Vanda Vasilevskaya: Biography uye pikicha

Nhasi vanoyeuka kuti Vanda Vasilevskaya, haasi munhu wose anogona, kunyange kamwe Classic mabhuku Soviet achigara. Asi pashure pokufa kwayo muverengi chikuru - Iosifa Stalina - Slava Vasilevskoy nokukurumidza zvapera.

Childhood Vandy Vasilevskoy

Vasilevskaya Vanda Lvovna akaberekerwa January 1905 mumhuri inozivikanwa Polish ethnographer uye nationalist Leona Vasilevskogo.

Sezvo gurukota Foreign Affairs kwePoland kuna Pilsudski hurumende, baba vake aiva nemukurumbira ake mugovanisi maonero. Ndiye kukanganiswa paumbwe hunhu mwanasikana wavo chete-pfungwa.

Life kuPoland pamberi Second World War

Munyori ramangwana aiva dzidzo yakanaka. Muna 1927 akagamuchira dhipuroma pamusoro rorusununguko Philology of Jagiellonian University. Pashure pokudzidza Wasilewska aigara Krakow uye vakadzidzisa pane chimwe chikoro chesekondari. Mukadzi uyu anogona nyore kuita basa, asi pachinzvimbo iye akabatana echimurenga kufamba mauto kuruboshwe muPoland.

Muna 1938 munyori akaronga guru-pamwero vadzidzisi 'amurove, nokuti iro akanga adzingwa basa. Mugore iroro iye akaita ethnographic rwendo kuna Volyn. On hwaro yakaunganidzwa zvinhu Vanda Vasilevskaya akazonyora bhuku "Flames ari anezvimiti."

Mushure rwendo Wasilewska akatamira Warsaw, uko iye ane basa iri wedzero hofisi magazini vana. In ake haringakupembedzi nguva, iye akaramba achiita yayo echimurenga basa pane akaita pfundepfunde kudivi nezviremera Polish, uye ayo kuenda kujeri.

Kuenda kumwe kune Soviet Union uye Great Patriotic War

Apo Nazi Germany yakarwisa Poland, Vanda Vasilevskaya aida kusiya nyika, asi zviremera vakaramba ape akamunyorera vhiza nokuti chaiitirwa pamusoro miedzo miviri. Ipapo munyori rutsoka akunde mazana makiromita uye ukasvika Lvov, iyo yava guta Soviet.

Pano Wanda L. pakarepo akatora chizvarwa Soviet. Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika kuti Wasilewska akakwanisa kupfuura Muzviitiko zvose uye sokunonoka chokuita nokutama kubva dzatorwa, uye kwete chete pakarepo kugamuchira chizvarwa, asi vakavawo mutevedzeri Supreme Soviet of USSR. Zvainzi Iosif Stalin pachake kubatsira ichi.

Kurarama Lvov, Vanda Vasilevskaya akanyora kwokupa mhosva yemberi Vortex Major - Evgeniya Bereznyaka. It Wasilewska vakamutongera kuti Ukrainisation Lviv zvikoro, vachifunga kuti zviri zvinopesana bato itsika. Imhaka chiito ichi, Ukrainians vakawanda havadi uye munyori nhasi.

MuLviv, akaramba ake mabhuku basa Vasilevskaya Vanda. Book munyori wake akakurumbira trilogy "The rwiyo pamusoro pemvura 'akanga akamiswa muguta rino.

With veMubatanidzwa hondo iri mundima USSR, munyori akapiwa uto chinzvimbo konoro uye vakatanga kuenda mberi sechikamu anoparadzirwa mapoka. Vomunguva akacherechedza kuti ine, dzakashata Vanda Vasilevskaya, uyo aisvuta akafanana chimbini, uye nguva dzose vakaenda nebhurukwa varume akanga zvinoshamisa mutauri anoshamisa.

In kufanana kugadzikana basa Vasilevska mupepeti aishanda periodicals siyana.

Muna 1942, Stalin akarayira Vande Lvovna anyore nyaya kuti anoparadzirwa mberi. Panguva iyo munyori akanga chete mwedzi mumwe. Zvisinei, iye akaita - ichi chaiva nyaya "Rainbow" Vandy Vasilevskoy. Gore rakatevera, basa iri rave kufuka chidzitiro, uye munyori akanga paakavapa iye yake yokutanga Stalin Prize. The mari iye yezvipo kuvaka reuto ndege, "Warsaw".

Kubva 1943 kusvikira pakuguma hondo Wasilewska akashanda se mukuru mupepeti pepanhau "Soviet Poland."

Pashure pehondo, munyori kugara Kyiv, apo akatambira yoga furati pamwe Amenities zvose.

