"Walter" - a pneumatic pfuti. Pistol "Walther P-38"

Walther P38 - ndiwo kuzvipira vachizvitakudza chivhorovhoro 9-millimeter caliber anobudiswa muGermany. Anovimbisa hupenyu 10 000 kwepfuti. Rakanga dzakabudirira zvombo muThuringia, muguta Zella-Mehlis, kambani "Walter K. Vaffenfabrik".

Provenance

Muna 1936 Fritz Walter g. Pamwe injiniya Fritz Barthlemensom akanga vakawana bvumidzwa pamusoro nomazviri akakiya mugero iri hunde. musimboti Its kushanda kuri pamberi kutenderera munyika hunyambiri ndege yacho chihuri. budiriro ichi chakaratidza kutanga chizvarwa chitsva pfuti German nemauto pasi "Walter" muchiso. The Implementation wegadziriro wokutanga rakatangwa muna musimboti rechina kuva zvombo. Zvisinei, vakabudirira Implementation pamusoro mashandiro rakanga raitwa kwete kamwe. Rakaitika zvina kundikana neungano yake musiyano wezvinyorwa, izvo akashandisa yakavanzika rukungiso mhando. Pashure muenzaniso uyu PP 1929 yakanga kunyorwa kwenyaya. Yakachinja fiyuzi magadzirirwo rukungiso mashandiro. Zvino rava yakavhurika chinzvimbo chikungiso. Muna 1938, mumwe chivhorovhoro German "Walter" rakagamuchirwa kubva Armed Forces muGermany. Kushandiswa Its wakapararira, uye pakupedzisira akapotsa akatsiviwa "Luger Parabellum," zvachose. "Walther P-38" akava chombo kupfuura kwakapararira wehondo German. kugadzirwa kwayo, kuwedzera miganhu Third Reich, zvakanga rakaumbwawo muBelgium uye Czechoslovakia. Kuti uderedze kunzwisisa kwakaita kugadzira muitiro munguva yehondo, uye kunyanya zvayo 2nd hafu, kugadzirwa michina, "Walther P-38" yave nyore. Zvombo makore hondo aiva rougher kumugumo uye magadzirirwo pasina katuriji chakarurama. Somunhu wokushamisira pfuti "Walther P-38" raishandiswawo muna Red Army, partisans uye varwi dzimwe nyika Anti-Hitler mubatanidzwa.

Nhoroondo yepashure pehondo

Pashure pehondo, kugadzirwa maoko muGermany kwenguva yakareba zvakanga rikaguma. Not kugadzirwa uye chivhorovhoro "Walter" (Fighting). Production vakatangazve pamusoro munharaunda Federal Republic of Germany chete muna 1957 pasi zita "P-1" by Walther akapa Bundeswehr. Kubvira muna 1957, takabudisa mhando mbiri: pfuti "Walther PPK" uye "P-1". Both post-hondo yokuenzanisira vari lightweight (100 g) chikakandirwa furemu kubva scandium-aruminiyamu chiwanikwa. Nepo akagadzirirwa zvinodiwa mapurisa chivhorovhoro P-38, "Walther P-1" yakaitwa zvikurukuru munyika zvombo. Matatu namasere wokuenzanisira anobudiswa zviduku zvakawanda uye kuti simbi puranga. Zvisinei, zvave chete rakashandiswa nokuda zvebhizimisi zvinangwa. Muna 1976, "Walter" chivhorovhoro "P-1", yave nani zvikuru. Kuwedzera basa upenyu, uyewo kukwanisa kushandisa cartridges vane mutariri ane simba, zvinotevera zvinhu kunge akawedzera kuti chigadzirwa ichi:

• Pamatanda, munzvimbo pakati pesuwo kunonoka uye gedhi contactor paakagadzwa munhu transverse mbambo. Chikamu ichi kunoita kuti kutora mutoro Upfu kana kudzingwa basa. Nokudaro zvakakwanisika kuwedzera upenyu lightweight puranga.
• Hunde dzacho vakatanga kushandisa chivhariso chakati kupinda liner, akaitwa Stellite. Izvi zvinhu kunoratidzwa kumusoro kusakara nemishonga. Kuburikidza iyi yakawedzera basa hunde dzacho, kunyange zvakasimba kushandiswa chete chivhorovhoro nenzira zvechiuto. Uyewo chakagadziridzwa kubvumirwa kushandisa cartridges zvikuru simba pamwe upfu nokuchengeta akadai ane 19 X 9 mm NATO.

