Mudyandigere Fund - chii ichi? Basic mabasa uye uchishandisa misimboti

Haiwa, munyika ino unofa nyika, pane pezvakaitwa zhinji kuti vari kure zvisingachinji murume. Uye mumwe wavo - zviri kukwegura. Kuderedza zvingasanakira zvisamuka, yakanga yakagadzirwa zvakasiyana Zvirongwa wandei, mumwe iyo - munhu mudyandigere. Asi iro sangano iri anokonzera nechokwadi kuti, kana nguva yasvika, munhu akagamuchira rubatsiro rwemari? Mudyandigere Fund - muviri zvemari hwakagadzwa zvakananga kuti chinangwa ichi. Mari dziri pachena kana muchivande, asi mumwe nomumwe anoita seti inokosha munzanga mabasa.

Chii chinonzi mudyandigere mari? Uyu ndiye Rinotarisira Consolidated mari zvose?

Pakutanga, unofanira kusarudza kuti zvatiri kubata. Mudyandigere Fund - sangano kuti ane zvimwe mabasa anokosha mumagariro kuti Vagari ehurumende (kana nyika). Paaizosvika rimwe zera munhu akaisa unoenderana kubhadhara, uye anoita kwavari chaizvo mari. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kuti PF Rinotarisira mari yacho mudyandigere system (zvose kana chikamu chayo, kunobva state). Zvakananga muchiitiko ichi, kuti mari anovimbisa kuzadzika kodzero vomunyika Russian kugamuchira muripo.

Mudyandigere mari uye mutemo

Sangano iri hwakasikwa maererano RSFSR Supreme Soviet chirevo № 442-1 «On kurongwa mudyandigere Fund of RSFSR". Panguva iyoyo, bhajeti wayo akatendeka neHurumende Duma of Federal Assembly nokwenzvimbo yaiva mutemo pamusoro kuitwa huru zvemari gwaro iri Russian Federation. Panguva iyoyo, nyika ine vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 40 pamudyandigere uye vanobatsirwa mamiriyoni 20 vanogamuchira kubhadhara kubva (pasinei nokuti zvose vagari mamiriyoni 128 vaigara Russian Federation). Sezvaunogona kuona, panguva iyoyo Russian mudyandigere Fund pane chinokosha mutoro.

pasocial mabasa

An chikonzero chinokosha nei kune RF mudyandigere Fund, ndiko kuzadzisa yavo mumagariro mabasa. Pakati mitoro izvi, izvo zviri kuitwa nesangano iri:

1. Kugadzwa pensions kuti vagari kwakavakirwa ravo urefu basa uye kushanda ezvinhu, pamwe unozotevera mubhadharo kuMudzidzisi zvizhinji.
2. Russian mudyandigere Fund nezvokuvandudzika mari inishuwarenzi, dzinobva pasi mudyandigere inishuwarenzi zvairayirwa.
3. Akagadzwa nekuita pasocial kubatsira vamwe Mapato vanhu: zvirema, magamba, vanhu paakavapa yakakwirira mibayiro.
4. Inventories ose vechikamu vari fanira mudyandigere inishuwarenzi hurongwa.
5. Basa uye kudyidzana pamwe vashandirwi vanobhadhara kuti premiums. Kunyanya, mudyandigere Fund kweRussia iri mubasa kuzoita chikwereti. Saka, zviri basa uye vamwe kwemitemo mabasa.
6. Mudyandigere Fund kweRussia iri mubasa disbursement mari, akapiwa ave maternity guru.
7. Rinotarisira zvose zvokurarama kuti zvinowanikwa mudyandigere ino munyika.
8. Pakutevedzera purogiramu wehurumende co-mari yokuzvidira mari. It inonziwo yokuRussia chirongwa "zviuru nezviuru".
9. Anotarisira mari inishuwarenzi, dzinobva pasi rokumanikidzirwa mudyandigere uye inishuwarenzi utano.
10. Russian mudyandigere Fund anodzika yeUnited magariro mamwe mubhadharo kuunza yemari kuti shoma subsistence revarombo.

