Doctors munguva 1941-1945 Great Patriotic War nguva. zvokurapa Feat Kukuru Patriotic War

Medics muna WWII akaratidza kufanana heroism, kushinga uye ushingi pane varwi, vafambisi vengarava, airmen, vakuru uye vashandi kubva pamba mberi. Girl mukoti pamusoro kusimba pamafudzi vakatakura varwi vakakuvadzwa, vanachiremba vakashanda siku nesikati, pasina tichisiya varwere, vemishonga kuita zvose zvinobvira kupa mukuru-waivako mberi mishonga iri raida uwandu. Paiva chiedza post, chinzvimbo, nzvimbo basa - mumwe nomumwe n'anga chabatsira.

Kwehondo

basa Medical, uyewo hondo yose uye akaenda kuhondo muna ezvinhu waro kwakaerekana Pazvinotanga. mabasa mazhinji zvainanga avandudze kutarisirwa utano uye zvokushandisa, vakanga vachiri zvikurukuru kwete apera. maruwa Divisions muganhu tiite vaimbopota ane shoma dziripo mishonga, maturusi uye midziyo. The zvikuru Feat kuvarapi panguva Great Patriotic War, Rinotarisira mu chakanyanya kuoma ezvinhu kuponesa utano uye upenyu varwi uye vanhuwo zvavo.

Kubva pazuva hondo yokutanga nayo anosika Makakatanwa nzvimbo sezvo nerubatsiro zviripo mauto, uye pakubudiswa zvokurapa michina indasitiri. The chikuru matura mishonga, pakuvhiya, dressings, kusimbiswa pamuganhu mumatunhu, vasina nguva kutora kunze. nouchapupu rakawanda zvokurapa zvokushandisa, izvo chinangwa kuumbwa uye kutumirwa zviyero nemasangano zvave akarasika.

Pasinei noutano dzokuchengetera, nemhaka umhare basa uye incredible zvinoitwa vakapukunyuka vemishonga uto dzokuchengetera mutsetse pamberi akabviswa anopfuura 1200 ngoro eutano yesangano kusvikira kunyika kurutivi rwemberi.

Experience zvikaramba ropa

Zviomere nyika muna 1941 akagumisa akanga akamirirwa kwenguva refu chikuru kukunda of Red Army wokutanga muhondo nezvakawanda nokuda Moscow. Zvinonzi kunyanya kuratidzwa zvakajeka wezvokurapa Feat Kukuru Patriotic War. Photos of nguva akabatwa footage evadzimi anonunurwa kubva pasi sechamupupuri moto uye kubhomba medics nevakoti. Paiva kakawanda kacho kana vakashinga akamufukidza vakakuvadzwa, asingaregi upenyu. Kuwanda yezvokurapa basa basa nokuda unbiased nhamba. imwe mari wezvokurapa michina huru akanga apedza panguva Hondo Moscow:

• Chete pamusoro wokumavirira pamberi vanopfuura mamiriyoni 12 metres kubva gauze.
• KuKalinin uye fronts Western vakapedza matani anopfuura 172 kubva gypsum.
• Zvinowanzoshandiswa akaisawo "vakuvara", iro regimental uye divisional, yaiva chinokosha mishonga, serums, sutures, syringes. Nechemberi kurutivi dzokuchengetera of Western Front muuto yakapiwa 583 anoita 169 anoita regimental uye divisional.

Nzira kuronga mishonga iri Moscow pakurwa, muchidimbu musangano iri Red Army GVSU 12-15 April 1942, akabvumira zvikuru akabudirira kushandisa urongwa revarwi uye zvokurapa masangano haizopereri kushanda muhondo.

Nokuti isu Moscow!

Medics muna WWII uye ndakadzidza kushanda zvinobudirira maererano kudzivirira (shure), uye vari kurwisa, uye nokukurumidza Kubudirira ari kudzika guru mberi. Munzira dzakawanda, munhu anokosha ruzivo yave awana munguva refu kuramba kudzivirira kwaizotevera pakaunda-tsamwisa munharaunda Moscow. The Battle of Moscow akabvumira kuchinja sangano kuchishandiswa urongwa mauto ari kuchinja kubva kuzvidzivirira zviito kuita zvinogumbura akavhiyiwa pasi zvine urongwa pamwero.

