Kuti vakaparidza nevanyengeri? Sezvo Catholic Church akarwa Vatsauki?

Muzana IV remakore BC. e. Emperor Constantine akashandura chitendero chechiKristu kutambudzwa pamutemo wokurera kwose kwose yakakura hweRoma. Pashure paizvozvo anotambudzwa uye akadzvinyirira vateveri chiKristu vakatanga pachavo kuramba uye vavengi vavo, Kutaura navo unorthodox unorthodox zvitendero. Panguva iyoyowo, bhishopu weRoma yakatanga kwegadziriro maonero uye pfungwa, izvo akazova nheyo dzeRoma. Chinhu harwuwire pasi ino akazvidzwa, uye gare gare utsinye kutambudzwa. Vanhu havabvumirani kwakajairika zvechitendero, vainzi vanyengeri masayendisiti pachavo makadanirwa dzidziso.

Social zvinokonzera dzidziso dzakatsauka

The kwaita dzakatsveyama muchiKristu Kazhinji chokuita magariro uye pfungwa kuchinja kwakaitika muupenyu vaKristu panguva zvitambudzo. The varombo zvikamu vokuparidzira kutsvaka munyika itsva kuyanana uye kuenzana chitendero. Naizvozvo, zvishoma nezvishoma vapfume kwevafundisi, nokusimbaradza yacho administrative kutanga kudzokera shure panguva kutambudzwa vasingagoni kuunza mhosva pamusoro chikamu zvavo vatendi. In varombo zvikamu vemo vakaramba kurarama nevatambi vanozvininipisa uye nyore upenyu yechiKristu. Dzinopikisana kufara zvavo, siyana kududzirwa dzidziso dzechiKristu uye mukuru Kusagutsikana upenyu wevafundisi yakakwirira izere uye zvakasimbisa kuti chidzoke uye kupararira pfungwa kuti akaparidza Vatsauki naye yeRoma dzakarwiwa refu uye ropa hondo.

Dare reNicaea

Mugore 313, mambo Constantine rakapa haazorambi Act, maererano uko vagari vose vane rusununguko rwokunamata. Gwaro iri, pashure kunzi mutemo pamusoro Milan, Chokwadi, chakaratidza chiKristu sechitendero dzakazara. Zvadaro, muna 325, akatora Ecumenical Council muna reNicaea, izvo rokutanga vakanzwa shoko "manyepo". Yokutanga akanzi muhedheni Bishop Arius, vakanga vaiona mumwe mbiru chiKristu. Arius akadzidzisa Creation, chesekondari, Jesu akafananidza Mwari. Orthodox somunhu kuenzana pakati Mwari naJesu Kristu, izvo gare gare vakaumba hwaro dzidziso yoUtatu. Arius nevateveri vake, rinonzi evaArian vaiva vatakuri pfungwa kuti akaparidza vemanyepo yokutanga.

Century pasina Vanyengeri

Muna 384 akaurayiwa Priscillian - wokupedzisira vaya pamutemo mhosva kutenda kwake muna hweRoma. Asi chiratidzo uye nzira yokusimbisa vakuru akasiya nhaka ichi simba mamiriro enyika, yeRoma neChechi wokurera uye ari kushingaira kushandiswa. Catholicism emakore haana kuteerera akasiyana kududzirwa Testamende Itsva, uye kushingaira mhindu marudzi European kuchiKristu. Yakanga chete pashure paumbwe Carolingian Empire - kureva pamwe nokusimbaradza Panyanzvi simba, panguva kwezana zvemakore, yeRoma aiva chitendero zvinowanzoitwa, uye yaMakoronike uye renhoroondo dzamadzimambo nguva apiwa akazviratidza shoko "manyepo".

