Yegurokuro: redunhu mamiriro

Yegurokuro ari tsandanyama rakamanikana chubhu. Ndicho kupa zvokudya ichifamba. Human esophageal pakureba Unorudzi 25 masendimita. Next, funga dhipatimendi zvizere. Tsvagurudza apo yegurokuro muvanhu, izvo zvokurimisa basa. Munyaya ino uchadzidza pamusoro zvinoumba dhipatimendi ichi, uyewo mamwe inonyanya pathologies muviri.

Vhuṱanzi

Yegurokuro uye dumbu munhu - maviri anotevedzana GI. Wechipiri dererei. Rokutanga riri mune mapazi ari 6 remuromo thoracal vertebrae kusvika 11. Chii nemamiriro womunhu yegurokuro? Inoitwa zvikamu zvitatu. The dhipatimendi rinosanganisira abdominal, thoracal uye remuromo nzvimbo. Kuti zvijeke, pazasi ari yegurokuro chati munhu. The dhipatimendi varipowo sphincters - kumusoro uye pasi. Ivo kuridza basa mavharuvhu kuitira unidirectional chokubuda zvokudya zvomudumbu turakiti. Sphincters kudzivirira kupinda kuti hasha zviri kubva dumbu mukati yegurokuro, uye ipapo pharynx uye dzaiita zvokutaurwa mhango. uyewo kuderedza varipo vari dhipatimendi. All vashanu. Two aienda - pharyngeal uye diaphragmatic - vaiona anatomical. Vatatu vavo - Árbol, cardiac uye kutsemuka - ndivo vasiri. Kureva, zvavo, nemamiriro womunhu yegurokuro. Uyezve uwane Kutarira chii chinoumba ari goko muviri.

yevanhu esophageal anatomi

The dhipatimendi rine rusvingo yakavakwa pakati mucosa, submucosa, uye tsandanyama uye adventitial akaturikidzana. Last ari pamusoro kadhi aumbwa striated fibers. Inenge munharaunda 2/3 (kuverengwa kubva pamusoro) yechivako chacho inotsiviwa wakatsetseka tsandanyama. The tsandanyama rukoko aripo maviri akaturikidzana: yomukati dzeraundi dzokunze longitudinal. Mucous anofukidza sandara stratified epithelium. Ukobvu goko ichi chine mumasero kuti azarure kupinda mumuviri lumen. The mucous Kamudzira ane ganda mhando. Flat stratified epithelium riri yakanaka-faibha unobva fibers. Ichi mukati cladding rukoko anoumbwa collagen zvivako. Uyewo varipo vari epithelium uye connective zvinyama masero retikulinovye fibers. Own cladding rukoko zvaisanganisira kupinda mariri muchimiro papillae. Kazhinji, munhu esophageal anatomi iri nyore. Zvisinei, zvinokosha zvikuru, kuti mabasa vazhinji rakatangwa muna nemudumbu.

yevanhu esophageal basa

Dhipatimendi uyu anoita mabasa akawanda. In kwevanhu esophageal nerevane kuti tibu- kukwidziridzwa zvokudya. chinhu ichi chaitwa nokuda motility, tsandanyama marwadzo, kuchinja kumanikidza nerukudzo. Uyewo, pamadziro wedhipatimendi secreted madzihwa. It zvinodiridza bolus, iyo hwezvekukurukurirana kupinda mariri gastric mhango. Uyewo ari gwara ndehwokuti nechokwadi kudzivirirwa kudzoka chionekeso zviri mu repamusoro nemudumbu. Nyaya iyi iri rakatangwa kubudikidza sphincter.

Kuvhiringidza of

Achifananidza kuwanda abnormalities ose yegurokuro uye dumbu, ungacherechedza zvinotevera: The yokutanga dzakaonekwa zvino ndoda kakawanda. Kazhinji akagamuchira zvokudya pemipata pasina kumbomira. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti munhu yegurokuro iri shoma kubatwa avo kana zvimwe kusawirirana. Kazhinji, dhipatimendi iri nyore wayo chivako. Zvisinei, pane dzimwe nuances wayo chivako. Nhasi, nyanzvi vakadzidza dzakawanda raivapo vachiberekwa uye vawana malformations dhipatimendi. vamwe vanachiremba Most rokuongorora zvemamiriro anatomi pamusoro sphincter unobva dumbu kuti yegurokuro. Imwe chakaremara zvakajairika runoonekwa kuva vanonetseka kumedza. In pathological ezvinhu evanhu yegurokuro akaderedza dhayamita ichi (kazhinji ndiyo 2.3 cm).