Kunyange asati hondo kuzvidzivirira panguva guru yezvokurapa basa Western uye Bryansk fronts unomushandira nesimba kuisa kuitira mauto avo uye pfuma, zvange yekudyidzana simba inorema nezvinhu mumwedzi maviri hondo yokutanga. Cherechedzai yaifanira kubhadharwa kuti staffing dzokurapa vamapoka regiments nekupatsanurana vanamukoti uye orderlies, navarindi vemikova.

nechemberi

Pane zvakawanda zvinhu pamusoro medics Kukuru Patriotic War, kwete dai hwavo kutakura vyvoloch, angambosvika kuunza vakakuvadzwa kubva kuhondo kuchipatara. Ndaifanira kushanda pasi moto, pakupisa uye mvura, mumatope uye chando.

Zvikurukuru simba rakanga rakaoma kubviswa yavakakuvadzwa ane yakadzika snowpack. Naizvozvo, chakavimbika kupfuura utsanana motokari, kunyanya panguva blizzards uye chando kufamba kwemhepo vakanga sleigh. Uye kwete chete nokuda chokufambisa yavakakuvadzwa kune regimental vanachiremba nzvimbo (PHC), asi kazhinji kuti kubvisa kwavo kubva PMP kusvika divisional yekuongororwa. Wakatanga zvakajeka faniro kuva akakodzera nzira kusimbisa Links sezvo chikamu yezvokurapa basa. nzira dzakadaro vava zvaisanganisira vanachiremba mauto basa Equestrian utsanana kambani, hwezvekukurukurirana zvikuru nokukurumidza kubvisa.

zvipatara

vanachiremba Military muHondo Yenyika II ezviuru vakashanda muzvipatara. Somuenzaniso, munguva 1941-1942. Chete nemauto Western Front yakanga 50 munda zvipatara uye 10 Mobile evakopriemnikov anokwana inokwana 15,000 yakazara mibhedha. Hospital mujinga Western Front yakanga muAtlantic mu echelons maviri maviri kubvisa mirayiridzo. The zvachose Kukwanisa muchipatara pechingoro yakasvika 42,000 mibhedha. In wokutanga weDanho vari advantageously muAtlantic munda muzvipatara, uye ayo weDanho rechipiri - anenge chete kubvisa zvipatara.

Feat medics Kukuru Patriotic War ndiko ravo udyire zuva basa. Basic kuitwa dzokurapa basa vakaitwa kuti vave nechokwadi kuti nekukurumidza kutama akuvara uye vanorwara kubva munzvimbo dzaiva pasi pangozi kubatwa nomuvengi, ichipa zvokurapa rubatsiro. A chinokosha yakawanda achifamba akuvadzwa, uye avhareji kukuvadza kukuvara vakaramba mubasa. Rinokosha zvokurapa nezvinhu, izvo akatambura kubva pakutanga pakaunda-tsamwisa nevarwi kuKalinin uye fronts Western, kwakaita kuti kutambira zvinenge 150-200 wakakuvadzwa pazuva, uye mumazuva zvikuru kurwa - kusvika 350-400.

Pharmacies

Doctors Kukuru Patriotic War (1941-1945) vakarwa kwete chete pamusoro fronts. matambudziko akakomba, dzimwe nguva rinorema kwazvo, akapa logistics Pharmacies mishonga zvinokosha. Kuita mabasa ari mishonga akanga kuoma ndechokuti anoyevedza kukupfura kuti vemishonga, vanachiremba vakasiya kuti hondo. Kuwanda vemishonga kushanda Pharmacies, yadonhedzera nehafu muna 1941-1942.

The vakaronga nerubatsiro chemishonga ngetani zvigadzirwa, mishonga zvakakomba kwakakanganiswa: ruzhinji makambani vanachiremba indasitiri zvakaparadzwa kana anobviswa. With pakatanga Hondo Yenyika II uto chemishonga vashandi ne vemishonga ainyanya chakagadzirirwa kuunganidza yacho chengetedza. Vazhinji vavo vakanga yechipiri mishonga dzidzo uye haana vakashumira muchiuto. A rinokosha yevashandi vari vakadzi, akapedza kudzidza pfupi nguva yokudzidza muzvikoro chemishonga. A nhamba mapango vari Pharmacies vakanga vakabatikana vakashinga.