Okupedzisira makore munyori

Pashure pehondo, Wasilewska ave kaviri kunge paakavapa ari Stalin Prize. Her "Rainbow" uye mamwe mabasa zvaisanganisira kuchikoro hweutungamiri. Sezvo muKomonisiti Pfungwa nekusimba, Vandu Vasilevskuyu akanga aiwanzotuma panzendo dzebhizimisi kunze. Pashure pavo, mumwe mukadzi yakabudiswa essays umo rina mavara mavara rinorondedzerwa sei zvakaipa mhenyu capitalist Europe uye sei vagari Soviet kufara. Saka ipapo "muParis uye kunze Paris" uye "Letters dzokuRoma". In kururamisira zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kana iwe kurasa zvose sugary anoparadzirwa, munyori zvakarurama kwazvo kuona zvakawanda nezvinetso post-hondo Europe, zvikurukuru France.

Zvakakodzwa uye hunofadza Wasilewska yakaguma norufu Stalin. Pasina kutsigira kwake kubwinya munyori simba Zvaparara. Akafa muna 1964, akavigwa Kiev.

Personal upenyu Vandy Vasilevskoy

Munyori yave akaroora kaviri. murume wake wokutanga akanga echimurenga Krakow Marian Bogatko. In muchato uyu akaberekwa ari oga mwanasikana munyori Evha, uyo pashure kwababa rufu (1940) rakatorwa Wanda muna USSR. Eva akava mushanduri, uyewo munyori chevana.

murume wechipiri Wasilewska akava Ukrainian munyori Soviet Alexander Korneichuk. Zvakanga runyerekupe kuti muchato aipfeka evasingatombonamati enyika hunhu uye rinokosha rudo pakati vakaroorana haana.

Vanda Vasilevskaya, "Rainbow": pfupiso

Pamwedzi kare, sezvo musha wokuUkraine mhuri mazana matatu aiva mumaoko nevaNazi. Panguva ino, vomumusha waiva mukana kutambura zvizhinji. Best musha rabviswa kubva varidzi, iyo chikakandwa mumugwagwa, mune dzimwe uyewo zvirindo dzichengeterwe masoja eGermany quartered. Mhou, makwai, huku nezvimwe zvipfuwo kwenguva refu kure, sezvo dzakabatana German vakarayirwa kuti zvadzinofura inogarwa mumisha. wokutanga mushandi The uye akanaka musha Malasha Vyshneva chibharo nemasoja matatu, uye akanga achitarisira mwana mumwe wavo.

simba rose munyika yava mumaoko mukuru German Kurt Werner. Unogara chirikadzi vemo Fedosov Kravchuk pamwe tenzikadzi wake Pusey (kubva kuguta navo, achivimbisa kuti kuroorwa, kunyange zvazvo vakawanda vane mudzimai, Louise, uye mwana muGermany).

Wadheni anosunungurwa kubva mujeri nenzira vokuGermany mugari Gaplikov. basa rake - kumanikidza vomumusha kupa vomumuzinda akavanzwa saizvozvo, apo zvakavanzika gorosi. Ndiye anonzwa paakadzokera mumusha mana chirikadzi Olena Kostyuk.

Sokuziva, murume akasiya mudzimai ane pamuviri uye vakaenda mberi, uye Elena pamwe pakasvika vokuGermany wakaenda partisan yokuzviparadzanisa, zvinosanganisira gumi majaya, uye vanovatarisira kusvikira yakanga nguva rokusununguka. Ipapo mukadzi akadzokera kwaari kari, achitarisira kuti vanhu vokuGermany asingazivi nezvazvo, asi zvakanga zvakaipa.

Kurt akaedza kumunyengetedza mumaoko pamusoro guerrillas, asi mukadzi haana kubvumirana nazvo. Ipapo usiku varwi kupfeka boka kuburikidza chando uye vakarohwa, asi iye haana kumupa. Nenzara, -oma vakakuvadza mukadzi mubishi Cold mudura.

Muvakidzani mukomana anonzi Teddy bear akaita nzira yake padanga uye aida kupa mukadzi chingwa, asi iye akacherechedza wachi uye vapfurwa. Amai vakomana Galina Malyuchiha muchivande akaba muviri mwanakomana wake uye vakamuviga horo.

Mangwanani akatevera yavaizoenda musangano apo mukuru akatora mubatwa vanhuwo zvavo nhanhatu, achivimbisa kuita navo mumazuva matatu, kana vanhuwo zvavo regai gorosi uye hatiiti ane mwanakomana aiedza kuunza chingwa nhapwa guerrillas. Zvisinei, hapana vomumusha havana kuzadzikisa zvaidiwa vomumuzinda.

Zvichakadaro, vari nhapwa Olena mwanakomana. Pasinei Kukuvara, chando, nzara uye zvinotyisa ezvinhu, mwana akaberekwa vatano. Azvarwa, mukadzi akadzokera mbatya uye kupa hope. Zvino Kurt akashevedza naye kuzobvunzurudzwa uye kutyisidzira kuuraya mwana, wakakumbira kupa guerrillas. Mukadzi haana kubvumirana, uye mukuru akapfura mwana wake mucheche, uye ipapo akarayira aurayiwe mai vake.