Zviratidzo zviri chirwere

Kazhinji esophageal zvokurwara haisi pamwe chero zviratidzo. Zvisinei, hadzina kufambiswa zvakanaka pabasa rake kungatowedzera zvikuru zvakakomba. Panyaya iyi zvinokosha kuteerera kunyange zviduku, zvinoita zviratidzo. Kana kuona chinhu kubvuma unofanira pakarepo kushanyira chiremba. Pakati vakawanda zviratidzo esophageal abnormalities zvinofanira kucherechedzwa:

• Chirungurira.
• Dzvova.
• Epigastric marwadzo.
• Kuome unopfuura zvokudya.
• Manzwiro ane bundu iri huro.
• Marwadzo munzvimbo yegurokuro iri mubishi kudya.
• Hiccups.
• Kurutsa.

spasm

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuoma mundima zvokudya chokuita spastic sunga iri esophageal netsandanyama. Kazhinji ichi ezvinhu kunoonekwa vechiduku. Zvimwe kuumba chako spasm, pasi kushatirwa uye kusagadzikana dzinoratidzwa nechepakati tsinga. Kazhinji mamiriro rinowanikwa mune ezvinhu mwoyo, nokukurumidza Absorção de Água zvokudya, vakawanda nervosa. Panguva kumhanya, kushandiswa kwevanhu yegurokuro zvigadzirwa pasi zvokuimba bundu. Somugumisiro, zvinoita munhu spasm pamusoro dzepanguva chechetere. Kazhinji tsandanyama marwadzo kwakacherechedzwa munzvimbo yegurokuro uye mudumbu chokuita. Muchiitiko chino, pane cardiospasm. Funga mamiriro ichi zvakadzama.

cardiospasm

Izvi mamiriro ezvinhu aine rokuwedzera yegurokuro. anomaly Izvi dzinoratidzwa kuwedzera kukuru mhango waro morphological zvachinja rusvingo pakanyorwa unopinza aienda yayo cardiac divi - cardiospasm. Kuwedzera yegurokuro anogona kuva nokuda siyana zvemukati uye zvokunze pathogenic zvinhu, embryogenesis zvirwere, neurogenic dysfunctions, zvichitungamirira atony.

Zvinokonzera cardiospasm

Zvemamiriro ezvinhu anodzokororwa dzechimwe kukuvara, urikanwi, bundu. Precipitating raivapo pakuzadzisa ichaongororwa kuti matambudziko chepfu yeimwe. Izvi zvinosanganisira, pakutanga kwezvose, vanofanira kusanganisira vakaroorana ngozi maindasitiri, doro, fodya. It anowedzera mukana wokuti cardiospasm esophageal stenosis anokonzerwa kukundwa pamusoro colour kubva typhus, nezvitsvuku nefivha, njovhera uye TB. Pakati precipitating zvinokonzera nenzvimbo inokosha nzvimbo pathologies siyana pamusoro diaphragm. Izvi zvinosanganisira, ndivo vanofanira kusanganisira makomba kuoma dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri. Negative simba uye subdiaphragmatic mananara ari abdominal mhango. Muchiitiko ichi tiri kutaura pamusoro aerophagia, gastritis, gastroptosis, peritonitis, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly. By afunge zvinhu zvinosanganisira supradiaphragmatic uye muitiro. Pakati pavo, zvikurukuru, govera ane kutsemuka aneurysm, yeropa, pleurisy, mediastinitis. By neurogenic zvinhu zvinosanganisira kukuvara tsinga mu peripheral midziyo yegurokuro. Ivo zvinogona kukonzerwa nevamwe rwarisa pathologies. Somuenzaniso, chikonzero chingava gwirikwiti, typhus, diphtheria, nezvitsvuku fivha, meningoencephalitis, yokuSpain, poriyo. Uyewo, kuti afunge zvinhu zvinosanganisira chepfu kubudikidza ine chepfu yeimwe kubasa uye kumba (kutungamirira, doro, Arsenic, chikakananda). Mukusarudza gigantism shanduko mhando vachiberekwa esophageal pamwe yakatanga panguva padariro embryo Bookmarks. Zvadaro, zvinoita sokuti sclerosis, rive dete masvingo.

achalasia

nyonganyonga Izvi neuropathic zvakasikwa. Kana pane kutyora esophageal achalasia mabasa. Mune zvokurwara kuchengetwa motility zvirwere. Rezasi sphincter sevapristi obturator mashandiro pakati yegurokuro uye dumbu anorasikirwa kukwanisa kwayo kuzorora. Iye zvino, etiology kwechirwere chacho harizivikanwi, asi nyanzvi dzinoti psychogenic, chirwere uye magene kubatwa. Kazhinji, asi zvokurwara iri dzakaonekwa muzera kubva 20 kusvika 40 makore.