matambudziko akanyanya noruzivo vakuru vemauto kuti Pharmacies mune mumwe munhu anomiririra zvose tsvimbo nzvimbo. Kuwedzera mabasa avo nemazvo, vaifanira vemishonga uye epamba. Sami rakanyorwa mapepa akapiwa mishonga, sterilized zvinogadzirisa, chemishonga pavaisuka ndiro. Zvino mauto zvinodiwa achigadzirira uye kushandiswa mishonga aifanira kudzidza pamusoro vanoenda. Mupiro kuvarapi panguva Great Patriotic War kwaikosha kwete chete nechemberi, asiwo chemishonga Network.

muenzaniso basa

Nhoroondo Second World War nezvi- chokwadi, basa rimwe munhu kunokanganisa zvaitika zviuru. Brunt pakuponesa upenyu uye kuramba kukwanisa kushanda varwi akakuvara pamafudzi vanachiremba vanovhiya Kukuru Patriotic War. Photo kusiyaniswa vanachiremba vanogona kuonekwa anodhinda nhau, mamiziyamu, Indaneti. The muenzaniso unoshamisa chiremba uye murongi Vasiliya Vasilevicha Uspenskogo.

chiremba ane unyanzvi akatungamirira Kashin yoruwa muchipatara pashure basa rake chizvarwa kuKalinin (zvino Tver). Panguva iyoyo akanga ari chiremba ari muchipatara, mazano kubvisa zvipatara muAtlantic muguta Kashin, misha pedyo uye anobviswa kuchipatara romunharaunda veguta. Ndiye vakavhura ari kunozivikanwa mutyairi wendege-gamba A. P. Mareseva. Pachipatara Vasily Kashin akaronga Blood Transfusion Station uye vezvesayenzi n'anga.

Muna 1943, V. Uspensky akadzokera kuKalinin, uko akaronga chipatara chaiyo, kuburikidza icho akapfuura vana vanopfuura 3,000 tsika ndege kubva yomuvengi rwemberi. chipatara ichi chevana yaizivikanwa kunyange kunze kwenyika. Kunyanya, ushumiri kubvuma nechido akapindura Mai Clementine Churchill - mudzimai British Prime Minister.

Kuchengeta ziso

Muhondo maronda uye kukuvara ziso kwakaitika kakawanda. Pakati varwi vakakuvadzwa vakanga zvakaipa, chakaita kuti kupfuura nhamba varwere shrapnel uye bara maronda kunosiyana nekuomarara uye achida kuvhiyiwa. Chete muzvipatara Saratov munguva yehondo, vanachiremba specialized ophthalmic mahofisi uye makiriniki zvirwere ziso zvakabatsira kudzorera maziso pavarwere vakuvara 1858 uye 479.

Chinokosha mupiro pokumuka nzira okurapwa muhondo kana zvinokuvadza ziso, uyewo kuongororwa uye kurapwa kukuvara ziso panguva chipatara mutsigiro vane tsvimbo weDhipatimendi uye Clinic kuti Ophthalmology, akatungamirirwa Professor I. A. Belyaevym. Saratov vanachiremba muHondo Yenyika II yekudyidzana nani chirwere uye nzira dzokurapa pane anogumbura nezvirwere ziso, nezuva muitiro ophthalmologists kushandisa michina mitsva.

Kugadzirisa dambudziko pamwe yokushomeka mishonga

zvokurapa heroism munguva Great Patriotic Hondo uye wakaratidzwa rwemberi. The nyika akasangana kusachengeteka kukuru kuperevedza mishonga, saka basa raiva ndiponesezve neindasitiri inogadzira mishonga, kazhinji kacho wakaparadzwa pakutanga hondo. Munguva pfupi chokuendesa mishonga akakwanisa kumisa.

Izvi akwanise ne:

• Kufambira vakawanda emakambani kwemakemikari-neindasitiri inogadzira mishonga muCentral Asia. Izvi zvakatungamirira kuti paumbwe rokumabvazuva boka kwemakemikari uye neindasitiri inogadzira mishonga, iyo yaakatorera pamusoro huru mutoro kupa somushonga nzira.
• Nyika kubatsira Anti-yechiFascist bloc. Kushandira Pamwe akabvumira kuti kugomo iri setup chakasimba kusunungurwa streptotsida, Sulfidine uye sulfazola, ethyl chloride uye pasoda pharmacopoeia.
• Reorientation vasiri chinoumba mabhizimisi indasitiri. Kubva ezvinhu kuperevedza dressings vakabatsira fekitari Whitehead Textile maindasitiri, iro rakatanga kubereka dzokurapa gauze. Uyewo, mabhizimisi akawanda makemikari indasitiri yakatanga anunure utano zviremera ampoule zvinodhaka: adrenaline, caffeine, shuga, morphine, uye nezvimwe pantopon.
• Kuzvitsinhanisa wakareruka Pharmaceuticals makwenzi. Chete Muchirimo 1942 kwave aunganidzwa anenge 50 matani matatu nematanhatu marudzi makwenzi. Masayendisiti anosikwa iri nzira yokutsiva yezvokurapa donje mvere peat chikwindi, sphagnum chikwindi uye emisipiresi wakasimuka mafuta kunyudza pachinzvimbo zvetsika uye omusidhari zvakatanga kunetsa.

