5th Panzer Division yeSS "Viking": nhoroondo, kugadzirwa, tsanangudzo

Kuti kuwedzere kubudirira kwemauto emasoja pamberi peSoviet neGermany, vakuru veFascist vakaita mapoka pakati pevarwi veS SS, avo basa ravo guru raiva kushandiswa kwezvinyorwa.

Kuumbwa nekugadzirisazve rutivi

Chimwe chezvikamu zvakasvibiswa uye zvine utsinye zvikamu zveFuehrer munguva yeGreat Patriotic War - 5th Panzer Division ye SS "Viking". Kuumbwa kwemauto kwakatanga musi waNovember 20, 1940. Pakutanga, mauto ehondo uye technikisi akaiswa pamotokari yechina. Iko 5 Panzer Division ye SS "Viking" yakatanga kunzi "Germany". MunaJanuary 1941, boka reuto rechiuto rakagamuchira zita rakamuunza mukurumbira mukurumbira. Asi kupatsana kwakanga kusati kwaita tank, asi kwakanzi igozvipira motorized mauto ega.

Muna 1941, kuumbwa kwetangi rakapfuurira. Somuenzaniso, munaEpril, regiment "Westland" uye "Nordland" yakaiswa muhutano hwechikwata. Imwezve zita rekugadziridza rakaitwa musi waNovember 9, 1942. Nenzira, harisi zita rakashanduka, asi chinangwa chekuparadzanisa. Akazova panzergrenadier.

Kugadzirisa kwekupedzisira kwe5th Panzer Division ye SS "Viking" (tsanangudzo iri pasi apa) yaiva muna 1943. Gumiguru 22 gore rino, chirevo chaHitler chakatumidzwa zita rechechina.

5th Vanking SS Panzer Division: vatungamiri

Cherechedza kuti vatungamiri vose ve "Viking" vaigara vaine varume veSS, vanonyatsoziva uchenjeri hwemashoko ehondo. Sezvatotaurwa kare, mumubatanidzwa uyu pakanga paine symbiosis pakati pe Chekists neuto.

Saka, kubva panaDecember 1, 1940 kusvika panaMay 1, 1943, chikwata chakanga charairwa naFelix Steiner. Kubvira paMay 1, 1943 uye kusvika musi waAugust 6, 1944, murairo wakapiwa Herbert Otto. Ipapo vatungamiri veboka rechiteshi vakachinja kakawanda. Oberfuhrer Daisenhoffer haana kubata hofisi kwemwedzi. Standartenfuhrer Molenkamp akarayira kusvikira October 9, 1944. Mukuru wekupedzisira weboka "Viking" aiva Carl Ulrich. Akabva apedza basa rake mazuva matatu asati asvika zuva rekukunda - May 5, 1945.

Chimiro chekuparadzanisa (1941-1943)

Iko 5 Panzer Division ye SS Viking yakange yakasimba kwazvo mumagetsi ekugadzira uye masangano. Kuumbwa kweuto rechiuto, uyewo nhamba yemasoja nguva dzose yakashanduka. Ngatitarisei pamufananidzo gore. Muna 1941, kupatsanurwa kwaiva nemitambo yekutengesa mabheji matatu, sangano rekuFinily voluntary, sangano rezvombo. Mukuwedzera, pakanga paine unopesana tank unit, service intelligence, basa rekushandura uye imwe yehupfumi.

Muna 1942, kupatsana kwakatove kunosanganisira mamwe mapoka. Izvi zvinoreva matatu panzer-regenar regiments (chaizvoizvo, yakafanana ne1941), tangi, anti-tank, vanozvipira ("Nord-Ost") mauto, anti-ndege uye mauto ekugadzira injini, zvikamu zvakasara uye zvigaro zvezvemari. Kuongorora, unogona kunzwisisa kuti "Viking" yakasimbiswa kare munguva yemhirizhonga.

MunaNovember 1943, 5th Panzer Division ye SS Viking yakave yakasiyana zvikuru mukugadzirisa:

- 1 tank regiment, iyo yaisanganisira 2 mabhota;

- 2 panzergrenadier regiments;

- kurwisana, kupikisa-ndege uye zvombo zvemagetsi;

- motorized mauto battalions;

- Volunteer units of Estonians neFinnns;

- kubvuma kuzvidzivirira, kupera, kugadzirisa nekukurukurirana mauto;

- mapurisa;

- Munda wechipatara uye mamwe masimba ekutsigira.

Mukuenzanisa na1942, kupatsana kwakaramba kuchiwedzera, sezviri pachena, kunyanya. Ndezvipi chikonzero cheizvi, kana tikafungisisa matambudziko ose evanhu veFascist panguva iyoyo? Nekuwedzera kwemhirizhonga yeRobert Army, kubudirira kwekubudirira kweSoviet mauto munharaunda inotorwa nevaNazi, vaFaccist vakaparadza zvose zvivako zvemuvhu uye vakawedzera kukurwisa vanhu vemo. Mapoka eSS aiva mazano makuru mukuparadzwa kwevanhu.

