Streptococcus - chii ichocho? Aina ye streptococci

Vakawanda vakanzwa nezvokuvapo munhu streptococcal noutachiona , uye kunyange naro akasangana. Asi vanhu vashoma chaizvo taitofunga kuti strep, chii ichocho? Asi kuziva zvaidiwa upenyu uye basa muvengi - iri hafu kukunda. Streptococci kuita sainzi zvidukuduku. Mariri, sezvo kune mumwe munda zivo, yakawanda yakaoma uye dzinovhiringidza mazwi. Munyaya ino tichaedza mutauro nyore kutaura pane Streptococcus ngozi chiri zvinogona uye kana zvakakodzera kuti kubata nawo uye chii nzira yokurapa rinoitwa.

"Mufananidzo" ari chisvetasimba

Vanhu ose zuva uye nguva dzose vakatarisana nezviuru zvigare, izvo zvinogona kunzi chete nemaikorosikopu. A mumiririri akakurumbira hondo iyi ine tupukanana uye streptococcus. Chii, pamwe, munhu? Anofarira zvipenyu kuutakura? Ngatitange kubva pakutanga.

Streptococci - muri bacteria vane mufananidzo nemaziso marozari nharaunda kusvika 0.5 neIkoniyumu. Ball - rimwe kamuri utachiona uye yose muviri. Bata streptococci mbiri mbiri, kana mumapoka, chokuita mune cheni. Vari zvachose wakaiswa nokuti hakuna cilia kana miswe, kana flagella. Kutama chete kuburikidza kunze kupindira, semuenzaniso, kubudikidza vangakosora pamwe mhepo chekubuda. Kamwe itsva ezvinhu, streptococcus utachiona zvinenge pakarepo anotanga kuwanda. It anoita izvi nyore muchitokisi nokupesana. The mamiriro masero zvayo zvokuti anogona kuumba Yaunoti L-fomu (m. E. Chinenge pasina musero rusvingo). Uyu runonyengera pfuma kunokonzera chiedza permeability pakati nayo utachiona kuburikidza kwemabhakitiriya Sefa uye pasi kwazvo aikanganiswa zvinodhaka. Kuti nani "kuzivana" pamwe mumiririri wenyika zvigare vakaita Streptococcus (chii, hatina kare kukurukurwa), isu nyora mumuviri ayo unhu. Saka tupukanana aya:

- anaerobic (.. Ie zvakakwana rokugovera pamwe okisijeni);

- giremu (rinoreva kwete uremu, uye coloring utachiona kubudikidza nzira giremu musayendisiti) - pfuma iyi inoshandiswa diagnosing zvirwere;

- chemoorganotrophic (Organic chikafu);

- asporogenous (hatuzoumbiki spores);

- parasitic.

Features zvoupenyu

Vanhu nemhuka vanogara guru streptococci uye tupukanana ari nemumuromo mhango, nasopharynx, dumbu, hombe ura, asi anogona neropa kana nedzimwe nzira kupinda chero nhengo uye kutanga imomo pathogenic basa. Uyezve, streptococci vari zvakatipoteredza, zvakadai seguruva, chero pose, sputum, pus stale. Pasinei nokuti tupukanana dzinoumba L-chimiro uye zvakadai pachena, kuchiparadza kwavo kwakaoma. Mabhakitiriya aya vanokwanisa kurarama mu kuchitonhora, "kubatisisa" kwemaminitsi 30 panguva imwe tembiricha kusvika 55 madhigirii, uye negadziriso ose mercuric chloride uye carboxylic asidhi navo kuuraya maminitsi 15 chete. Asi pane mhando streptococci pamwe zvakatowanda kugwinya miganhu. Nezvimedu akaomeswa pus, sputum (akaomeswa uye manyoro), mhando dzose microorganism vanogona kurarama nokusingaperi. Asi zvikuru vanoshingaira utachiona izvi vari ambient tembiricha ³⁷ C uye ph pedyo kwazvakarerekera kana Midzanga (tsika kubva 6.9 kusvika 7.6). Kucherechedza, nzvimbo tembiricha mvura ine ph 7, uye nemate oruzhinji vanhu ph 7-7,4, kureva, ivo rakanakira pokumuka streptococci izvi. fecundity Kunyanya kukuru mabhakitiriya kuratidza, kana ivo anowira svikiro ine ropa, ropa serum, shuga, nokuti zvokudya zvavo kufarira. Ikoko vanokurumidza kukura kune huru dzaitongwa. Kana akaisa mhando dzakasiyana-siyana streptococcus muropa Hagari (zvakananga, mhinduro ine ropa dzimwe mhuka), vamwe vavo hakuzochinji Ruvara Hagari, vamwe vanoumba kumativi mapoka avo inosvika erythrocyte dissociation wenharaunda (hemolysis), yechitatu "munoshongedza" rakanga rakundwa nzvimbo zvakasvibirira. In kashoma yakaorera ezvinhu kwavari (semuenzaniso, guruva) Colony streptococci yekudyidzana zvidiki (2,5 mm) kubata kazhinji mvere, dzimwe nguva kunaka, vaima uye translucent chitarisiko. In mvura tusingaoneki kuedza kugara mumudziyo madziro kana pasi, vachisiya segirazi svikiro pachayo.

