi simba rake. Zvisinei, ichi ichokwadi chete huru chikamu girafu (mupfungwa-kugozha) uye zvinoenderana zvakatipoteredza uye bvunzo ezvinhu. Somuenzaniso, Mhando zvinhu mvura-zvakazara pamusoro bvunzo kuva mukuru modulus kuti elasticity indekisi pane akaoma ivhu. Kunyange zvazvo simba ravo ehupfumi akafanana.

Musi modulus kuti elasticity zvazvinoita zvikuru unhu zvinonyadzisa uwandu hwezvinhu zvose zvabatanidzwa.. nedoro Izvi rectilinear. Sezvingatarisirwa, chirungamutauro pamusoro lightweight kongiri richava yakaderera pane rinorema ivhu. The elasticity kunowedzerawo pamwe nemakore zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, mashoko modulus kuti elasticity nekongiri B25, achava wakakwidzwa rimwe gore pane zvakanga Pakutanga, asi pashure pemakore 10 uchamera kunyange zvakawanda. Kuona parameters zviri elasticity pane chinokosha tafura, iyo inoratidza anofungidzirwa kutanga modulus mashoko nerimwe muchiso.