Chii mafuta rig? Jobs pamusoro rigs mafuta

Petroleum (Drilling) rig - zviri kuvakwa, izvo zviri chikamu boora dzemapurisa. Vari akakamurwa rechikepe uye neshongwe uye kushandiswa:

• S (igumburwe);
• rutsigiro (pahwaro chinogumbura netambo) pamusoro chibooreso tambo panguva kuchera;
• placement pamusoro Zvikwepa chibooreso zvikaramba kubva mumatsime;
• nzvimbo netambo maitiro;
• rikaisa ITA uye zwa zvigadziriswe platforms: vanoshanda, nechimbichimbi kubvisa uye ebetsero midziyo;
• pamusoro tikachirega urongwa.

Russian Oil rigs dzinovakwa zvikurukuru pamusoro Kaliningrad shipyard, Severodvinsk, Vyborg uye Astrakhan. rigs All - kunzwisisa yakatarwa, iyo yakagadzirirwa vanochera matsime chero panyika nomugungwa.

Yokutanga rigs mafuta Russia dzakavakwa munyika Kuban. Uye mumwe wavo akapa chitubu mafuta, achaita vaunze matani anopfuura 190 pazuva.

mhando Drilling

Drilling rakakamurwa mhando mbiri: chinjikira uye ari kuchera matsime. Horizontal Drilling - a trenchless kuturika kukurukurirana-vadzingirwa nzira pasi pasi uchishandisa chaiwo rigs. Drilling - muitiro kuti kupikidura ose makuru uye vashoma dhayamita. The pasi ari akashevedza kundobayiwa, uye pose - muromo.

The chibooreso tambo

The chibooreso tambo - unorema mafuta rig mamiriro. Mbiru ine:

• okumusoro Kelly dzesub;
• Kelly;
• chengetedzo vaitungamirira pombi dzesub;
• kiya coupling;
• Pin zvechizarira;
• the drill mutopota;
• tsika;
• Sub pakora;
• zvakananga pamusoro pakora;
• centralizer;
• Near Bit kuturika.

Roga, iro chibooreso tambo - regungano chaiye chibooreso nyere kuti kutura kupinda tsime. Sepombi kurehwa kuti zvokudya zviri hydraulic uye zvokuimba simba zvakananga ikakuruma kuvaka pamusoro payo zvakafanira mutoro uye kushandisa zvakanaka trajectory.

Shanda chibooreso rigs

Oil rig anoita zvinotevera mabasa:

• transmits kutenderera pakati rotor uye zvishoma;
• anogamuchira reactive torque pachiso injini;
• munorwira Flushing mumiririri kuti chiso;
• zvinounza simba (hydraulic) injini uye boora ikakuruma;
• It runonditsikirira Judhasi mumatombo achishandisa nerukudzo;
• Rinotibatsira yokutsiva injini uye ikakuruma kuburikidza kutakura navo chiso;
• Kunoitawo chaiwo uye nechimbichimbi basa chaizvo zvakanaka.

Work mafuta rig

Oil rig rakagadzirirwa achideredza uye kumutsa chibooreso tambo kupinda wellbore. Kana shongwe iyi kunoita kuti tirambe uremu. Sezvo vazhinji rutsigiro zvinhu multi-tani, anokosha midziyo inoshandiswa kuderedza mutoro. midziyo A vachisimudza - mumwe chikuru zvinoriumba chero rig.

Kunewo mafuta Derrick uye vanoverengeka dzimwe mabasa: nzvimbo iri chibooreso tambo anofambira gadziriro, chibooreso nyere nezvimwewo. Kana neshongwe ndiko kuri ngozi - zviri zvachose kana kukwana kuparadzwa. Kazhinji, chikonzero chikuru chiri kushaya kutarisira chivako panguva oparesheni.

Vachikwira nokudzika chibooreso tambo kakawanda. akavhiyiwa aya zvakaoma, hurongwa, uye inowirirana. The mutoro pamusoro winch - cyclical. Kana paine kuwedzera, ipapo zvepabonde simba achiuya kubva muinjini kusvika winch, anoburukira - nekusiyana. Kuti maximize simba rakashandiswa, shandisa multi-nokukurumidza modes. Panguva Drilling uye mushure makenduru vanomutswa kunoparirwa 1st nokukurumidza.

