Mudyandigere inishuwarenzi - chii? Labor inishuwarenzi mudyandigere. Urongwa pensions muRussia

Maererano mitemo, muna 2015, akaita Kutendeuka inishuwarenzi chikamu mudyandigere mari mune rimwe maonero - the mudyandigere inishuwarenzi. Sezvo pane mhando inoverengeka pensions, kwete munhu anonzwisisa chii uye chii aumbwa. Chokwadi chokuti inishuwarenzi yakadaro mudyandigere, ichakurukurwa munyaya ino.

pfungwa

Mudyandigere inishuwarenzi - chii? mubvunzo wakafanana akarerwa vagari, nematambudziko izwi rakadaro. Kubva zita pacharo zviri pachena kuti mudyandigere achiumbwa panheyo inishuwarenzi. Ndiko, panguva yose nguva apo mushandirwi deducts mushandi mipiro ake inishuwarenzi fanira kuenda kuna mudyandigere Fund kweRussia, mushandi mudyandigere inishuwarenzi aumba. saizi yayo kunobva muhoro. Maererano panowanikwa insured chiitiko, kureva mudyandigere zera uye kushaya mikana kunoshanda, ari mugari anotanga kugamuchira pamwedzi kubhadhara kubva kuhurumende.

Nei zvichikosha

Sezvo kudzoka basa mudyandigere kuchaita ishande mutsva mhando muripo, unofanira kunzwisisa chii kusiyana navo uye zvavanoda. Musavhunduka uye kuti kukurumidza kugumisa sezvo wajaira vomunyika yedu, atarisana chinhu asingazivikanwe uye zvitsva. Kutaura zvazviri, zvose zviri nyore chaizvo, uye vakawanda pazvese, zvinofanira pachena: dzakanga dziri rendi munhu, dzakanga inishuwarenzi mari uye nokudaro mukuru chitsama mudyandigere. Kana yapfuura mugari chete imwe yakawanda mudyandigere kubhadhara aizowana, asi ikozvino ane kodzero yokusarudza kukura mudyandigere yenyu mune ramangwana. Saka, tinogona kugumisa kuti vazhinji mushandi achava mari, dzakanga achava kwayo inishuwarenzi mudyandigere kubhadhara, iro achakwanisa huwandu ake mari mune ramangwana.

Sei

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, mudyandigere inishuwarenzi iyo achiumbwa parutivi fanira kubhadhara inishuwarenzi nevavanoshandira vashandi vavo. Vose nomupiro yakawandisa 22% kubudikidza mudyandigere inishuwarenzi zvairayirwa. pauwandu hweavo aya rakakamurwa solidary zvazvingava riri akaenzana 6%, uye munhu prices akaenzana 16%. Yokubatana mutero rinotarisirwa kuti mari yose yakatarwa kubhadhara. A mugari Sarudzo kupa dzakasiyana maviri mudyandigere zvokudya. Zvichienderana vasarudza nomumwe, anogona kusarudza chikamu mubereko ndichaenda paumbwe mudyandigere. Somuenzaniso, mumwe mutero ndiyo 16% zvipo, vanogona kuenda zvachose kuti kuunganidza inishuwarenzi chikamu mudyandigere zvipo. Nerumwe, mune imwe musimboti, 6% anogona kuenda mari mudyandigere uye 10% - inishuwarenzi fomu. Saka, zviri pachena kuchinja kwave kwakamboitwa mudyandigere inishuwarenzi mitemo, uye sei kuumbwa.

Labor inishuwarenzi mudyandigere

Izvi mhando mudyandigere vanofarira zvinenge zvose munyika nokushanda vemo. Kuti ndiwo hwaro kukarukureta rokurega basa nemari, uye zvachose kukura mari pakupedzisira. It achiumbwa nezvikamu zviviri - iri mari uye insured mudyandigere. Chii pfungwa iyi ichakurukurwa gare gare. Chikuru chinhu chakakodzera achiziva pasina kuti ngaaverenge chitsama mudyandigere riri matambudziko chaizvo, nokuti chinangwa ichi, zvinhu zvinoverengeka uye Masvomhu. Kunyanya kusvika mudyandigere zera ari mugari angachinja kwazvo.