State mudyandigere Fund

Panyaya iyi, kuti mudyandigere Fund kweRussia ichakurukurwa. Conventionally, kuti mashandiro wenyika software iyi inogona akagadzira sezvinotevera: vemazuva ano vomuUmambo akagwinya kushanda anowana upfumi. Vamwe vavo vari kune pensioners ano vanogamuchira kugadzira kubva hurumende yavo kare mabasa. Kana rudzi kushanda zera achava mukuru, uye panzvimbo yayo achauya vechidiki yakura, zano iri vachava ishande sakare, chete nguva ino chete nemamwe vechikamu. Uye vaya vakanga kwazadza Russian mudyandigere Fund achaita kubhadhara software. Izvi cyclic change. The Zvakashatira murayiro wakadaro ndiye zvishoma nezvishoma vasanyanye rokutenga simba pensions, kwakakonzerwa zvikonzero zvinoverengeka. Naizvozvo, pasina zvimwe manyuko mari wouchembere hwako kunogona kuva risingafadzi chaizvo muupenyu. Pashure pezvose, kazhinji, mari bhadharika pedyo mudyandigere Fund kweRussia, kwete zvikuru rakasiyana subsistence revarombo.

Unofanirawo kuratidza musiyano iri vakuru vakuru. Saka, mushure sangano wehurumende-pamwero anoenda sezvinotevera mudyandigere Fund nharaunda. Anga achishanda kuburikidza ose nyaya dzinomuka pamamiriro administrative chimwe. Mudyandigere Fund nharaunda, akavapindurawo, ari kuunganidza mashoko.

Private mudyandigere mari

The chikuru dambudziko - kureva impoverishment pamusoro pensioners, kazhinji kupa kugadzirisa uchibatsirwa private mudyandigere mari. Ndivo varidzi nzira zvinogona vanounganidzwa. Saka, PEF anoshanda panheyo mari mari: vagari avape nemari makambani kusarudza apo mari, uye kufarira aiwana vanobhadharwa kuti pensions avo. Saka, mari haisi kurasikirwa simba rayo vanotenga nokuda nezvibereko zvayo vakawanda. Asi vakadaro zvakanaka uye anokwezva magadzirirwo ane zvainovhiringidzawo ayo.

Izvi mhando mudyandigere yakakurumbira muUnited States of America, saka pamusoro zvinhu gadziriro achapiwa kutsanangurwa muenzaniso nyika ino. Saka, vanhu vazhinji matambudziko nguva ndiyo nyaya yokuvimbika uye kudzoka mari iri kuparadzwa PEF. Uyewo dambudziko ndechokuti vanoita kumusika upfumi, apo hazvibviri kuchaita kuti zvinhu zvose zvichaita se aronga. Saka mari inogona kurasika (kazhinji, ari kupomerwa ane wakaiswa zvazvingava, asi kuparadzwa private mudyandigere mari asingadi kubatsira kunyange mumwe). Akadaro asina zvinhu Russia haana mudyandigere, asi ane utera ake pachake.

The kukosha munzanga

Sezvaunogona kuona, masangano aya zvakakosha kuti vanhu vave kukwanisa kunzwa rutsigiro munguva apo havazokwanisi kukwanisa zvakazara zvichengetedze. Kazhinji, mudyandigere Fund ari kushingaira kushanda pamwe evanhu mabasa. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti muitiro pamwedzi kubhadhara kunyange zvishomanana, asi anobvumira kuti kubvisa vana nevabereki vavo vanoda kupa rubatsiro rwemari. Naizvozvo RF mudyandigere Fund unokosha panyaya kuwedzera kunyatsoshanda dzokusimukira masangano.

Mipiro sezvo kwainyanya mari

Kwainyanya mari riwanikwe mudyandigere Fund muri mipiro huripo vashandirwi. The zvazvingava mwero iri 22%, izvo akatorwa Payroll. Kubvira 2009, mukana wokuita mipiro yokuzvidira, izvo kuenda kune mari chikamu mudyandigere. Inopa kuti mudyandigere accrues zvose pehurumende uye mushandirwi zvienzane nhamba (hurumende ine muganhu kuti mutemo uyu - uwandu muripo kunofanira kanenge 2 zviuru uye kwete kupfuura 12). pfungwa iyi kunobatsira mumwe nomumwe vechikamu pakugarisana izvi. Saka, kuti mushandirwi anogamuchira yomutero yaanobhadhara kubva uwandu mari iri uwandu anosvika zviuru 12 rubles. Uyewo chikamu wazvipira kuti Russia ine mudyandigere mari hwakatamisirwa National Welfare Fund.

mhedziso

Sezvaunogona kuona, kuti mudyandigere Fund - zviri nyore, uye sangano iri nyore chaizvo kunzwisisa. In mhedziso, zvinokosha kuva nenguva mipiro, nokuti kuti murambe yose hurongwa yerera. Uyewo chinokosha pamberi mubayiro chena (usingabereki kukanganisa muripo kuti hurumende bhajeti). Uyezve, Russian mudyandigere Fund anoshanda kubatsira wese ari Russian Federation.