Varieties rigs

Oil rigs akakamurwa rakasiyana-siyana urefu, mamiriro uye kukwanisa. Kunze shongwe rechikepe mhando, kushandiswa uye shongwe achida pasi. amusimudze pahwaro reshongwe riri vakatasva vasati vaungana. Mushure kwakakwana kugadzwa zviri namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara.

Derrick zvakagadzirwa

Kana kugadzwa mafuta rig kuvaka anogara kuitwa naye Derrick zvakagadzirwa, yakadai se:

• yokuderedza;
• kupomba raakateura;
• kugamuchira zambuko (vachida kana chinjikira);
• rora yokuzvinatsa hurongwa;
• dzokuchengetera kuti hombe zvinhu uye mishonga;
• rutsigiro hurongwa apo kuchera (transformer nzvimbo, etc ...);
• mhuri zvinhu (kandini, dormitories, etc ...);
• Kuenda maitiro;
• winch;
• maturusi nokuti unscrewing uye screwing Bt.

Offshore rigs mafuta

Kubva chibooreso rig, riri panyika, gungwa inozivikanwa nokuvapo mvura pakati rig uye wellhead. Pane nzira dzakawanda drilling mumvura munzvimbo:

• kubva wakaiswa pemvura platforms;
• mumwe giravhiti pemvura platforms;
• mumwe jackup drilling rigs;
• mumwe Semi-submersible kuchera rigs;
• pamwe chibooreso nezvikepe.

Oil rig mugungwa - ndiko papuratifomu, mujinga iyo kunogara pasi, uye iye hunopfuura gungwa. Pashure kuguma anoita kuchikuva anoramba panzvimbo. Naizvozvo, aigovera mubato papuratifomu, izvo oga tsime remvura uye rinobatanidza muromo kuchikuva nzvimbo. SMEs vakatasva wellhead.

Kuti sorwonzi kuchikuva kutsime, kushandisa tugboats mashanu, nokupiwa chikamu uye ebetsero nemidziyo (rutsigiro, nematarakita anofamba uye zvakafanana. D.). Marine kuchikuva rinokweva - pakadarowo yakaitwa hwendarira uye kongiri. Oil rig pasi kuvakwa pakadzika bays uye norudo runopiwa zvandinenge pfungwa. Mwari akaronga kuti kuchera uye kuchengetera uye kugadzirwa mafuta pamberi anotumwa. It ane yakawanda uremu, saka mamwe mano kuiita panzvimbo isina kuzvireva.

Jack-up rig ane buoyancy zvakanaka. Akatasva pasi achibatsirwa vachisimudza midziyo dzisingambosvikiki kumusoro remafungu. Pashure kuvhara mashandiro kushandisa casings uye liquidation mabhiriji.

Semi-submersible rig unotora akashongedzera platforms uye pontoons chokuita mbiru. Pontoons akazara mvura uye anyatsofukidzwa pachikuva achida kudzika.

Self-Kusimudzira zviumbu vane buoyancy akanaka uye casing guru, iro anonyaradza vachikweva pakarepo midziyo yakaiswa pamusoro pavo. The yakatarwa inotaurwawo chichiburutswa kwavo pasi uye vanonyudzwa muvhu.

How kuita mafuta rig, uye kubva pazviri chinoitwa?

Drilling rigs zviri wakaitwa Profile harikunguruswi kana chiutsi Tubing. Kuita navo mamita 28 kureba uye anosimudza vanokwanisa - matani 75. Varefu shongwe ndiwo zvikuru yokuita, nekuti pamukwidza uye dzinza chinogona kuitwa kwete chete chete, asi marudzi uye kuti yekudyidzana ukurumidze basa.

Kure pakati rezasi shongwe makumbo uye yokumusoro chikamu chinoita anenge 8 mamita. Kana tsime rakadzika, uye izvozvo zvinoda danda rechikepe. Shongwe uye masts vari akatasva nechimwe hwakasimba iyo kunodiwa kuti zvakare kuwedzera achishandisa hwendarira netambo, wakaiswa kuti zvimiso.

Crown Zvidhinha pamusoro peshongwe, unova rokufambira Hurongwa nechiredzo itakurwe. Jobs pamusoro rigs mafuta kunosanganisira kugadzwa masitepisi, izvo akatasva kune vashandi. Ivo zvakagadzirwa nesimbi kana huni.