Unoziva akasika yokutanga yose? Kana yagadzirwa uye ndiani munyori

Chimwe Zvakawanikwa guru jogirafi ndiyo michina yacho yose, izvo zviri nyore kuyeuka nzvimbo munyanza, makungwa, makondinendi, zvitsuwa, masango anogara achinaya, magwenga uye chando zvichingodaro. Naizvozvo, ichi chinoshamisa kwakakwana dzakawanda masayendisiti munyika yose. Ikoko ane yekare uye panzvimbo kunakidza nyaya yake.

Ndiani akasika wokutanga yose? Around kuvamba ichi vachiri kubika chido.

Chii Globe?

Globe kubva rechiLatin rokuti globus rinoreva bhora.

mepu iri mufananidzo pamusoro bhora pamusoro, kuchengetedza akatodzana contours uye kukura reshiyo (dzinoungana). Siyana nenzvimbo mbiya kuti kuratidza pose, pemvura mwedzi, zvichingodaro yokudenga yose.

Pamberi paiva pfungwa pamusoro idenderedzwa Maumbirwe Earth, mbiya yokudenga rokutanga chaizvo zvakasikwa. Izvi idenderedzwa mufananidzo dzedenga, vakanga nechakare muIjipiti yekare.

Nhoroondo panowanikwa pose

First Globe yakatanga vasati munguva yedu (II- remakore), izvo akasika munhu muvambi aida nhetembo kwazvo. Raiva musayendisiti-muzivi, philologist ainzi Crathes Malossky. Kwemazuva aigona kuteerera nhetembo "The Odyssey", uye kazhinji pashure pokuteerera iye Akapayona pamepu ose nzira kuti akaenda protagonist. Uye panguva iyoyo zvakanga nechakare pamusoro idenderedzwa pezvakaita nyika, saka iye kupendwa bhora.

Kunyange nyaya iyi vachiwirirana padanho ruzivo nguva idzodzo, asi kwaiva chaiyo yose. Vomunguva, akanga zvakanaka vakaonga, asi mukati ari emakore mashomanana, pamusoro ndiani munyori pose rokutanga, yave kukanganwika.

Muna 1492 muNuremberg (Germany) wakasikwa kumwezve yose nechinangwa kuedza kufungidzira nenzvimbo Zvakawanikwa Portuguese vezvikepe. Saka, musayendisiti Martin Behaim kwaitsigirwa kuti vakatanga pose wokutanga.

The Globe ainzi "Pasi apuro". Iye aimiririra bhora yakagadzirwa nesimbi chakakura dhayamita asingapfuuri 50 cm. Zvinofanira kuzivikanwa kuti kondinendi richiri America zvakanga ndisipo, nokuda zvakawanikwa yaro Columbus pave paya. Uyewo ari panyika kumbova Latitude uye Longitude, asi pakanga dzinopisa uye meridians, uye raiva tsanangudzo pfupi nyika. Zvino wekutanga yose (1492) anochengeterwa muNuremberg Museum.

Sezvo makarekare kusvikira nhasi, vakawanda yokukosha zvikuru, kunyange chisingatarisirwi, mbiya pamwe hunoshamisa hukuru, mano uye zvinhu. Asi mbiri idzi havagoni kukundikana kutaura pano: chikuru uye kupfuura kujairika uye vakwegura.

Ndiani akasika wokutanga yose - guru munyika

The American kambani wakasika hofori yose DeLorme Eartha. Sangano iri anovandudza uye mepu GPS-wekushandisa hurongwa.

The dhayamita yepasi ndiyo 12,6 metres, inomiririra kureba ane 4-storey chivakwa. Zvino ichi yakasiyana zvisikwa iri muna Yarmouth muna America.

Globe Zirume kadhi 792 ari chaenga, akatasva pakati runovanzwa nemipande pamusoro guru pamatanda. Kwokupedzisira chaikosha rakavakwa kubva 6 zviuru pombi kubva aruminiyamu. The chiri ichi zvikuru kuvaka zvakare chokwadi kuti dzichengeterwe regirazi chivakwa, uye anotungidza kubva mukati, izvo anohupa kujairika chitarisiko.

Paaidzidzisa rwuripowo Guinness Book of Records.

American ndiye dangwe pose

Ndiani akasika wokutanga yose iri America? zvinorondedzerwa Next ndiyo chinhu chakafanana, zvakare, ndiye mukuru.

Zvakaonekwa nemasayendisiti kuti chinoitwa kubva Mhou zai sezvikamu glued shellac (dzinongoitika polymer). The kadhi pacharo riri akavezwa kupinda goko.

Asi mubvunzo ndiani akasika wokutanga yose unoratidza Americas, unogona kupindurwa, haina kuzivikanwa. Sei?

Globe kubva chihombe nemhou zai ndiro rokutanga rakanga vanoratidzwa America, uye yakaramba nanhasi. Asi zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti ndisimbise musi chaiwo uye ayo musiki, nokuda pasina nyaya chero zviratidzo uye zvikamu.

Masayendisiti pfungwa kuti Globe akasikwa mumusangano kuti Leonardo da Vinci, sezvo pane yokunyora nokudhirowa, maitiro mabasa the artist kukuru. Kumiririrwa nezvenyaya iyi nemasaini makondinendi Latin, mhuka zvakasiyana, kana kunyange murume-mukwasvi, uyo yakadonha.

Dr. Missine (philologist uye nomuteresi Makadhi) anotenda kuti kuwanikwa zvinoshanda 1504.

zvomuchadenga pose

Ndiani akasika wokutanga yokudenga yose? shanduro dzakawanda dziripo. Somuenzaniso, muna Naples pane chidhori Atlanta (machena), yomusi III-nayo remakore BC. Pamafudzi ake gamba chinobatanidza rinosvika pamwe mufananidzo zvinyamutanhatu. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti ane kumumvuri pamusoro - Globe Eudoxus kubva kuKinidho (muchiGiriki muongorori wenyeredzi).

Zvisinei, boka raivapo mashoko nezvokuvapo Pasi Globes munguva dzekare, hazvisi zvechokwadi. Saka, nokuti nharo panyaya iyi pane zvakawanda.