Altair ndiyo nyeredzi, hero yezvinyorwa uye chinhu chinotsvakurudza

Kune ziso rakashama, chikamu chiduku chenyeredzi dzinozadza zvinhu zvose chinowanikwa pakucherechedza. Zvisinei, ivo vakakwana kuti vaone ukuru hwezvinhu zvose. Muzvinyorwa zvinonyanya kukosha munzvimbo yechigumi nemaviri ndiAltair - nyeredzi, kazhinji inotora pfungwa dzevasayendisiti.

Nzvimbo:

Kuwana kujekesa kwakajeka kwete kwete chete nekupenya kwayo. Nyeredzi Altair inowanikwa mumakwikwi Orel, iyo inotora chikamu chinoshamisa chedenga uye inowanzozivikanwa. Zita rekuvhenekera rinonyatsoratidza kuti riri. Inoumbwa kubva "al-Nash al-Tair", iyo iri muchiArabic inoreva "gondo rinobhururuka".

Nguva yakakodzera yekucherechedza muenzaniso wekudenga inobva munaJune kusvika munaAugust. Eagle inoreva maElatorial constellations, saka saka zviri nani kuonekwa mukati nechekumaodzanyemba kwenyika yedu, kunyange zvazvo iri kumativi ekumusoro inowanikwa pakudzidza. Ichi chimiro chekudenga chinogara kumaodzanyemba-kumavirira kweCygnus. Kudzidza Eagle nyore nyore pane nyeredzi nhatu, izvo zvinoumba mutsara wakarurama. NdiAltair, Tarazed uye Alshain. Uyewo vanoongorora nyeredzi vanobatanidza ivo mune asterism.

Iyo hero ye nhoroondo

Altair ndiyo nyeredzi isingapindi mune imwe asterism. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa pamwe chete yezviedza zvekubata kwake ndeyeChete Triangle. "Shamwari" dzeAltair mukati mazvo ndeye Vega (nyanzvi yeLear) uye Deneb (nyenyezi yeCygnus). Zvose zvinopenya zvinoumba asterism zvinonyatsooneka. Kubvira kare, vave vagova nhengo dzezvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Mumwe wavo Altair anoonekwa semufudzi, uyo kamwe kamwe pagore, usiku hwaIvan Kupala, anosangana naVega anodikamwa, weaver.

Sarudzo

Hazvisi zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti mumufananidzo wekudenga weEagle nyeredzi yakajeka ndeyeAltair (alpha constellation). Ichi chiedza chekucherechedza chechikoro A hachisi chikuru mberi kwezuva muhukuru hwayo. Kurema kweAltair kunokwana 1.7 nguva huru pane iyo yakaenzanisa parameter, inenge yakaenzana nechiyero iyo madhaimirwo maviri masimba ekudenga. Kujeka kweAlp's Alpha zvikurukuru inokonzerwa nenzvimbo yayo yepedyo kuNyika. Altair kubva kuSa anenge anenge 16.8 makore-makore kure. Mukuwedzera, the alpha Eagle inopenya kupfuura nyeredzi yedu. Kubwinya kwaAltair kwakapetwa kasere kupenya kwezuva.

Kurumidza

Altair iyo nyeredzi isingazivikanwi chete nekupenya kwayo nekuonekwa. Iyo inoratidzirwa nekukwikwidzana kunomhanya kwakapoteredza dhiyo yayo. Rimwe rinotora nyeredzi kwemaawa matanhatu kusvika ku10 (mune zvakasiyana- siyana, ruzivo rwakasiyana zvakasiyana). Kukoshesa iyi kukurumidza, kana iwe uchiyeuka kuti zuva rinoda nguva yakawanda yeiyi - mazuva makumi maviri nemashanu.

Kukurumidza kwakadaro kune migumisiro yaro. Altair iyo nyeredzi ine chimiro chekudzivirira. Kurhanya kwakakurumidza kwakaunza kukonzera kwechiedza pedyo nemapuranga. Somugumisiro, hupamhi hwenyeredzi kuEricator ndeye 22% kupfuura huwandu hwema polar. Pakutanga fomu yeiblate yaAltair yakawanikwa munguva yezvinyorwa, asi muna 2007 vasayendisiti vakagamuchira uchapupu hwehutano hwezvivakwa izvi.

Matambudziko

Nyanzvi dzeCent for High-Resolution Astronomy paYunivhesiti yeGeorgia, pasi pehutungamiri hwaJohn Monier, vakasarudza Altair sechinhu chokudzidza. Yakafanirwa kutora mufananidzo wekumusoro kwechiedza. Mufananidzo wakaumbwa ungava wokutanga kuratidzira pedyo neyenyeredzi kunze kwezuva. Zvisinei, kuitira kuti uwane mifananidzo yakafanana yechiedza chekukura kweAltair, iri parutivi rumwe chete, teresikopu ine girazi yemamita mazana matatu emamita yakadikanwa. Kwemazuva ano zve teknolojia yekuvandudza midziyo yakadaro inhau yeramangwana.

Dambudziko rakajeka harina kumisa masayendisiti. Zviratidzo zvechina zvakagadzirirwa mudenderedzwa nepamusoro mamita mazana maviri nemashanu zvakashandiswa mubasa. Chiedza chakabatwa navo chakaunganidzwa mune imwe chigamba chinonzi Michigan infrared combiner. Somugumisiro, chimiro chakanyatsojeka chechiedza chakawanikwa.

Mhinduro dzekudzidza

Nyeredzi Altair, iyo mifananidzo yakatorwa nekugadziriswa kwepasi pekunge imwe millisecond yenyuchi, yakaonekwa sezvakafanotaurwa nedzidziso - oblate munzvimbo yepalo. Zvisinei, ichi hachizi chinhu chinonakidza kune masayendisiti. Mifananidzo yacho yakaratidza zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvechinyorwa maererano nekupenya. Mamwe mavara akaonekwa, rima uye chiedza. Mukuwedzera, kune kusiyana kwekupenya kwemafoto ekutsvaga nyeredzi mumuganhu.

Izvo zvakawanikwa zvinhu zveAltair hazvina kutsanangurwa. Mukugadzirisa pfungwa dzinogamuchirwa dze nyeredzi dzakasiyana-siyana, hazvikwani. Dhiyabhorosi yakagadziridzwa inoda kutsvakurudza zvakanyatsotsvakurudzwa nerubatsiro rwezvishandiso zvitsva nemichina inoshandiswa. Nzira dze optical interferometry dzinogona kushandiswa kuverenga pamusoro uye dzimwe nyeredzi dziri pedo nesu.

Nyeredzi Altair mukuongorora nyeredzi inobatanidzwawo nekwanisi yekufanotaura, tsika yekufunga mberi kwezera. Zvichida hazvisi mukana kuti chiedza ichi chinokurudzira masayendisiti kugadzirisa midziyo yavo. Iyo isingakwanisi kuwana ruzivo rutsva pamusoro peAltair nemaitiro ekare ekutsvakurudza, kusanzwisiswa kwezvimwe zviitiko mukati mehutano hwemadzitateguru - izvi zvose zvinokurudzira kufamba kwesayenzi uye unyanzvi huripo hunobudirira. Sezvakaitika kare, alpha Eagle, kufanana neboka rose renyeredzi, inofadza kune vanoongorora nyeredzi. Pedyo zvakakwana nzvimbo uye kubwinya pamwe chete nezivo isina kukwana ndezvikonzero zvekutarisisa zvakanyanya kune Altair. Zvichida, munguva pfupi vasayendisiti vachatifadza isu nekuwanikwa kutsva kunobatanidza nenyeredzi iyi.