Design zvinhu

Basa kushandisa michina muchiso pfuti "Walter" imhaka kuti hazviiti simba pamusoro hunde ake pfupi kosi. Chihuri iri pakati nemafungu ari hunde uye anoita kutwasuka rotational kufamba, anoita nokukiya. Kuti aite disengagement yake kubva pasuwo, zvakakodzera tikarega rwemberi chikamu chihuri. Iyewo, ndiye chitubu-akatakura longitudinal nemizariro, riri mu mafashamo iri breech pamusoro hunde. The mashandiro chiito pamusoro pfuti "Walther P-38" rinogona kurondedzerwa sezvinotevera: tsvimbo rakabayirwa chokupika Upfu hazviiti kupinda pamatanda. Somugumisiro, mashoko chihuri iri zvayaitenderera paguyo kuti disengage. Pashure anorumanya maviri kudzoka matsime. Vari iri muperekedzi matanda iri grooves ari puranga (kumusoro). Zvadaro, kana decompression remvura achisunda bhaudhi hunde uye Pin chitubu-akatakura kuiswa mune imwe nzvimbo, nokudaro achisunungura chihuri. Izvi zvaizoitawo, riri pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu bevel chinomutswa uye unogadzirira pamwe shutter.

mukuru kuvakwa

Pistol "Walther P-38" rine 58 zvinoriumba. Pakati pavo:

• Chikungiso mashandiro (USM) - ane matanho kaviri, iri akashongedzerwa Uine rukungiso. Mubato iri kusarurama chiito yechirimo cylindrical mhando. rukungiso muedzo kana nyundo mune cocked nzvimbo - 2,5 makirogiramu, pasina samovzvodom - 6.5. Rukungiso bhaa akatasva kunze kurudyi pamusoro pamatanda.
• Check bhokisi - kushandiswa manually kudzora fiyuzi. Rakamiswa pamusoro kuruboshwe shutter. Kana kutura kuitisa njodzi dzinza sando cocked. Uyewo pane nyundo zvechizarira. Kutenderera limiter rukungiso Haatauri mukana kudzokera chepakuvamba nzvimbo asati cocking ezvinhu ndiye offline.
• Rukungiso.

kushanda

Structural chairema chikungiso pfuti chinhu "Walther P-38" pave zvimwe nechinouya kushandiswa kwayo, kunyanya akapoteredza remapazi zvechiuto. Izvi imhaka yokuti ndabatwa nzvimbo chirauro rinowanzoshandiswa chokuita zvaisanganisira fiyuzi. Work mashandiro ane zvinotevera nuances:

• Chikungiso chaikosha wakaisirwa kuti mberi nzvimbo kana fiyuzi dzikaita kure. Izvi zvinoitwa akashandura mureza kumusoro.
• Kana fiyuzi washandukurwa kure, chirauro unorambira chete nzvimbo yaiva pamberi achideredza mureza.
• Kana cocking nenyundo chirauro inofamba ichienda necheshure nzvimbo.
• Kana platoon kana ndisipo kusarurama shutter, kuti shutter nhengo vacharamba vari mberi nzvimbo apo fiyuzi.
• Kana fiyuzi iri ON chinzvimbo, gedhi hakuzovi chimiso, zvinogona kukanganisa. Panyaya iyi chikungiso rinobviswa zvechizarira, uye chikungiso kunoita kuti navaivanda chinzvimbo.
• Kuti achiponesa pfuti kunyange pashure shutdown chakaitika pakupedzisira nenzvimbo chikungiso, unofanira Jongwe. Pashure paizvozvo, vakuru fiyuzi inofanira kusanganisirwa.
• Kana chikungiso iri raparurwa manually pachishandiswa nokunamatira uye kudzvanya chikungiso chirauro anotora kumberi nzvimbo.
• Kana fiyuzi washandukurwa kure, unogona kushandisa bara DA muoti kana pashure cocking. Kana yechipiri, anoburukira zvichava zvikuru nounyoro uye pfupi.
• It anoita basa uncoupler rukungiso kamwechete. Mushure vachiridzira gedhi anogadzirwa pamusoro ari kuonana nayo. Kubva ichi yokupedzisira ari chichiburutswa, uye nokudaro anoita disconnection pamwe sear. Single mwenje zvichigoneka chiitiko kuti chikungiso iri akatura kusvikira anomira. Panyaya iyi, simba chikungiso iri kudhonzwa, iye achipfeka.
• Kuitira kudzivisa vakurumidze pena panguva "nedohoda" kusuwo rakakiiwa chinzvimbo, zvakakodzera kuti vachiridzira mbambo Pazvibato zvechizarira ane otomatiki fiyuzi. Riri pamusoro chikungiso. Dzokuzarura pomukuvadzi zvinodiwa kushandura gedhi pamberi chinzvimbo, uchishandisa Nokusimudzwa mhikuriso. It iri chete chechetere pamwe chikungiso.

