Arabic sezviverengo. Origin, ukoshi

sezviverengo Arabic - iri kwemasvomhu zviratidzo gumi iyo anonyora chero nhamba. Vanotarisira sezvinotevera: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. idzi nhamba akazviratidza Europe iri X-XIII emakore. Nhasi, nyika dzakawanda kushandisa sezviverengo Arabic kunyora nhamba vakashandisa ari grade nhamba hurongwa. Mabviro Arabic sezviverengo achiri usingazivi kuti vamwe. Mamwe masayendisiti anodavira kuti sezviverengo Arabic vakauya kwatiri achibva kuIndia muna V remakore BC, asi vakava kwakakurumbira ngaavongwe yakakurumbira nyanzvi Arab al-Khwarizmi, iyo nevakawanda aisimbisa navo. musayendisiti ino yakakurumbira aiva munyori bhuku "Kitab al-Jabr Sekai-al-Muqabala". Ndiyo zita bhuku iri, uye paiva shoko "nemasvomhu", razova kwete izwi, asi sainzi, pasina iro hazvibviri kufungidzira upenyu hwedu.

The sezviverengo Arabic vakanga akaonga nevagari kunyika vaMuslim uye nyanzvi akanatswa. About mashanu emakore, nhamba idzi kunyanya kushandiswa navaArabhu. Uchibatsirwa wavo, romuMiddle masayendisiti akakwanisa vabudirire guru nemasvomhu, masvomhu uye mamwe sayenzi chaiwo, nepo Europe riri kunyura zvakadzika nokusaziva uye obscurantism.

Mabviro Arabic sezviverengo muEurope nokuti kuti munharaunda Spain ano hwakagara maviri inoti - the Barcelona County Christian uye vaMuslim Caliphate pamusoro Cordoba. Sylvester II, aimbova mutungamiriri Church yechiKristu kubvira 999 kusvika 1003, waiva murume akadzidza kwazvo uye ane musayendisiti hunoshamisa. Aikwanisa kuona kuti vokuEurope kuti vabudirire navaArabhu nezvenyeredzi uye masvomhu. Kunyange sezvo nyore mumongi iye, kuwana mabhuku Arab zvesayenzi uye akadhindwa. Sylvester II akafunga kuti shungu kushandiswa Arabic sezviverengo uye akatanga kuzviita pave navo Europe. Murume uyu anoshamisa pakarepo afunga kuti yakawanda zvinobatsira kuti sezviverengo Arabic ichienzaniswa Roman, zvikuru kushandiswa mumazuva iwayo Europe.

Kwete vagari nyika dzokuEurope zvinofungidzirwa Tichitarisa yesayenzi kukosha ruzivo urwu. Zvakatora emakore matatu nhamba idzodzo akauya kushandiswa uye akahwina zvakasikwa pamutemo. Asi pashure Arab Nhamba vakatora nzvimbo yavo Ages Europe, ari mangwanani Renaissance. Pakatanga Arabic sezviverengo vakatanga kuva masvomhu uye wefizikisi, zvenyeredzi uye jogirafi. European sainzi rine kufarira zvemidzimu ayo pakuzadzisa.

Sei sezviverengo Arabic vane chiratidzo? Pane pfungwa kuti vari anoumbwa yakarurama mutsetse zvikamu, uye uwandu makona kwakafanana nhamba pacharo. Somuenzaniso, razero haana makona, pamwe yokunyorwa graphical manhamba 1 - imwe kona 2 - ine pamakona maviri, etc. Over nguva, pamakona uye nhamba vawana ndokudzora mamiriro zvatinosiita chimiro ... Izvi, Chokwadi, inonakidza pfungwa, asi hazvisi chokwadi Mhedziso.

Musi mubvunzo kuti vanhu vauye pamwe Arabic sezviverengo, mhinduro hakusi nyore. Masayendisiti vanowanzomuitira kutenda kuti, Ungangove, vava kunyora kuti navaArabhu kubva kuIndia, uko chiratidzo wakada kuti fananei nenhamba ano. Zviri Indian mudziyo V-IX emakore, masayendisiti akawana zvinyorwa chitarisiko chake chakatodzana nenhamba ano.

How Indian Nhamba kushandurwa Arabic? Arab mushure mokuparara hweRoma muzana V remakore BC. e. kuzviita nhumbi India uye pamwe zvinonhuhwira, zvinonhuhwira nezvibwe zvinokosha vakauya nhamba itsva, rwakazokura seshanduro Arab pashure rakachengetedzwa yakanatswa uye aisimbisa ne evaArabhu. Saka, mubvunzo chii vanhu kukwira pamwe Arabic sezviverengo, achiri yakazaruka.