Saka, pfungwa basa mudyandigere inishuwarenzi zvinoreva kuti pane munhu insured kwemakore anenge matanhatu, nokuti iyo hurumende anovimbisa pamwedzi kubhadhara ake pamusoro chiitiko insured. Muchiitiko chino, chichagamuchirwa kusvika mudyandigere zera.

How kuverenga kukura basa inishuwarenzi mudyandigere

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kuverenga kukura mudyandigere, zvakakodzera kushandisa Masvomhu uye coefficients. Nokuti Panobva kukarukureta kunoda pensions maviri - inishuwarenzi uye mari. inishuwarenzi mudyandigere - chii uye sei kuverenga izvozvo, sokuudzwa kumusoro, uye pano ndipo sei kuti azive kukura kuunganidza, zvino richabatwa kurondedzerwa. Mari chikamu mudyandigere achiumbwa akumbirwa mugari, kureva ane kodzero yekusarudza chimwe chete mhando mudyandigere. Saka, kuti aumbe contributory mudyandigere ungava kwayo chete kungwara. Kukura kwayo unoenderana 6% of pamwedzi fanira mipiro.

Kuti uzive kukura basa mudyandigere inishuwarenzi zvipo, anofanira kuwedzera inishuwarenzi uye mari chikamu. Kuverenga inishuwarenzi chikamu, unofanira kushandisa mutoo: MF = PC / T + B. Pano midrange - zviri chete chikamu inishuwarenzi; PC - chitsama guru anosarudza kukura nenguva kugadzwa mudyandigere zvipo ne zera; T - nguva umo muripo zvinotarisirwa kuti zera; B - chikuru chezvinonhuwira basa mudyandigere, zviri wakasimba uye saizi yayo kunogona kuwanikwa kubva mudyandigere Fund Maneja wako.

Mutemo pamusoro inishuwarenzi mudyandigere inoti kuti saizi yayo pasi wepagore indexation zvichienderana nekukura mutengi mitengo. Saka, dzemaitirwe ari mudyandigere mudyandigere saizi achavaponesa rokuchinja zvinoverengeka chokuita padanho upenyu uye Pricing chikafu tswanda.

Ndianiko angaverenga pamusoro mudyandigere

Inishuwarenzi akare-zera mudyandigere iri inobhadharwa vagari vanenge zvasvika mudyandigere zera. Nokuti vakadzi aiva nemakore 55 varume - 60. Kubva 2015 kugamuchira inishuwarenzi akwegura mudyandigere, unofanira kuva mipiro kwemakore anenge matanhatu.

Persons deducted pamwedzi shoma kuti mudyandigere Fund angava vaikwanisa mudyandigere kubhadhara kuti vabudirire kutsvakwa zera, kana kukosha mudyandigere wacho coefficient haasi asingasviki 30.

How kutarisira mudyandigere wavo

The Old mudyandigere hurongwa, zvakanaka akayambuka kubva kweSoviet kuti ano zveupfumi nechokwadi, akaratidza incapacity wayo. Ndokusaka zvinhu, rakachinja vakawanda kusvika uye tarira fanira pamwedzi mipiro vemunyika. Nhasi, mumwe munhu anogona vakazvimirira kutarisira mudyandigere wavo ramangwana. Nounyanzvi zvakakwana kutaura nyaya iyi, saka imi regai Achishamisika uye vanoti: "? Mudyandigere Insurance - Chinyiko". Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, mwedzi kubhadhara zvinogona kukanganisa kukura mubayiro ramangwana, kana havazokwanisi kushanda. Saka, hazvina zvakakodzera kuvanza mubayiro wavo, varege kuva risingamboshandisi mari mune ramangwana. Unogona kusarudza kuti mari kune mari chikamu uye iri nzira yokukudza mubayiro ramangwana.