Chimiro cheS SS Viking masimba muna 1944-1945

Asi muna 1944, apo hondo yakanga yatove ichifamba zvakanaka kubva munharaunda yeU.SR kune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope, 5th Panzer Division ye SS Viking yakaderera zvishoma nezvishoma. Kuburikidza kwechimiro chechikwata nekuda kwekukundwa kwekupedzisira muhondo kwakave kusina maturo, saka panguva yaAugust 1944, kupatsana kwakaramba kuripo:

- 1 tank regiment;

- 2 panzergrenadier regiments;

- kurumbidzwa, mabhomba, kurwisa, anti-tank uye anti-ndege;

- Gadzira battalion;

- Munda wechipatara;

- mapurisa nevanyori vehondo ;

- zvikamu zvekugovera uye kucheneswa kwemasitoni.

Kurwisana nenzira yechipatara

Munguva yehondo yose, zvikamu zveViking zvakarwisana pane dzimwe nzvimbo dzepamberi. Uyu murairo wakaita kuti kupatsanurana kuve nzvimbo dzakakosha dzemakwikwi ehondo nemauto eU.SR pane imwe nguva. Iyo ikamu "Viking" yakabatanidzwa muHurumende yePritain Patriotic kubva munaJune 29, 1941 kusvika paMay 5, 1945. Dhiyabhorosi yedhesi pamusoro pekurasikirwa kwevashandi panguva yose yehondo hakupo, kana ivo vachiri kuchengetwa muzvinyorwa zvisiri pasi pasi pezita rokuti "chakavanzika".

Simba iri rakatanga nzira yaro yehondo muWestern Ukraine. Zvakare zvakarwiwa pakati penyika yeUkraine, North Caucasus neDonbas. Vakabatanidzwa mubasa reHitler "Citadel" (iyo Dnepropetrovsk-Kharkov line) uye mukupikisana nemafambiro ekunyadzisa neRed Army yeKorsun-Shevchenko.

Kugadzira "Viking"

Ndinoda kuisa pfungwa pane zvigadzirwa zvezvesayenzi zvekuparadzanisa. Semuenzaniso, mune arsenal yekutonga tangi kune zvakawanda zvePP Kpfw III matangi. Muenzaniso wakadai uye kuchinja kwakasiyana-siyana kwaibudiswa mune zvebhizimisi kubva muna 1938 kusvika muna 1943. Kurwisa kuyerwa kwakabva kune 21.8 kusvika ku 23 tani. Kureba kwemhando yacho kwaive kwakasiyana-siyana: kubva pa 541 cm kusvika ku 641 masikati. Kureba kwakasvika kubva pa 2.44 kusvika ku 2.5 mamita.

Mishonga PF Kpfw ІІІ zvombo zvakasimba zvakakwana. Semuenzaniso, kubwinya kwepamberi - kwete pasi pe 50-70 mm. Mativi nehuma, pamwe nehuma yeshongwe, yakakandwa muhupamhi hwe30 kusvika ku50 mm. Denga uye pasi zvakange zvakapfava zvakakwana-kubva pa10 kusvika ku17 mm, izvo zvakaita kuti zvibvumirwe neSoviet mhirizhonga kuti inowanzobvarura matangi aya kubva mumhepo. Pamusoro pezvinhu zvose zvinogadziriswa, varimi vakamisa imwe kanononi nechepakati ye 50 mm uye mabhini maviri emabhiza ane chikamu che 7.92 mm. Aya matangi akanga ari mafoni. Nhamba yepamhanho inomhanya mumugwagwa wenyika yaiva 18 km / h.

Psychology of SS masoja "Viking"

The 5th Panzer Division yeSS "Viking" yaiva yakakosha muuto re Wehrmacht. Ichokwadi ndechokuti vazhinji vekuumbwa kwehondo kwakaumbwa chete kubva kuGermany. Pano, pane zvinopesana, maGermany ainge asiripo. Mutoja wevarwi mauto masimba kubva kunyika dzakakundwa neve fascists kubva kuBaltic States uye kuScandinavia yakashandira. Pfungwa inokosha ndeyokuti hakuna munhu akadzinga vanhu muchikamu ichi nechisimba. Mumasimba emagetsi, vanhu vakapinda mubasa vachizvidira. Vakanga vari vatengesi kunyika yavo, avo vakatenga muparidzi rweva fascists. Uyewo mumubatanidzwa wekuzvidira vaiva vanhu vasina kukodzera iyo yezvematongerwo enyika mune zvehurumende dzavo, uye nemhosva dzaisingadi kupindura pamberi pemutemo. Mune mabhuku pamusoro pekuparadzaniswa kunopiwa hurukuro dzevarwi vanonzwisisa kuswedera kwekukundwa muhondo. Vazhinji vavo vanosimbisa kuti hakuna munhu ari kumirira kumba. Kusuruvara nekushaiwa kwekutenda mune ramangwana pasina kutonga kwaHitler pamusoro penyika yose kwakaita kuti varwi veViking vasatya vasingatyi vakapa upenyu hwavo mukukunda kweNazism.