Thyroxine uye triiodothyronine vari synthesized maererano chii? Thyroid hormone - thyroxine uye triiodothyronine

Thyroid mahormone anobudiswa ne thyroid shwanu (SHCHZ). Thyroxine uye triiodothyronine - mbiri huru kemikari muviri, chikamu asina ayodhini atomu. mahormone aya zvinoberekwa masero ari follicular epithelium.

Basa thyroid mahormone

Thyroxine uye triiodothyronine synthesized kubva tyrosine (Alpha-amino acid) uye zvinokosha dzose pakukura nhengo.

• Tsigirai basa kufema centre.
• With yavo kupindura, akaita kudzora kupisa chizvarwa nomuviri.
• Yakachinja okisijeni muviri dzikawedzera zvinyama okisijeni kudiwa.
• Kwadzinoita simba mwoyo sunga (ionotropic kushanda).
• Chengetedza mwoyo zvazvingava (chronotropic mugumisiro).
• Nokuda thyroid kemikari raiwedzera b-adrenergic receptors mumwoyo uye skeletal tsandanyama, uye vakarongawo mune adipose zvinyama uye lymphocytes.
• Activate ari motility ari nemudumbu.
• Pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu kwetunhu siyana STRUCTURAL mapuroteni uye tishu Kusiyanisa.
• Kukurudzira kugadzirwa uye kukura kwomuviri wose.
• Kunomutsa musimboti tsinga kuita uye mhanyisa pfungwa nokushamwaridzana.
• Chengetedza ropa shuga uye kuwedzera kubatwa uye Utilisation masero ayo, nokudaro simba chirongwa glycolysis.
• Kukanganisa disintegration pamusoro adipose zvinyama (lipolysis) uye kunonotsa ayo inotungamirwa uye deposition.

Kukodzera secretion kuti thyroid mahormone ari mumuviri womunhu kunogona kutungamirira kunonoka mupfungwa uye kwomuviri.

Reongororo SHCHZ mahormone

SHCHZ chikuru mapuroteni ndiyo thyroglobulin. It kushanda template kuti paumbwe mahormone zvinoberekwa shwanu. Thyroxine uye triiodothyronine vari synthesized pahwaro thyroglobulin mapuroteni. mapuroteni ichi chine kwayo Zvinoumba vanopfuura zviuru 5. Amino asidhi residues, uye chete 18 vacho vari iodized. Thyroxine iri synthesized pamwe kutora chikamu amino asidhi residues chete 2 kusvika 4. Kuwedzera thyroglobulin, nokuti kemikari SHCHZ kushandira uye remafuta akawandisa. Saka, thyroxine uye triiodothyronine vari synthesized pahwaro remafuta akawandisa, uyewo steroid mahormone. Thyroid kemikari T4 anoitwa 10 nguva kupfuura T3.

Kemikari Triiodothyronine (T3) chakaumbwa wemishonga va- uye monoiodotyrosine mamorekuru kuti vari chikamu puroteni thyroglobulin.

Sezvo SHCHZ mahormone zvokudya kuti munyama?

Makemikari SHCHZ kusungira kuti mapuroteni eplasma, uye sezvo vakadaro zvakakumikidzwa nyama uye nhengo dzomuviri. Kune zvitatu zvikuru mapuroteni ropa kuti vanokwanisa kusunga hormone T3 uye T4:

1. TSG - thyroxine-tichisunga globulin,.
2. LSPA - thyroxine-prealbumin.
3. Sealbumin.

Padanho thyroxine uye triiodothyronine simba SHCHZ secretory basa uye anosunga nekugona serum.

Control T3 uye T4 usage rinoitwa kemikari pituitary TSH (thyroid anotokonya kemikari). Uyewo, TSH usage rinoitwa pasi pokudzora kemikari ine hypothalamic TRH (thyrotropin-kusunungura kemikari).

Free triiodothyronine (fT3)

Pauwandu hweavo fT3 ndiyo 0.25 chete% yose inowanwa ropa T3. Sezvataona, T3 muropa riri shoma zvikuru pane T4, asi, pasinei ichi, ayo isina chimiro chete hafu T4 freeform.

Zviri pachena chimiro SHCHZ mahormone anokonzera basa kwavakabva. Triiodothyronine (kemikari) zvikuru kushingaira thyroxine. Ndokusaka akasununguka azvipire ake vakawanda metabolisticheskoe unoratidza zvinoitwa thyroid mahormone.

Thyroxine: shanda

T4 pakugadzira vakaneta. Asi kana zvakafanira, anogona achifuridzirwa selenium-zvaanoda enzayemu monodeiodinase vatendeuka kuva yakawanda kushingaira T3.

Thyroxine kemikari mabasa mumuviri anoita zvakafanana rakakosha triiodothyronine. Kureva T4 ndiye anokonzera kugadzirwa vhitamini A iri chiropa, zvinosimudzira mapuroteni muviri, sei lipid (mafuta) muviri, anoita pachiyero triglycerides uye remafuta akawandisa akaipa muropa, kunokanganisa zvakakodzera paumbwe pfupa rinenge riri kunyanya kukosha vana.

Sei mumaoko pamusoro Kuongororwa pamusoro mahormone SHCHZ?

Kuti pave kudzidza chechetere SHCHZ mahormone kununura ropa zvakakwana kubva tsinga pamusoro kuongorora. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kurapwa mukamuri.