tsananguro

Vanounganidza pfuti "Walther P-38" harina kupfuura 8 vaitenderera. Chihuri zviri neshure (pamberi) divi mubato. chitoro chihuri basa anoita kuti chiito yechirimo. Above chikungiso kumashure ndiro shutter, iri Pointer. Sezvo zvinobvira kuziva kuvapo katuriji muimba yomukati. Index ane chimiro nhete tsvimbo projecting mucheto. Dismantling chivhorovhoro "Walter" wacho zvakananga. Kamwe cartridges zvose zvinoshandiswa uye amatura ichava chinhu, kuti shutter anofanira kushandurwa kuti necheshure nzvimbo. Kana uchida kudzokera kwairi yapfuura mamiriro anogona kudzikiswa kunonoka mhikuriso nokuda vharuvhu. Ndizvo panguva pamwero pamwe chikungiso chedziviriro pamatanda kuruboshwe. Kana chivhorovhoro kubata haisi chinhu chitoro, ipapo kubvisa bhaudhi, zvakakodzera zvishoma kudhonzera shure. Ipapo unofanira kusunungurwa. Kana magazini atopiwa akatakura, ichi chiito doshlet katuriji mukamuri ndichavamanikidza "Walter" (pfuti) kune vakamuka.

Specificity chivhorovhoro magadzirirwo "Walther P-38"

1. In firearm ichi anoshandisa mbiri duku dhayamita chitubu kudzoka. Vari akaronga newokuti mumwe ari puranga, pazasi pasuwo.
2. The ejector ane nzvimbo kuruboshwe, kuti katuriji nyaya kungapfuurira kurutivi rworuboshwe.
3. Kuti dzinoita fiyuzi bhokisi anofanira vadzoserwa pasi.
4. Rukungiso bhaa mashandiro ane kwokunze nzvimbo. It riri pamatanda kurudyi.
5. A pachena chepfungwa pfuti "Walther P-38" - iri pfupi bhaudhi huru buri pamusoro. Ichi gedhi Magadzirirwo ifaniro yevashandi vechiuto. Pamusana kwaari, zvinokwanisika kuti vabereke moto achishandisa pakuongorora mutswe, riri dzokurwa.

nepfuti mhando "Walther P-38" uye ayo okunatsiridza

1. Walther AR - kumumvuri, 1936, HP - zvikabva wechipiri.
2. Pistol P-38 ( "Walter"). Makore kugadzirwa kubva 1939 kusvikira kuchitubu 1945. Kubva mukupera 1945 kusvika 1946 kubva kare kugadzirwa zvikamu rakaitwa kunyange vashoma kwepfuti muenzaniso uyu. Zvino, kubvira 1957 kusvika 2004, chombo yaigadzirwa zvinoverengeka munzvimbo dziri Federal Republic of Germany.
3. "Walter P-38.K" - kupfuura ano shanduro chivhorovhoro ane kupfupiswa kuti 72 mm ari dhiramu. Akanga arayira muna 1944 Reich Security utariri nomumwe madhipatimendi zvombo DM mudonzvo weSS uye Gestapo. Firm Spree-Werke GmbH akaita asunungurwa zviuru zvakawanda pfuti muenzaniso uyu. Pamberi pameso yakaitwa chomumba pasuwo-casing uye ane chikamu chacho. Asi kunyatsochengetwa kuchinja chaitika. Pfuti "P-38.K" by Walther chitambi unotsiva cyq. Kwapera nguva, muenzaniso uyu raishandiswa zvombo Ushumiri weHurumende Security muna GDR. Munguva kubva muna 1974 kusvika 1981 ne "Walter Vaffenfabrik" zvinodiwa Anti-magandanga anokosha mauto vashandi muGermany akasunungurwa anenge 1500 pfuti "P-38.K". Uye 200 vavo aishandiswa katuriji caliber 7,65 "Parabellum".

