The Truman dzidziso

Truman Doctrine, nheyo nzira pakati containment pakati utongi hwechiKomonisiti, yakazokudziridzwa uye inotevera US mutungamiri panguva "Cold War". chinangwa chacho chikuru chaiva kundorwisa kupikiswa kwakapararira vaKomonisiti.

Pashure pehondo, Soviet Union akaita zvose kuti nechepakati uye kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva Europe kuti simba mauto aifarira-Soviet vakakwanisa kuuya, kunyanya Communist Party. Uye ndiye ichi magumo nayo kuda kuunza Turkey kuti miganhu kutaura, vachirayira kushandura mamiriro pakamanikana, kusanganisira kuti Dardanelles, apo Union aida wengarava nechimwe.

Panguva iyoyowo Greece aiva kukura remagandanga sangano, izvo akatungamirirwa vaKomonisiti. It inotsigira muchinjikwa-muganhu Albania, Bulgaria uye Yugoslavia, apo utongi hwechiKomonisiti hwakagadzwa.

Pamusangano muLondon, apo vashumiri vatorwa vakaunganidza dzose dzaiva nhengo Security Council, Soviet Union aida kumupa kodzero protectorate pamusoro Libya kuitira kuvapo kwayo muMediterranean. kuedza ichi kushandisa seboka sangano iri kuwedzera simba raro akaita aramu pakati munyika dzokuMadokero.

Communist Party Itaria uye France vaionekwa munyika idzi, zvikuru simba, uye hurumende dzimwe nyika vaiva vaKomonisiti. USSR mushure American chingashamwaridzana mauto vakatanga kuEurope, simba guru rehondo.

Zvaizoratidza sokuti basa urongwa hazvikutadzisi Soviet Union.

Zvisinei, pamusoro pegungwa, zvakare, vaiva nehanya ezvinhu Europe uye kutsvaka nzira yokugadzirisa nayo. US nezvibvumirano pachena pachayo iri mutemo wakaoma "containment" pamusoro kwakapararira kupinda pakati communism. In Washington maonero, raiva chete nzira kudzivirira hondo.

The vatorwa wokuti kuUnited States chirongwa chakatsanangurwa President Truman nyika mune shoko kuna Congress muchirimo 1947. Zvichitevera kufarirwa bhiri agamuchira simba mutemo.

Truman Doctrine, yaakanga akazivisa mashoko ake akashora utongi pokutonga. The President akaratidza mashoko ngozi achamukira munyika nemhaka pakagadzwa vakadaro enyika mune dzimwe nyika simba. Somugumisiro masimba Congress vaiva vakagadzirira kubatsira yokutanga Turkey uye Greece, uye ipapo dzimwe nyika, riri mungozi "rechiKomonisiti chirwere."

Truman Doctrine anopa zvikunde kweTurkey uye Greece rubatsiro rwemari - mana mamiriyoni zana emadhora, inonzi kurwisa "yechiKomonisiti ngozi" pangozi nyika avo.

nezvibvumirano kwakadaro zvoupfumi kwakaguma kusaina zvibvumirano nehurumende venyika idzi muna June uye July 1947.

Truman dzidziso vakatevera chimwe chinangwa: kushomeka kukura mugovanisi uye democratic kufamba mushure Second World War, nokudaro kushanda kugara vomanikidza Soviet Union nedzimwe mugovanisi nyika kwomusasa.

The United States vakaramba mutemo kutsigira chero reactionary mauto uye hurumende, uye saka Truman dzidziso yazova chishandiswa Washington imperialist kuvhiringidzwa munyaya dzomunyika nyika dzokuEurope. Mugumisiro aiva "hondo kuchitonhora" uye pumped kusvika panogumira international ezvinhu. Yakanga kutanga pamwero mukuru kubatsirwa neuto "inonakidza" US nyika, kuvaka nzvimbo dzavo network yose echiuto.

The Truman Doctrine yakazokudziridzwa pamwe kutora mukana Alena Dallesa, Loy Henderson, George Kennan, uye dzimwe enyika American uye vamiriri. Saka Egard Uolles, yaimbova US mutevedzeri wenyika, shamwaridzana pamusoro Roosevelt, vakafunga wake kupenga Danho hondo, izvo zvichaguma zvikuru dzakawanda dambudziko.