Chii pamudyandigere

Vamwe vagari vawane mudyandigere kubhadhara pamberi inodiwa wava, kureva varume - pamberi kuurayiwa makore makumi matanhatu, uye vakadzi - vanosvika makumi mashanu, ukuwo. Kukodzera kuti pamudyandigere vane vanhu vanoshanda, somuenzaniso, mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Zvichienderana ukuru matatu mazita zvinogona kupatsanurwa panzvimbo imwe. Ndoupi nezvokunetseka izvi munhu, zvakakodzera zvakanyatsonanga muna mudyandigere Fund kweRussia.

Pamudyandigere ane zvakawanda nuances pamasikiro, saka mugari kushanda mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, kuunganidza zvinyorwa zvose zvakafanira achisimbisa urefu basa. Ko handifaniri kuti zvinyorwe ndandanda bhuku zvinyorwa kubva kubasa, sezvo bhuku basa hakuna kukwana.

The umhare ari mudyandigere wemuTesitamende Russia

Iye zvino, Russian Federation mudyandigere Fund ndiye anokonzera zvinotevera mhando pensions, kuti icho ane simba kuumbika, kugadza uye kubhadhara zvirema zvikamu vokuparidzira:

• mamiriro mudyandigere;
• basa;
• asiri ehurumende.

Zvichienderana kuchiva ose mugari anekodzero kuumba mudyandigere uri woga. Izvi zvinoshanda kushanda nevanhu, ari kushanda ruzivo izvo haasati asvika pamwero. Somuenzaniso, unogona bvisa munhu chikamu kwavo mari mu mamiriro mudyandigere mari, uye mune dzisiri-mamiriro (NPF). Kana investor akaita sarudzo vachida private mudyandigere mari, basa rinowanika kubva kusaina chesungano mativi maviri. The mugari vanosungirwa kubhadhara pamwedzi chikamu mari yavo mari uye inozviita kuti kumubhadhara pamwedzi kubhadhara kubva musi vakaremara.

Inishuwarenzi akare-zera mudyandigere zvinogonawo kubhadharwa, uye kuburikidza asiri hurumende mudyandigere mari. Kubva 2015, pakatanga akawanda kunoparirwa chokuita vasiri kushanda vagari vabhadhare, paiva chinhu chakadai: kana nokushanda zvakaitika mugari zvishoma makasimbiswa uye akaunganidza pfungwa hadzikwani, agamuchire mubhadharo chete pashure pemakore mashanu. Saka, nguva inishuwarenzi kuti mudyandigere zviri novimba zvakanaka mumwe munhu vanogara mundima Russian Federation.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Munguva ichangopfuura, kureva okusuma ari mudyandigere zvinhu muna 2015, hurumende ndokuchinja basa rimwe chete mhando fanira kubhadhara - inishuwarenzi mudyandigere. Naizvozvo, munhu akasarudza kuita mari achitsigira kuunganidza ezvinhu, zvakazara achipfeka mutoro zvakadaro pachako. Chero zvazvingava, kukura mudyandigere achavaponesa ose mugari. Hurumende inogona kubhadhara chete inokosha vanobatsirwa uye chete mune zvimwe zviitiko.

Nokuti vanhu vanodzivisa zvinzvimbo zvokurima nemauto, hurumende akaita kuwedzera zviduku mudyandigere points. Somuenzaniso, vashandi vane ruzivo anodarika makumi matatu uye achigara zvachose kumaruwa, akapa kuwedzera mudyandigere wavo.

Vanaamai nevana vazhinji kuwana mamwe pfungwa kuti kukarukureta pamusoro kwairayirwa ehurumende kubhadhara.