Cardiac tsandanyama - anatomical uye vasiri zvinhu

The pomwoyo inopa zvinokosha mashandiro anoita munyama zvose, masero uye nhengo dzomuviri. Transport kuti zvinhu mumuviri rinoitwa kuburikidza kugara ropa kutenderera; Inopawo uye kuramba homeostasis.

The nemamiriro pomwoyo

Moyo chinomiririrwa sezvikamu zviviri - rworuboshwe kurudyi, mumwe nomumwe chine atria uye ventricles. Kuruboshwe hafu mwoyo pumps ari arterial ropa, uye kodzero - venous. Naizvozvo, mwoyo tsandanyama ose rworuboshwe hafu mukobvu kupfuura kurudyi. Tsandanyama of atria uye ventricles dzakaparadzaniswa fibrous nemhete vane atrioventricular mavharuvhu: maviri shangu (kuruboshwe hafu mwoyo) uye tricuspid (kurudyi hafu mwoyo). mavharuvhu izvi panguva cardiac marwadzo kudzivisa kudzoka ropa iri atria. Panguva napanobudiwa napo yeropa uye pulmonary tsinga vanoiswa fortnightly mavharuvhu, izvo zvinodzivisa kudzoka ropa kusvikira ventricles panguva diastole nhamba mwoyo.

Cardiac tsandanyama ndezvaiye striated tsandanyama tishu. Naizvozvo, tsandanyama ichi ane chete ehupfumi souya skeletal tsandanyama. Muscle faibha chinosanganisira myofibrillar uye sarcoplasmic sarcolemma.

Nemhaka mwoyo kununura ropa kuburikidza nhumbi ropa. The mutinhimira marwadzo tsandanyama ari atria uye ventricles (systole) alternates pamwe kuzvivaraidza wayo (diastole). Sequential Kuchinja systole uye diastole pamusoro kutenderera mwoyo. The pomwoyo kunobata rhythmically, kuti yakabva hurongwa, kuitisa kugadzikana munyika dzakasiyana-siyana mwoyo

The vasiri ehupfumi pamusoro pomwoyo

The excitability of myocardium - kukwanisa rayo sei magetsi, zvemaziso, chafariz uye makemikari kuitika. The excitation uye marwadzo mwoyo tsandanyama kunoitika apo vakurukurirane zvasvika chikumbaridzo simba. Kuderera kutsamwa pachikumbaridzo havasi runziro uye regai kuchinja suprathreshold simba myocardial marwadzo.

Excitation of tsandanyama rinenge mwoyo pamwe chitarisiko nezvezvakaitwa zvaigona. Wakafupisa uye miforo panguva rokumuka kwemwoyo deceleration.

Excited pomwoyo muchidimbu anorasikirwa kukwanisa kwayo kuita mamwe kuitika kana nomunhu achibva kunobva automaticity. Uku kunonzi refractory non-kukakavara. mikana yakawanda yokukurudzira Strong kuti kuita pamusoro tsandanyama mune nekarunyararo refractoriness kuti inoshamisa marwadzo mwoyo - vanonzi rokusamhanyira anorova.

Myocardial ane Mumagazini tichienzanisa skeletal tsandanyama tishu. The excitation uye marwadzo ari cardiac tsandanyama kwenguva yakareba kupfuura skeletal. In cardiac tsandanyama Kurovedza pezvakaitwa akavamba resynthesis mupfumi yeimwe. Panguva diastole, pane zvaitika zvakachinja yacho Kamudzira zvinogona mumasero dzakawanda dzakasiyana-siyana nzvimbo. Nokudaro mufaro anoparadzira tsandanyama ari atria uye zvasvika atrioventricular raiva pedyo nebundu, riri kunzi musimboti automaticity II kurongeka. Kana kubvisa sinoatrial raiva pedyo nebundu (ligated, kutonhora, chepfu), shure kwechinguva ventricles vanotanga kubata zvikuru isingawanzowanikwi mutinhimira pasi pokudzora nomunhu yomuka ari atrioventricular raiva pedyo nebundu.

Conduction kuti excitation munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzisakarurama mwoyo. Tinofanira kutaura kuti mhuka kwoushamwari-ropa rechiJudha chairo mwero excitation ose atrial tsandanyama fibers anenge 1.0 m / S; munhu conductive ventricular gadziriro 4.2 m / S; ari ventricular myocardium kusvika 0,9 m / s.

A maitiro chepfungwa excitation kwomwoyo tsandanyama ndechokuti kuita zvinogona kukonzerwa mune chimwe chikamu tsandanyama rinenge vakapararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo.