Abilmansur Ablay Khan: Biography, mabasa uye munhau

rudzi ose ane vatungamiriri raakanga unozvikudza. Mongolia ndiye Genghis Khan, nokuti French - Napoleon nokuti Russian - Peter I. The Kazakhs munhu akadaro ndiye akakurumbira mutungamiri Abilmansur Ablay Khan. Biography nezviitwa murume uyu yave nyaya yedu yokudzidza.

Mamiriro ezvinhu munyika Kazakhs

Tisati ita Biography Ablay Khan, unofanira zvishoma kurondedzera enyika mamiriro ezvinhu mundima, inogarwa Kazakhs, pashure nguva vanoshingaira basa iri hunoshamisa nhamba.

Sezvo pakati XVII remakore nhoroondo yose Kazakh Khanate aishamwaridzana pakurwisa Dzhungarian kurwisa. Dzhungars - Mongol rudzi, izvo vakakwanisa kuumba simba ehurumende uye akatsvaka kubvuta yakakura nomad mumisasa iri munharaunda Kazakhstan ano. Kubva yaingopambwa vevanhu akatambura chizvarwa vanopfuura mumwe Kazakhs. Panguva dzhungar kunyange vakakwanisa kukurira kumaodzanyemba kumatunhu munyika.

In hondo dzimwe nechisimba dzibatane Kazak mamiriro muna 1718 yakakamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu - Junior, Middle uye Senior Juz.

Pano iyi enyika kunzwisisa mamiriro ezvinhu akaberekwa Ablay.

Mavambo uye mangwanani makore Ablay Khan

Zvino yava nguva tinodzidza zvakawanda nezvake akanga Ablay Khan. Biography ake kunotanga 1711. Panguva iyoyo akanga akaberekwa mumhuri anokudzwa pakati Kazakh Korkem Ouali-Sultan. Ablay Khan ainzi pashure sekuru vake - yakakurumbira mutongi Senior Juz, chigaro chakanga Tashkent. Asi pakuzvarwa aiva zita zvakasiyana - Abilmansur.

Nechekare pazera gumi Ablay Khan akarasikirwa baba vake, uyo akaurayiwa muna skirmish pamwe Dzhungars. Kubvira vachiri vaduku akamanikidzwa kuvimba chete pamusoro pachavo. Mukomana ashanda kuti afudze Tole Bey, uyo aiva mutongi mukuru pakati Kazakh vanhu. Panguva basa pana Ablay Khan ane zita remadunhurirwa rokuti itsva - ". Inetsvina" Sabalak, zvinoreva

warlord

Nokuda mukuru neukukutu matangiro uye hunhu Ablay Khan yawana kutendeseka pakati Kazakhs. Kana muna 1734 ari Khan kuMiddle Horde akava Abilmambet, akagamuchira zita Sultan uye nzvimbo mutungamiri rechiuto.

Mukutanga 40-ies vari Orenburg Ablay, Abilmambet nevamwe akakurumbira vanhu kuMiddle Horde akabvuma protectorate yeRussian Empire pamusoro munyika dzavo. Saka vaifungidzira kutsvaga kutsigirwa simba simba pakurwisa Dzhungars uye dzimwe Central Asian inoti.

Pakutanga, hondo iri Dzhungars Ablay vakavhura chaizvo zvinobudirira, kuhwinha nhevedzano Kukunda pavo. Asi kare muna 1742 Ablay Khan akazviwana musungwa, vakakundwa Jungar vazhinji pamusoro paRwizi Ishim. Zvisinei, vakatapwa ichi haana pasina. Ablay akadzidza Jungar tsika, mutauro, tsika, chakada kuzivana mutongi wavo Galdan Tseren uye akatanga ushamwari zhinji akakurumbira Dzhungars.

Muna 1743, pamwe chete chikamu yeRussian rutivi, kwaiva kuchitsinhanisa Ablay mumwe musungwa mukuru.

Zvichakadai, zvinhu hwachinja. Galdan Tseren akafa, uye rinokosha yenyika dzaidzidziswa Dzhungars chiManchu mauto akakunda Qing youmambo, rakatonga China. Zvino Kazakhs panguva sungano yekare vavengi vavo kudzorera Chinese. Asi nokukurumidza mubatanidzwa uyu vakarambana, uye Ablay akamanikidzwa kuita chibvumirano pamwe Qing musha, uye muna 1756 iye neMiddle Horde Khan chaizvoizvo vakaziva muranda pamusoro China.

Muna 1756 Ablay akashanyira Chinese guru Beijing, apo akagamuchira kubva mambo musoro soro Wang.

Zvisinei, Kazakh mutungamiri rechiuto haana kusiya Russian protectorate, uye kugara kutaurirana kuchamhembe nyika iyi.

Kuitwa pakati Khan raMwari rokuremekedza

No dzinonakidza zvishoma rake ramangwana Biography. Abylai Khan (Ablai Khan) muna 1771, Khan vakagamuchira zita Middle Juz. Zvino pashure pokufa Abulmambet. Kunyange zvazvo tsika nhaka choushe chaiva rimwe pedyo nehama wemufi, uye vanhu vanoziva Middle Horde vakasarudza kuti inonyanya zita akakodzera chete Ablay.

Panguva yokutonga kwake iye waigona vakawanda mundima mamwe maviri zhuzes saka hunzi pachake Guru Khan pakati Kazakhs zvose.

Panguva apo Russia yaitsviriridza kumukira Pugacheva Ablay akatora zvikuru akachenjera uye noumhizha negwaro. Kudivi rimwe, akavimbisa kutsigira kumukira uye kunyange pachake akasangana naye, asi Ukuwo, taikurukura pamwe vamiririri Russian choushe, uye akavavimbisa kuti akavimbika. Actual rubatsiro Pugachev Ablay, nokuti chero nezvikonzero, haana anazvo.

Aida kuti vaite zvinoverengeka zvinokosha kunoparirwa kuti vaifanira kusimudzira kurima pakati Kazakhs uye, pakupedzisira, kuti vazviise kugadzirisa pasi, asi akamhanyira kukuru nemishonga kubva kwamachinda vakaona zvakagadzirwa kukamurwa kodzero dzavo uye rusununguko.

rufu

Ablay asati afa achiona kuti kuziva kugamuchira kuchinja ake pamusoro Kazakhs shanduro kuti aivapo zvokurima, abdicated nokuzvidira uye pamudyandigere kunyika Elder Juz. Akafa muna 1781 hapashayikwi muroyi ari Tashkent, uye akavigwa mausoleum pamusoro Khoja Ahmed.

Ablay akasiya yakawanda nevana. vanhurume chete vaiva vanhu 30.

nhaka

Kazakhs kuyeuka zvinobatsirei chikuru vakauya nyika yavo Ablay Khan. Nhoroondo uye evanhu kuti vanhu vose, kwete chete Kazakhs, asi kuyeuka gamba idzvene kuna vanhu. Iye rwawana nzvimbo mhiri Kazakhstan nezvake avabvisa chinhu mafirimu. On imwe inoratidza uye mari 100 Tenge chipo mufananidzo ndiye Ablay Khan. Almaty ane mugwagwa anonzi ari kukudzwa mumiririri chikuru Kazakh vanhu.

Ndangariro Ablay Khan vachararama nokusingaperi.