zvinokonzera

The mamongi, vaigara pakutanga mumireniyamu yechipiri, kazhinji akarondedzera rinoporesa kugona zvinoera vatsvene uye dzakasiyana-siyana zvishamiso zvichiitika vatendi. Muzvinyorwa izvi uye vakawana zvikuru disapproving panotaurwa vaya achinyomba rinoreva Mutsvene zvisaririra, zvichida Vatsauki vokutanga vaiva vanhu vasina kuziva "zvishamiso matsvene." paanokutsvinyira izvi kwakatanga kupinda okutsutsumwa kwakaitika nezita Gospel - Vhangeri unyoro, kururamisira, urombo uye kuzvininipisa, Evhangeri nevaKristu vokutanga uye vaapostora. maonero avo, ayo vakaparidza vemanyepo, inobva chouparidzi pfungwa kufungisisa, mu pfungwa dzavo, ndiSatani chaiye chiKristu.

Kutanga nokutambudzwa

Maererano Ages yenhau, yaMakoronike, vaya vainzi muhedheni, vachiramba simba dzemakanzuru, akaramba kubhabhatidzwa kwevacheche, havana kuziva sakaramendi hwokuroorana uye kureurura. First kuburuka dzakaitika muenzaniso sei kereke achinetseka vanyengeri, dating 1022 gore. Mitsara vakapiswa Orleans vaitsoropodza vakauya kuvana musimboti zvakataurwa vachiparidza. Vanhu ava havana kuziva chimiso sakaramendi, rubhabhatidzo kwakaitwa nomumwe kuturika maoko, akaramba kunamatwa Kuroverwa. Haukwanisi zvokufungidzira kuti Vatsauki vaiva vanhu kubva nechezasi strata vemo. Mukupesana, vakaurayiwa remwoto kutanga raumbwa panguva zvomudzimu madzibaba, kushandisa dzidziso kuzviruramisa kuparadzana kwavo.

Chirango muna Orleans akazarura nzira kupfuura utsinye udzvanyiriri. Pakurwisa vehunyengeri dzakaparira moto mu Aquitania uye Toulouse. To mabhishopi akauya munharaunda yose vahedheni vakataura pamberi Ecclesiastical mavanze Bhaibheri muruoko, achitsanangura uye achiratidza mashoko kubva Holy Scriptures rakarurama kuti akaparidza vemanyepo. Sezvo yeKaturike akarwa Vatsauki, pachena kubva zvakazvinakira Ecclesiastical vatongi. Mujeri zvizere simba akaenda moto, izvo haana kana vana kana vakwegura. Moto mu Europe - wakajeka muenzaniso sei kereke achinetseka vanyengeri.

Muzana XII remakore, moto inopiswa Rhine munyika. Vanyengeri vaiva vazhinji kuti mumongi Evervin De Steynfeld akakumbira rubatsiro kubva Cistercian mumongi Bernard, ane mukurumbira kupindirana uye kwoutsinye aitambudza vahedheni. Pashure pamwero mukuru mhirizhonga uye vachirwisa moto inopiswa Cologne. Matare kuferefeta uye mitsetse vaitsoropodza vakanga vasisiri kuisa mhosva zvouroyi uye unzenza, asi akaramba pachena pfungwa vasingabvumirani Vatsauki kubudikidza Orthodox pfungwa. Mhosva uye mutongo, "vaapostora Satani" akatora rufu rwake zvokuti noushingi kuti akaita nehanya uye vanonyunyuta revanhu chipo panguva pomoto.

kunowanzotangira pedzidziso

Pasinei nokutsamwa udzvanyiriri wechechi, paiva muhomwe pedzidziso Europe yose. Yakakurumbira yokuti hunyambiri, sezvo hondo pakati pezvakanaka nezvakaipa, yakazviwanira mhepo yechipiri muna vemanyepo dzenzvimbo. duality musimboti rakanga kuti nyika haina kusikwa naMwari, uye ngirozi dzakapanduka - Lucifer, ndokusaka pane kwakawanda zvakaipa, nzara, rufu uye chirwere. Pakupera XII remakore hunyambiri kwainzi rimwe zvakakura dzidziso. Pfungwa hondo pakati ngirozi yakanaka uye zvakaipa, uye dragoni, dzakanga dzapararira vokutanga Middle Ages, asi hondo pamwe pfungwa iyi chechi rakatanga zvikuru gare gare. Izvi imhaka yokuti vari XII remakore, akasimbisa youmambo uye Ecclesiastical simba mu Europe, upenyu huri akagadzikana, uye duality nheyo - kutambura - rava zvisingakoshi uye kunyange ngozi. Nesimba raMwari, uye saizvozvo Church - chinhu icho inoshora pedyo nechechi, uye kuti akatakura ngozi nokusimbaradza dzeRoma.