Unopisa

Zvaitika kana munhu yegurokuro pinda dzimwe makemikari. Maererano nenhamba, uwandu vanhu vakagamuchira kutsva ari GI, vanenge 70% - vana makore gumi. Uyu mukuru chikamu muzana imhaka vakakanganisa vakuru vana kuziva afunge kuti kuravidza zvinhu zvizhinji. Kazhinji nokupisa yegurokuro vakuru kugamuchira panguva kupinda munzvimbo yavaibvisa hydroxide, kuramba asidhi zvingaitwa. Zvishoma kacho, pane zviitiko matambudziko Lysol, phenol. Dhigirii yokuparadzwa akatsunga maererano vhoriyamu uye wevasungwa pamusoro mukomboni anenge apinda mukati. Kana 1 ST. nemuumbi kuzotadzira pechiso mucous rukoko. The dhigirii yechipiri kunoratidzwa maronda tsandanyama. Kupisa yegurokuro 3 tbsp. achiperekedzwa maronda muzvikamu zvose wedhipatimendi. Muchiitiko chino, havasi zviratidzo chete yemunyika, asi nevakawanda zviratidzo: kudhaka uye kuvhunduka. Mushure hutsvi 2-3 tbsp. akaumba cicatricial kuchinja nzvimbo dzomuviri. Huru chiratidzo vanyatsowana vanonzwa simba unopfuta manzwiro mumuromo, huro uye chipfuva. Kazhinji, munhu akatora caustic mhinduro pakarepo kurutsa kunoitika, pangava kuzvimba kwemiromo.

vatorwa muviri

Dzimwe nguva munhu wacho yegurokuro kuwana zvinhu hazvina kuitirwa kugaya. In neperezhevannye zvokudya zvidimbu anogona kuita dzimwe miviri. Sezvo tsika inoratidza kuvapo dzimwe zvinhu kunokwanisa kuonekwa kazhinji. muviri Foreign kunogona kuitika munguva yegurokuro somugumisiro zvakare nokukurumidza ingestion zvokudya, vachiseka kana kutaura paunenge vachidya. Kazhinji dhipatimendi ichi vawana mapfupa hove kana huku. The kwaita yokumwe chinhu chiri yaingowanikwa vanhu vane tsika chinhu inedible kuchengeta muromo nguva dzose (mapepa clip, panhengo, machisi, etc.). Kazhinji, mumuviri parusvingo midzi zvinhu pamwe wakananga magumo. Kunogona kukonzera kuzvimba.

urikanwi

Izvi zvinogona kuva nokuda kushayikwa zvokurwara Cardo, izvo chinokurwadzai kupinda mumba yegurokuro pamusoro gastric muto. It, akavapindurawo, ane proteolytic chiito. Kunowanzoguma nemaronda mudumbu uye duodenum 12 kana heniya hiatal. Kazhinji, pamasvingo munhu maronda aonekwa, asi mune zvimwe zviitiko chirwere uye vakawanda mashoko. Kukura esophageal nemaronda nokuda zvinoverengeka. Zvokurwara angava mugumisiro wokuvhiya, mumwe heniya, kana motility zvirwere. The huru chiratidzo chinhu zvachose chirungurira, marwadzo seri breastbone, belching. Kana nokubikira uye pashure zviratidzo kuva kwakanyanya. Sezvo mamiriro ariwo nguva nenguva zvichiitika anovava regurgitation mudumbu mukati.

Surgery

kuremara iri kuonekwa chaizvo rinorema. Nokuti kupera zvokurwara inozivikanwa bofu yokumusoro yegurokuro. Kudzikisa chidimbu chacho kana anotaura nemashoko trachea. Kazhinji pamusoro yaitwa esophageal Surgery vanozivikanwa uye zvimwe zvikanganiso kukura siyana enyika muviri. The zvinokonzera chirwere vanoonekwa kuti anomalies mu utero paumbwe azvarwa. Kana 4 kana 5 masvondo huchangotanga embryo chokuita nenjodzi, Ndokuzofungisisa anogona kutanga chakaipa paumbwe yegurokuro.