Kudzidza vakapfuura kupfuura akavimbika uye migumisiro havasi kukanganiswa nezvinenge zvaitika, mwedzi mumwe vasati kupa ropa kuti ongororo zvakafanira haabatanidzi negashiro gadziriro hormone. Ichokwadi, zvinofanira vakabvumirana nachiremba wako. Mazuva 3-5 risati pamusi rakarumbidza kuti asava zvinodhaka ane ayodhini mu murwiyo.

Pakarepo pamberi ropa zvakabudiswa murwere harifaniri kutora chero X-ray bvunzo. Pausiku kupa ropa haina pachii yakakwirira kurovedza muviri uye anonetsa ezvinhu (mitambo makwikwi, bvunzo uye zvichingodaro. D.). Vasati vapinda kudzidza uye vanopfuura pachisara murwere inokurudzirwa kugara uye kuzorora kwemaminitsi 15-30.

Normal tsika SHCHZ mahormone

Takazoziva kuti basa muviri kunoita thyroxine uye triiodothyronine, vari synthesized pachishandiswa iyo zvinoriumba, izvo zvinhu zviri kukonzera serum kwavo tichisunga, sei kuti muedzo kuti mahormone izvi. Zvino tarisai wavo wenguva kukosha, uye pasi chii nezvirwere vanogona kuwedzera kana kutapudza. Mitemo mahormone idzi dzakapiwa tafura pazasi:

Ndezvipi zvirwere inowedzera fT3?

Free triiodothyronine anogona zviwedzerwe zvinotevera zvirwere:

• Hyperthyroidism vanokosha kana yechipiri.
• T3 toxicosis zindoga.
• Thyroiditis.
• Hypothyroidism T4 nemishonga.
• Choriocarcinoma.
• nemishonga chirwere SHCHZ mahormone.
• Achideredza wevasungwa kuti thyroxine-tichisunga globulin,.
• Chirwere chiropa chirwere.
• In hemodialysis.
• Nephrotic syndrome.
• Pashure mushonga chete radioactive ayodhini.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, pane kuderera fT3?

Richikwidibira ropa fT3 kunogona kuitika mumamiriro anotevera:

• Hypothyroidism chinhu chikuru, yechipiri kana tertiary.
• Netireoidnaya zvokurwara chakakomba, kusanganisira pfungwa uye kurwara (sitiroko, myocardial uye t. D.).
• Mazhinji kutsanya kana zvokudya ane pasi kunwa mapuroteni zvokudya.
• Munguva kupora nguva pashure zvakakomba pathologies uye kushandiswa.
• Kana uncompensated chepuraimari adrenal insufficiency.
• In vakadzi vane kugara rinorema muviri.
• In iri chekupedzisira chemwedzi mitatu yenhumbu (fT3 pamwero panguva pamuviri zvishoma nezvishoma zvinoderedza kubva pakutanga trimester uye kuguma rechitatu hunowedzera raidudzwa).
• Panguva negashiro zvinotevera zvinodhaka: amiodarone, androgens, propranolol, salicylates, iodinated X-ray musiyano nevamiririri.

Uyezve, pamwaka nokufamba zvinogoneka fT3. Maximum panguva nguva kubva September kusvika February, uye vanenge mumwedzi yezhizha.

Zviratidzo hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism - imwe kukwana kwetunhu SHCHZ mahormone. Panyaya iyi, zvinotevera zvingaratidza kuitika:

• Lethargy, kurukutika uye hope.
• The chidzoke yokufutisa kuti hazvigoni kudzorwa kuburikidza muviri uye kudya.
• Constant mwoyo.
• Pangave vasanyanye muviri tembiricha kusvika 35,6 inegumi.
• Kuvava ganda, kuoma kwayo uye kuzvimba.
• Hair kurasikirwa uye dandruff chisingazivi kupfuura kunyange pashure vachishandisa medicated shambuu.
• Kuderera kwemwoyo (bradycardia).
• Kunoderedza BP.
• Kurasikirwa ndangariro uye kuita.
• Regular kupatira.
• Vakadzi vanogona kukonzera kumwedzi hadzina kufambiswa zvakanaka uye kushaya mbereko.

Zviratidzo hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism - ichi zvakawandisa kwetunhu SHCHZ mahormone. Muchiitiko chino, pane zvinotevera zviratidzo:

• Inosimudzira Nzara uye nokudaro uremu.
• General simba, pamusoro izvo zvinogona nokupenya nemotokari.
• Flabbiness uye ganda kuoma.
• Heart palpitations uye cheBP.
• Kuwedzera tembiricha muviri kusvika 37.5 inegumi.
• Kumwedzi zvirwere vakadzi uye kushaya mbereko.
• In Muzviitiko zvakaipisisa, anyatsoona kuwedzera SHCHZ uye exophthalmia.

Kudzivirira chirwere SHCHZ

The thyroid shwanu yayo mahormone kuita anokosha mashandiro muviri, saka unofanira kuongorora mamiriro muviri. Izvi zvinoitwa uchiongororwa wepagore. Kana zvakakodzera, chiremba achapa kutungamirira Ultrasound uye kemikari miedzo SHCHZ.

Kuti adzivise SHCHZ uye kemikari kushaikwa nezvirwere muviri vanofanira kuti zvinyorwe zvaunodya zvokudya mukuru ayodhini. Izvi zvinosanganisira chinenge zvomugungwa zvose (Tuna, seflounder, Sarimoni, kuti shrimp, matope), zvibereko (persimmons, mabhanana, maranjisi), muriwo (hanyanisi, gariki, zvakarungwa, eggplant). Nokutevedzera nyore mirayiridzo, unogona kuchengetedza zvachose hutano thyroid shwanu uye yose muviri.