Coherent chinozunguzirwa

Takapoteredzwa vanovengwa zvatinosiita kukura; Tinoziva sei guru muviri wedu; tine chokwadi chokuti chimwe chairs rokunyaradza mumwe munhu chete. In mikrokvantovom nyika, nyika nemaziso zvinhu, zvose sokuti shoma prosaic: nechigaro, airarama mashoma bhiriyoni zana uye kutora kukura ane atomu anorasikirwa mitsetse yacho zvakajeka, uyewo chero maduku sezvo nyaya. Uye zvinhu zvose zvinogona kukodzera mune imwe nzvimbo, panguva imwe chete pasina kuvhiringidza mumwe. Sei? Munguva quantum nyika zvinhu - mafungu, izvo kupinda mumba mumwe, saka munhu anogona kuva nechigaro kugara pasi, uye shanu uye gumi maviri. mafungu yakadaro inonzi coherent mafungu.

Coherence zvinoreva ukama, kusachinja-chinja (cohaerens - tichisunga, wakakodzera). Coherent mafungu ukuwo, vane kakawanda, zvakafanana amplitude, zvakafanana danho musiyano. mutambo uyu yaiva monochromatic chinozunguzirwa, risingagumi mungava nguva kana muchadenga.

Kunzwa mafungu coherence pamusoro experimental zvinhu (zvinhu) harisi chete zvakakodzera kuderedza, asi inotonhorera chaizvo, kureva, understate kunyongana kwaiva kumaruwa inofamba pakati maatomu. Uye haisi pamusoro "kubvisa" uye pamusoro billionths ane dhigirii Kelvin. Wave ehupfumi zvakafanana cheya inofanira kuva kuonekwa panguva tembiricha kusimba yakaderera - 45 K.

An dzinonakidza chinoratidza mafungu - kukwanisa kuva coherent, kureva, kurongeka uye kwakarongeka netsika. Somuenzaniso, coherent mafungu nguva - music. Hongu, mimhanzi! Mumwe ruzha-inorira nziyo, nguva dzaro, kakawanda, kukwirira kwayo - the zvachose kuitira uye pakunyora tsamba. The kwakaderera coherence kunonzwisiswa nesu sezvo seari kundibata kumeso uye kurasikirwa coherence - sezvo ruzha. Kuti coherence chinosiyanisa mumhanzi kubva rambling uye dzimwe nguva kunetsa ruzha.

Uye vanovengwa quantum nyika coherence anopa itsva unhu saka zvinokosha kuti asike uye kubereka zvachose zvinhu zvitsva, dzimwe nguva tangochinja huripo ruzivo.

Kwete mukana 40% of Nobel mibayiro kare maviri emakore chokuita coherent mananara: maatomu inotonhora, mvura nehelium uye superconductors.

Nzira hwokubereka coherent nemafungu;

• kugamuchira turusi (nokupesana Audio chinozunguzirwa ichibva kwaibva kunyika maviri);
• Front kupesana.

Decimeter yemakomo millimeter remagetsi mafungu anoshandiswa kunyanya mashoko uye Electronics Engineers. Asi pamusoro okupedzisira 15-20 makore, avo kushandiswa kwakawedzera munyika isiri tsika nzvimbo, uye kunyanya biology uye mushonga. A mapfupi-wavelength nezvisungo kushandiswa kwokutanga, sezvo kuwanikwa kunobva coherent oscillations.

Makambonzwa muviri kurapa? Zvechokwadi - hungu. Izvi - nzvimbo yokutanga kushandisa coherent mafungu mushonga. Kudziya zvinyama akabvumira (uye ikozvino rinobvumira) kuti mhanyisa maitiro (zvose zvemakemikari uye nokukanganisika) pane akanga akatsunga nokuitika physiotherapy. Mafungu rinokwanisa kusvika zvakadzama kupinda muviri, zvakananga avo munyama umo tinotungamirirwa.

Uye sei chinokosha kuwanikidza hyperthermia! Kare sixties remakore rapfuura isu yakasimbiswa: coherent mafungu anogona kuparadza nyanyisa anomera.

No kushamiswa nhasi, uye Laser kuvhiyiwa, iyo inoshandisa zvose zvakafanana coherent mafungu, asi chete nenzira yakamanikana chaizvo matanda anokwanisa kuparadza zvose nyoro zvinyama uye mapfupa. Pane zvinoshanda lasers siyana pamwe frequencies siyana, zvichienderana hunhu kushanda uye munyama. Zvinenge "ropa" pakuvhiya, pashure idzo murwere anonaya nokukurumidza.

Analysis kuti hwava munzvimbo itsva kushanda namafungu coherence achibvumira kufunga kuti mushonga uye zvipenyu nokukurumidza kuchava kunzvimbo chikuru kushanda.