walther Umarex

"Umareks Walter" - mhepo chivhorovhoro caliber 4,5 mm. Producer - kambani German Umarex. Kutaura zvazviri, muenzaniso uyu - kopi vaizviona vachizvitakudza firearm pfuti "P-38", anobudiswa muna 1938 uye akava mumwe zvikuru nevanhu zvombo WWII. Chitarisiko zvombo ano zvakarurama akadzokorora ayo kumumvuri yekare. Air Gun "Walter PPK S" ( "Umareks") chakagadzirwa ferro alloys. Inoshandisa hurongwa "Bloubek". It makopi kuti "Walter" chiito zvaitika nepfuti muchiso. Air chivhorovhoro ari nepokuongorora chikungiso chinhu chimwe chete chiito. Kunoitawo kuti kuita rokutanga kukupfura. Shop "Walter P-38" ( "Umareks") akabata 20 balls. Kuzvibaya ane kutanga velocity vanenge 115-120 m / s. The kukura pfuti - 21 X 13 x 3 masendimita bvisika hunde -. Chimwe akakurumbira chinhu, chine chombo.

Model "P-99m"

Pistol "Walter" zvinorwadza ndiyo nani shanduro kwakadai chombo. Iyi haisi kutendeuka zvombo zvehondo Walther P-99. muenzaniso uyu akazviratidza kusvika panguva iyoyo pamwe dzechimwe pfuti "Walther PP". Panyaya iyi, kwaiva kupikiswa mumwe maoko. Okufananidza maitiro kwepfuti izvi ndizvo zvinenge zvakafanana. Vose mhando shandisa chete simba uye sashanda zvombo. The huru misiyano - pakuonekwa uye uwandu panguva tema cartridges. On ekupedzisira nguva undisputed mutungamiri, nemhaka yakakura chitoro kuti 15 vaitenderera ndiye "Walter" - chivhorovhoro "P-99m." Zvisinei, mumwe mukana chinokosha haagoni kunzi, nekuti kana munhu bara haasi kukwanisa kumisa muvengi, vose 15 hazvigoni kunzi yakavimbika kudzivirira vazvidzivirire. Chitarisiko dzechimwe pfuti "Walther P-99m" runako inonakidza uye anoyevedza. Chaizvoizvo, zviri rwuno uye ndiyo dzevakawanda nokuda kwayo dzinoshanda zvechadenga "Walter" (pfuti) hakurevi kusangana zvizere zvinodiwa inoda. Somuenzaniso, akadai vakasununguka nazvo uye vakapfeka nyaradzo. "Walter" chivhorovhoro "P-99m", ane avhareji kukura. Kudivi rimwe, haagoni kunzi muhomwe, nekuti hapana munhu mureza muhomwe nayo hahuzozadziki. Asiwo makuru mienzaniso zviri zvakare zvisingaiti kutakura. Weight dzechimwe pfuti, Vongai miduku pane simbi chiwanikwa zviri 600 g, inova 1.5 nguva uremu muenzaniso P-22T. ndinoiitawo pfuti "Walther P-99m" ndiro simba. Izvi imhaka nokushandiswa ari zvaAtemisi aruminiyamu chiwanikwa maoko uye kushaya mawindo vari redzimba-gedhi. Zvisinei, chikungiso pfuti iri rakagadzirwa kuti chiwanikwa, zvokuti hazvina kunyanya kubatwa siyana kusvibiswa uye kuchenesa, izvo zvinozoita zvakonzera duku nguva kururama kwemashoko chikungiso maatomu akafanana.

P-88, P-99

Pistol "Walter" (gasi) - ane analoginen of muenzaniso rechiuto. Asarudza kuwana zvombo zvakadaro, zvakakosha kutevera vamwe mitemo. Chokutanga, kuvhurika kavha pamwe gasi asati cartridges chokunze divi rayo rinofanira kuongororwa kuvapo chena kana yellowish upfu. Kana vasabatwa kwayo, bhokisi hauna varumbidzwa kuvhura, kubva kuvapo Dombo anoratidza leakage cartridges. Uyezve, kana kutenga vanofanira kutarisa mugadziri wacho rokuti pamusoro Chikwata pamusoro pasi liner, uyewo tarisa kuti zvaidiwa chaiko zviri mashoko kavha.