Kwevanhu nomuzongoza, mamiriro uye functionality

Human nomuzongoza, chivakwa iyo inoita dzinokosha mabasa oupenyu ndiyo nheyo muviri wose, mutsigiri marangwanda, dehenya, vakawanda nhengo dzomukati, kwetsandanyama uye muviri mafuta. The mutoro pamusoro musana ndiyo inokosha, asi muviri uremu iri kuparadzirwa zvakaenzana, mutoro wei kumucheto chipfuva uye kuti chiuno. Saka kuchengetwa zvimiso uremu mwero.

madhipatimendi Key

The chikuru musana wemunhu; asi lumbar uye sacral, thoracal uye remuromo. Rokumusoro vakaparadzana, remuromo, inoumbwa 7 vertebrae zvakasiyana configuration uye kukura. Pazasi pane zvidimbu 12 pechipfuva, vari yakakura zvikuru kupfuura pamutsipa uye kunofambidzana nerumbabvu keji. The rumbabvu mugove achipinda lumbar vertebrae kwevashanu, nekurangarira kuti huru mutoro. Kwozouya ari sacrum mashanu akaneta vertebrae.

The nemamiriro nomuzongoza munhu nani yakaoma, multi-chikamu. Ane curved chimiro, izvo zvinoita kuti urambe wakatsiga, uyewo rinopa muviri cushioning wose ehupfumi hunodiwa kutsanya uye unopinza kufamba. nomuzongoza kwevanhu, sechivako yatinofunga funga kuti mumwe multi-muronga zvikuru miviri. Unenge wokutanga uye chechipiri vertebra ari remuromo kadhi. Chokutanga, inonzi "atirasi" chinosanganisira pfupa namaberere uye articulated zvakananga kuti dehenya chawo. Zvichitevera izvozvo "epistrophe" zvishoma kwaisanganisira mu "Atlas". With peya iyi musoro kwevanhu inogona zvayaitenderera paguyo kwakasiyana-siyana uye tilted.

munjodzi

The vamwe vertebrae akafanana nomumwe ari chimiro uye chete yakasiyana kukura. Vose vari wakapoteredzwa tsandanyama pechipfuva, dumbu, chiuno uye musana.

kwevanhu muzongoza, mamiriro izvo kukonzerwa akasiyana-siyana zviri kuti ane kuita, ndizvo anodzivirira chikamu dzemuviri. Kunyange kudzivirirwa pachishandiswa zvirwere kurwisa nemhando dzose kutapukirwa noutachiona, zviri pachena kuti zvokuimba hunhu. Kunyange chiedza, dzimwe nguva kuita zviduku kunotevera akuvadzwa kubva kunze zvinogona kuvhiringa functionality kwayo. Tisingatauri zvikuru kunotevera kuchikuvadza intervertebral mapfundo, izvo vanongoerekana inopera akaremara.

musana

The vertebrae vari vakagumisa pamwe pezvakaitwa vanoverengeka iyo kwechitunha vertebra articulates pamwe pedyo ndivo. tichibatanidza musimboti dzinovabvumira kuenda mune imwe amplitude. An kwakavharwa nenyama gasket pakati vertebrae vari discs kuti shwashwa, mapfupa hukawanika kuvapa kuparadzana. Inside the musana pamwe yose kureba anomhanya rinokosha buri-mugero musana - hwaro hematopoietic ezvinhu muviri. Chero kusuduruka anogona tsonyera uropi kana kunyange kuhuparadza. Human nomuzongoza, sechivako iri zvakakwana maererano functionality, asi ndiyo yakachengeteka kubva kukuvara. Naizvozvo, unofanira kudzivisa overloading uye yaizoitika kufamba.