Development mishonga mitsva

Female vanachiremba muHondo Yenyika II akaita mupiro kunoshamisa kuti budiriro mishonga itsva zvikuru aibudirira. A chinokosha budiriro aiva pakuunganidza boka remasayendisiti Soviet vaitungamirirwa Professor Z. V. Ermolevoy mimwe kuti penicillin rokutanga. Zvokutsvakurudza chikwata inoitwa Ermoleva kudzidza kuchirapa mugumisiro itsva zvinodhaka "kuti penicillin krustozin VIEM" mu maronda uye muchikuvadza yematambudziko mumunda muchipatara, pedyo Battlefields, muzvipatara zviri shure.

Central Institute of Epidemiology uye zvidukuduku, uko inotungamirwa Professor MK Krontovskaya, nyanzvi Nzira kuti typhus mushonga kugadzirwa. Vanhu Commissariat of USSR akaziva kuti kunobatsira pakurwisa typhus achakatsamwira iyoyo, uye akasarudza kushandisa serum idzva iri hombe pamwero.

Scientific Kuwanikwa nyika kukosha kwaiva kukura mushandi ari Leningrad Institute of Blood Transfusion, Professor G. L. Bogomolov nzira Ndinoda-kuomesa kwakaita plasma. Akanga mukana vasingazivi boka ropa akuvara kuti kuisira makuru mishonga ane mushonga unonzi "yeplasma pakaoma" kubva anyatsoronga. In nzira iyi, anyatsoronga ropa riri kuchinjwa kuva upfu iyo inochengeterwa kwenguva refu uye zvifambiswe zvakanaka.

Feat vanamukoti

Panguva WWII kudiwa kwavanamukoti hwaderera. Zvinoenderana Health Mutero mubasa nokukurumidza kudzidziswa roukoti netsvimbo. Kusvikira 1945 ICRC akadzidzisa dzokurapwa orderlies pamusoro 500,000, 300,000 vanamukoti, vanopfuura 170 000 vanachiremba. Achitarira rufu kumeso, ivo noushingi akatamisira vakakuvadzwa kubva Battlefields uye vanovabatsira.

Unogona kutaura umhare mabasa, achitarisa njodzi vanamukoti rechiuto Marines Ekaterina Demina. Mboni kumba vana, iye muDare yezvokurapa bhodhi "Red Moscow", iro ferried vakakuvadzwa kubva Stalingrad kuna Krasnovodsk. Life neshure akakurumidza vakaneta, Catherine akasarudza kuva mukoti 369 yoga rechiuto kuti Zvikepe. Pakutanga, paratroopers vakatora inotonhorera musikana, asi iye vatiremekedze. Nokuti nguva dzose Catherine kwakaponesa vanopfuura 100 vakakuvadzwa, akaparadza anenge 50 vaFascist, uye iye aiva 3 akakuvadzwa. E. I. Deminu akati vakawanda mibayiro.

Muna Second World War akabudirira Red Cross yakakunda kukurumidza kudzidza ravanamukoti uye orderlies, uye kuzvipira, mutsa uye rudo Yababa akabatsira vashandi utano kupa vakakuvadzwa kupora uye mudzokere mberi. Saka, kuita zvose zvinobvira kuhwina.

afterword

vanachiremba Soviet Kukuru Patriotic War, zvishamiso, pfekai tsoka varwi vakuvara. Maererano nenhamba kubva muzvipatara zvedu munyika iri zvishandiswezve anopfuura 70% akabvuma kuti anorapwa. Somuenzaniso: chiremba German akakwanisa kudzokera kuhondo, chete anenge 40% yavakakuvadzwa.