The kunyora mugiredhi rechi9, "Mabhuku ramakore rechi18 ari maonero ari muverengi ano"

Remakore rechi18 aizivikanwa kuchinja zvikuru chokuita basa Peter I. Russia rava simba guru: kusimbisa simba muchiuto, nomukadzi dzimwe nyika, akagashira kuwedzera kukuru zvesainzi. Zvechokwadi, izvi zvose vasingagoni asi kukanganisa kukura mabhuku uye tsika. Petro Catherine vaiziva kuti kukunda inertia uye backwardness munyika zvinogoneka chete tichibatsirwa dzidzo, tsika uye mabhuku.

Zvinoumba classicism

Special nehanya zvinofanira kupiwa mabhuku ramakore rechi18. In omumwe muverengi ano inobatanidzwa mazita akadai MV Lomonosov, A. N. Radischev. Saka, muna mabhuku Early Classicism - achitungamirirwa, iyo havaoni vanoonekwa kuti vanatenzi romubati okuti. Chesekondari, vadzidzi nyora mapepa ari "Mabhuku ramakore rechi18 zviri omumwe muverengi ano." The kunyora anofanira kutaura zvandinofunga mabhuku edu akararama ari Classical kumwedzi. Zvakakodzera nyaya chimiro uye zviri mabasa.

In wokutanga nzvimbo classicists akaisa basa uye nokukudzwa, manzwiro vakanga pasi kuzvipira. Chokwadi, kunzwisisa mabhuku muzana remakore rechi18 zviri maonero. Kuvhiringidza ano muverengi mutauro chaiwo, maitiro. Writers classicists akasika mabasa, vanobatisisa dzidziso yoUtatu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zviitiko kunooneka mune chigadzirwa raifanira zvakawanda kwenguva, nzvimbo uye chiito. Chinhu zvakare nebasa rinokosha kuridza classicism dzidziso "zvitaera vatatu" vaiva ne M. V. Lomonosovu. Maererano nepfungwa iyi, Genres mumabhuku vakanga vakakamurwa kuva mapoka matatu. Pakutanga ndainakidzwa mukurumbira zvikuru ode, izvozvo akarumbidza madzimambo, magamba uye vanamwari. The Vanyori nyora mabasa avo, asi kazhinji haana vaya vakaita kubudirira chokwadi, uye navaya vaifanira kusvika zvakanaka kwavanhu. Asi nokukurumidza huchatungamirira kuva satire. Mwoyo ushe wamadzimambo, vadetembi nevanyori pakati nhetembo uye comedies kubudikidza satirical kusekwa vakarurama mhosva zvakaipa chemhando vatongi. Somuenzaniso, basa Derzhavin "Felitsa". Chine satire uye ode. Achirumbidza Catherine, Gavriil Romanovich Panguva iyoyo zvinoita rinofumura dare. "Felitsa" vakagamuchira panguva kuziva kukuru. Mudetembi wacho aiva pedyo kudare. Zvisinei, pasina nguva refu Derzhavin mwoyo zvikuru musimba simba.

mabasa Specificity

Zvisinei, zvishoma nezvishoma, kuumbwa mukati rakanga akapedzisa classicism, kutanga kushomeka mano nounyanzvi vanatenzi. "Mabhuku ramakore rechi18 ari maonero yazvino muverengi" - rondedzero (Grade 9) panyaya inofanira kupa pfungwa yacho mabhuku dzinoitwa nguva. The kunyora muchikoro nezvenyaya iyi inofanira kusanganisira zvinhu Kuongororwa mabasa ounyanzvi. Somuenzaniso, kana iwe tora munhu chaiwo nhetembo, chaizvoizvo nemhaka mitemo izvi kunyatsoteerera uye mutauro dzemaoresa uye mabhuku akaoma muzana remakore rechi18 zviri omumwe muverengi ano.

sentimentalism

Kana classicists sepokutangira nokutora paruzhinji pakutanga, ehurumende basa murume akabva azviratidza shure kwavo sentimentalists akatendeukira nyika vacho, avo pauzima yomukati. A kanoda sentimentalism runobva N. M. Karamzinu. Mugumo muzana remakore rechi18 aizivikanwa yezwi mumwe muitiro mutsva mumabhuku, inonzi "romanticism". The chikuru gamba munhu kudanana basa raiva hunhu akakwana, zvachose oga uye kutambura, ndichirairira pamusoro kusaruramisira upenyu.

Mabhuku muzana remakore rechi18 zviri omumwe muverengi ano haana kurasa kukosha kwayo uye vangatoona akagamuchira Kuzivikanwa itsva. It haana kurasa nhasi kushanda kwayo nokuti nyaya dzakamutswa uye kugadziriswa watenzi muzana remakore rechi18, akavhunduka uye muverengi yanhasi. Tichiri kuramba rudo uye kutambura kubva rusina kukwana mberi nerudo. Tinowanzofunga kusarudza pakati rudo uye basa. Uye kana tiri inogutswa ano evanhu?

Current chibozwa

Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti musoro "Mabhuku ramakore rechi18 zviri omumwe muverengi ano" Somuenzaniso mabasa dzakananga vanyori dzinoratidza zita mafungire ano. Tinofanira kugara nemabasa akadai: "Varombo Liza" N. M. Karamzina, "Imi vabati uye sudiyam" G. R. Derzhavina "Oaf" D. I. Fonvizina.

Havagoni kubata mwoyo nyaya musikana murombo kubva nyaya Lisa N. M. Karamzina, kudanana uye vanyengerwa, akazviuraya panguva yakadaro muduku.

Inofanira kunyatsomuteerera uye mutambo "The Minor". Dambudziko huru yakamutswa nokuda munyori - ndiyo dzidzo. Iye pachake waiva pfungwa kuti musha dzidzo, kwakapararira pakati kwamachinda, haana sezvo chinobatsira vana sezvo zvaiita. Vana vakauya kumba, zvakazara dzinotevedzera ose tsika uye maitiro evanhu vakuru, vari unsuited kune akazvimirira vapenyu. Kuti, uye Mitrofan. Iye anogara pave nhema uye nenhamo pakunamata, anoona pamberi pake chete zvinhu zvisina kunaka zviri kuitika. Writer, kusimbisa nokukopa Mitrofanushka tsika dzevamwe, anomutsa mubvunzo wokuti: ndiani kukura kubva mairi?

Nyika iri kuramba mberi. With achangobva mberi vanhu vaenda kure mberi. Uye dzimwe nguva classicism sokuti kunyatsoti kukodzera uye zvakarurama, asi "nemisodzi mutambo" kukonzera kunyemwerera naivety ake. Asi pahwaro mabhuku muzana remakore rechi18 chero zvazvingava hazvigoni kurerutswa, uye pamusoro nguva basa raro hombe akapoteredza mabhuku zvichaita chete kukura.

Saka, mabhuku muzana remakore rechi18 zviri maonero yazvino muverengi kuda, zvisinei, chaiyo rinokosha kukura Russian mabhuku uye tsika.