Zvichakadaro Fedosiya Kravchuk anoudzwa kuti Red Army iri kuronga nokukurumidza kusunungura musha wavo uye akaudza varwi, chii uye kupi riri nechisimba. Usiku ihwohwo, vamwe vomunharaunda mukuru kuitwa akabatwa uye "unoruramisira" iye, kukanda muviri mugomba rakaoma zvakanaka. Mangwanani vokuGermany vakasarudza kuti mukuru vakatiza.

Zuva rakatevera, kuburikidza musha kuitwa shongwe akapamba masoja, kwechishamiso ichi rinotyisa venguva. Zvisinei, usiku, Red Army anosunungura musha. Mukurwa kuti rusununguko anofa Malasha kuti yakauraya nemaoko avo Kurt. Vanhuwo zvavo vari akavigwa vakawanda guva uye masoja ake vamwe vomumusha. Above kumusha pane isingawanzowanikwi yechando muraraungu.

Zvakanakira nekuipira "Rainbow"

Pakarepo shure bhuku mubhuku rino rava yakakurumbira. Uyezve, mapepanhau American vakanga zvakanaka nezvazvo. A kuzvipira vanoda firimu, zvakasiyana-siyana inobva nyaya kunyange nominated kuti "Oscar".

"Rainbow" rakanyorwa zvose nemitemo anoparadzirwa anoshanda: wakajeka kurondedzerwa utsinye siyana kwevaNazi, indomitable vanhu, gamba uye vakashinga masoja-liberators. Pasinei ayo mutauro pachena, chigadzirwa izere mabhuku cliches. Vazhinji vacho akafanana uye oneka. VokuGermany somunhu utsinye, the scum runonyengera, mukuru - youmbwende akaipa, mwene wokuGermany - mapenzi uye simbe. Wakachinyiwa musikana anofa heroically, kugeza nyadzi dzavo neropa. Vakadzi kurerutsa uye mwana vawirwa muzita nevakariri zvakanaka uye pamwe chete zvakanaka yadzinobereka, uye awa pashure pokuberekwa kare rakasanganiswa doro chinodururwa. Rufu muhondo iri nokusimudzwa sezvo kumusoro zvakanaka mamiriro pakutapwa zvinonyadzisa nomuvengi.

Uyewo, pane zvinopikisana zhinji munyaya. Somuenzaniso, vokuGermany vari mumusha kwemwedzi, asi havana kukwanisa kuverenga vagari vose. Mumusha, rakatevera yavari kushanda guerrillas, izvo vokuGermany kutya sezvo mukuru moto vakarinda awa hanya, uye kuti zviri nyore rinokomberedza kumativi enyu munwe chirikadzi yakwegura. Wakachinyiwa Malasha hapana vane pazuva rechigumi zvachose anoziva kuti anepamuviri. Uye gestation Olena uyewo haana kuenda zvakanaka. Munyori rinotsanangura kutambura kurima mhuri vari kuda nenzara, asi vakaramba kudya chingwa kuti ape muchiuto.

Zvisinei, pasinei nezvikanganiso zhinji, zvinokosha kuyeuka kuti nyaya, yakanyorwa chete pamwedzi, "Rainbow" akaipa kwazvo. Uyezve, zvakanyorwa kuva anoparadzirwa chimedu kwerunyararo kwomudzimu munguva yehondo uye basa rayo kuzadziswa zvakakwana, achiva vanhu vazhinji kachiedza chiedza uye netariro.

Vanda Vasilevskaya, "Just Love"

Muna 1944, mumwe Wasilewska akanyora yake yakakurumbira yokufungidzira vanoda "Just Love". Mariri akaedza kuratidza zvinoitika vakadzi kumirira varume vavo kuti hondo yezvokunamata. Tichienzanisa "Rainbow" basa iri zvikuru kudzika anoratidza zvepfungwa vakadzi muhondo.

Nyaya game ari mhandara uye vakadzidza, Mary, aishanda somukoti. Iye, kufanana zviuru wake vomunyika, anotarisira murume wake Gregory kubva mberi. Pakarepo anouya mashoko rufu rwake. Maria anonetseka kwazvo, asi resigns achizvicheka nguva. Nokukurumidza pashure nhau rufu Grisha kwakaipa, uye iye anodzokera kumba. Zvisinei, murume anodikamwa kwazvo chimiro kunze, kuti Mary anotanga sokuti iye akamira kumuda. Asi kwapera mwedzi mishomanana kubasa mukadzi anotarisana chirikadzi, ane murume akanga achangobva kufa ari muchipatara. Kushungurudzika zvikuru kuchinja Mary, kuti iye anoziva sei iye akamuda chaizvoizvo Grisha.

Zvino sokuti zvisingachashandi vazhinji mabasa, izvo zvakanyorwa nokuda Vanda Vasilevskaya. Biography womukadzi inozivikanwa nemateru nezvisingafadzi, asi ikozvino aenda refu uye paraiitwa, uye chokwadi kuti anorondedzera mune zvaakanyora. Asi usakanganwa kuti panguva iyo nyaya Vandy Vasilevskoy airidza basa rinokosha kukunda Fascism.