Kupararira pedzidziso

Muzana XII remakore chikuru nzvimbo dzenyika vaionekwa manyepo muna Southern Europe. Community yakavakwa mufananidzo Catholic Church, asi, mukusiyana vafundisi veOrthodox mune basa iri chechi hwakapiwa kunzvimbo nevakadzi. Vanyengeri kuMiddle Ages akadana "varume vakanaka" uye "mukadzi akanaka." Historians Kwapera nguva akatanga kudana kwavari Cathars. zita iri rinobva yeMiddle Ages, shoko cattier rakashandurwa sezvo muroyi, akakotamira katsi.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti Cathars vaiva yavo zvitendero akabata makanzuru dzavo, rokutsvaka zvakawanda vateveri. Kana France uye Germany vanoparadzwa Kupikisa chipande, ipapo muItaly uye Languedoc Cathars kuwedzerwa uye kwakasimbisa nawo. Mhuri dzakawanda vanokudzwa nguva kupfeka kutenda chitsva uye vakapiwa zvokudya uye pokugara vachitambudzwa co-vezvitendero uye kuparadzira dzidziso avo kuti vakaparidza vemanyepo.

Sezvo Catholic Church akarwa Vatsauki

Pakutanga yacho XIII remakore. akakwira papa choushe kubudikidza Innocent III, chinangwa rakanga kubatanidza zvose European nyika, kudzoka munyika wokumaodzanyemba European kune wemamongi chechi. Pashure dzakatevedzana kukundikana yeKaturike, kutora pamusoro masimba ose kutsakatisa manyepo, uye akapinda kwamambo kweFrance, akatungamirira kushingirira pamusoro vaitsoropodza. Makore makumi maviri tisanzwa hondo, vakawanda sezvavakapisira vanhu zvakatungamirira kuti wakakwana takeover pamusoro Languedoc uye chakasimwa kutenda Catholic. Asi pakanga mhuri yose uye nemunharaunda vanhu vaichengeta pachivande tsika yemadzitateguru avo uye akaramba nechisimba. Kwaiva kuziva uye aizotsakatisa vapanduki wakadzikwa Raibvunzurudza.

vachinzvera

Muna 1233 kwebasa raPapa akasika muviri chaiyo, iyo vaiva nekodzero kumanikidza kutendeuka kuranga vasingateereri. Raibvunzurudza simba hwakatamisirwa Franciscans uye Republic, vaitakura ari Southern Nyika mharidzo itsva, kunobva zvinodavirwa muchitendero yeRoma. Pane zvinotyisa yakavhurika zvombo Raibvunzurudza akashandisa okushora uye kuchera sechinhu kuziva uye kuparadza vasingateereri. Tichienzanisa gobvu yaiuya wokupedzisira dare rechechi vakauraya shoma, asi zvakaipisisa waizova ake. Simple vanopfidza aigona kubvisa kutorerwa pfuma uye kutendeuka paruzhinji vaya vaidzivirira kodzero yavo nokutenda, matongero moto. Havazivi tsitsi kunyange vakafa - avo mapfupa exhumed uye pasi nokupisa.

Nokudaro, Catholic Church uye Vatsauki vaiva muhondo dzisakarurama mumwe uye kutenda chete, nokuti mumwe Mwari chete. Nhoroondo yose yeRoma kuva chiedza moto vakafira kutenda. Kuparadzwa nezvevanyengeri vakashumira sezvo humwe uchapupu, setisina simba chechi muzita raKristu, kuti aparadze mumwe, kuti simba, Chechi.