Vagari vemuNyika Itsva ndehuti

Iyo jasi-jira kana nenyuchi (chinyorwa chemhuka chinogona kuonekwa munyaya ino) ndechekusungwa kwemakonzo kubva kumhuri yezvipfuwo. Kune 4 genera, iyo maererano nedzimwe dheta inobatanidza 12 marudzi, uye mune vamwe - 23. Chikamu chikuru chezvipenyu chinogara kuSouth America, kubva kuchamhembe kweArgentan kusvika Ecuador neMexico. Ikoko vakaonekwa munguva yeOligocene. MuNorth America, mhando imwe chete inoparadzirwa - porkupin, inogara imomo kubva pakuguma kwePliocene.

Mhuka, nenyuchi, iyo inotenderera nemarudzi, inoreva majee ari mukati kana makuru. Kureba kwomuviri kunopararira kubva pa 45 kusvika ku 90 cm, uye uremu hunogona kusvika 18 kg. Mumuviri wake mukuru wakafukidzwa nechepamusoro-bvudzi mutsvuku, pamuswe unochinja kuva bristle. Nyeredzi dziri nenyuchi dziri mumumuswe wemuswe uye kumashure kwemhuka, kureba kwayo kunogona kubva kubva pa2,5 kusvika ku11 cm.Porcupine miti ine muswe wakareba uye wakasimba.

Vagari vemo musango munzvimbo dzinotonhora uye dzinonaya dzinogara. Yakanyatsogadziriswa kuhupenyu pamiti. Iyo yakakosha, kunyange zvishoma nezvishoma, inokwira pamusoro pavo, dzimwe mhando dzinoronga matendere adzo mumakomba. Vamwe vanogara mumatombo ematombo kana pamidzi yemiti mikuru. Nhuni huni inoda upenyu hwega, kunyange mune dzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu inogona kubvumira muenzi kuzogara kwenguva pfupi.

Basa rezvikara izvi kunyanya rinoitika usiku neusiku. Muchitonhora mamiriro okunze, vanosarudza kugara mumasango avo. Iyo inodya pahutu hwehuni, mashizha, mashizha emiti yemifuta, michina yakasiyana-siyana, michero, zvinomera uye maruva. Izvo zvinokonzera kukwira muti 18 mamita.Vanovavhima nezvikara zvakasiyana-siyana, vangave mapoka, mhumhi ne coyotes, lynxes, mabhesi, asi muvengi mukuru kwavari ndewe mhuri yevuni. Apo gungu rinorwiswa, rinotanga kuruma uye rinoedza kutora mhondi ine nheyo. Uye zvinokonzera marwadzo anorwadza uye anopisa.

Kuwedzera kwekuberekwa mu-needle-tailed miswe yakadzika kwazvo. Mugore rimwe kubva kune imwe yevakadzi imwe calve inoberekwa, asi yakakura uye yakagadziridzwa zvakanaka. Nyoka duku dzinoberekwa namaziso akazaruka uye atova nechepamusoro. Vanowanzokwanisa kutevera amai uye kunyange kukwira miti. Mumakore ekutanga ehupenyu hwemucheche, bvudzi rake rinopera zvishoma nezvishandiso. Mukadzi wacho anonyanyisa chaizvo panguva iyi, iye pangozi pangozi haasi kungobudisa zvingano zvake, asi anotanga kubuda, kurova muvengi wake nemuswe wayo wakasimba ane nheyo dzakaputika.

Kweupenyu hwakareba izvi mhuka hadzigone kuzvirumbidza, dzinorarama makore matatu bedzi. Uye iyi ndiyo mhaka kana isina kurwiswa nechikara kana munhu. Ichokwadi ndechokuti nyama yehutu yehuni haifaniri kungofanirwa nemhuka chete, asiwo nevemunharaunda. Hapana kukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nebasa retsono kunokonzerwa. Kukanganisa kwaanogona kukonzera kukanganisa, kana kuti, panzvimbo yekurira kwemiti. Dzimwe nguva, anogona kuenda kumunda wemunda kune zviyo, asi achawedzera kukura kupfuura kudya. Mhuka idzi dzinonakidza munyu uye dzinogona kudonhera mumadziro mutende remunhu kuti dziwane mafuta kana mamwe mararamiro emunyu, kunyange zvipfeko zvinoputika zvomunhu zvichaenda. Pakutanga, ganda rehuni rinogona kuoneka risina kunaka, asi harifaniri kutarisirwa. Mhuka yakaoma yakanyatsonaka. Semuenzaniso, masayendisiti anofanira kuedza zvakaoma kuti atsire mabheti pamapurisa anotenderera. Kuti vaite izvi, vanovhara masero acho zvakanaka mumashizha uye vanoisa maitiro mukati mavo. Asi vanhu ava vanyengeri vanoziva unyengeri uye vanoramba kunyange maapuro ane jira akaiswa kunze uko.