The guru kukuvadza kubva Streptococcus ndechokuti kupa kure zvinokachidza ngozi chaizvo izvo anokonzera chepfu muviri wacho, uye kunyange vaigona kurufu.

Ndezvipi streptococci

Kune akawanda kazhinji akagamuchira classifications. Maererano Brown uye Shottmyulleru, rose hondo streptococci rakakamurwa mapoka makuru 3:

1. Hemolytic.

2. viridans.

3. asiri hemolytic.

Zvikuru ngozi ndivo hemolytic streptococcus, asi kwete vose vari pathogenic. Panguva iyoyo pakati hakukuvadzi asiri hemolytic pane zvikuru "chakakomba" tupukanana.

Nokuda matambudziko mamwe kupatsanura akanga aronga kuziva njodzi streptococcus. It yakatanga vakazvimiririra Rebecca Lensfild uye Frederick Griffith. Vari hwaro akatorwa antigenic maumbirwo utachiona, nokuda yavakanga rakakamurwa mhuka kana mapoka 17, runotaurwa tsamba Latin. First - A streptococci, ari wechipiri, C rechitatu, chechina D uye zvichingodaro, kusvikira boka S-streptococci. Nokuti vanhu mana okutanga hunonyanya hachifadzi. Ngationgororei navo zvakadzama uye kutanga nokupindura mubvunzo: "Group A Streptococcus - chii," Seiko iye? Chekutanga, nekuti ndiye wokutanga pachikwata, uye chepiri nokuti chisvetasimba kupfuura ngozi chinokonzera munhu ane "bouquet" zvirwere. Saka ...

Group A streptococci

Mabhakitiriya boka iri rinonyanya ngozi, asi zvikuru zvakawanda kwete chete. Just murume akawana 53 marudzi zvigare izvi, uye 49 vavo kuva boka A. Ivo vanowanikwa kufema turakiti, muromo, dumbu, pasikarudzi, uye tichibatsirwa ropa apo tupukanana pinda chaizvo nyore kune chero chikamu muviri uye chero muviri. Chimwe zita utachiona izvi - Streptococcus pyogenes, kuti ndiye pyogenic streptococci. Chii? rakashandurwa kuti "pus" With Greek pyon. Kubva rokuti zviri pachena kuti pyogenic streptococci chikonzero chirwere, achiperekedzwa purulent tiite (purulent chirwere). Zviri ehupfumi dzavo ngozi kwete chete. tusingaoneki kwakadaro pashure tama vanotsamwisa zvinokonzera chirwere yematambudziko - rheumatic nefivha uye rikwanise glomerulonephritis (itsvo kukuvara). The chikuru mamirire kuchiitwa zvose boka A streptococci ndiyo kuvapo kwavo muchitokisi masvingo M mapuroteni, uye rinowanikwa muna 80 zvakasiyana. fuma iyi anodzivirira streptococci kubudikidza phagocytes aripo ropa revanhu, kuti adye wokumwe muviri. Uyezve, mumwe mumiririri utachiona hwakakura boka A ane Kamudzira kuvadzivirira kubva phagocytes. Izvi morphological zviri streptococci "mhosva" pakuti munhu akanga achirwara kupfuura kare, unobereka kutapata chete kune mhando chisvetasimba kuti akakonzera chirwere. Izvozvo kana kwazvo pahuro akakonzera streptococcus-M1 mapuroteni, masoja emuviri uchava chete kwemabhakitiriya uye utachiona hwakakura M2 mapuroteni hachisisiri, izvo zvinoreva unogona kuzodzosera angina kurwara. Figures iyi nyaya, kuziva mhando kusungwa vari puroteni.

Hemolytic streptococcus: chii

Shoko rokuti "hemolytic" zvinoreva kuparadza masero eropa. Kana chisvetasimba zvakakwana hemolysis (zvachose ropa masero ose vakavapoteredza), inonzi Beta-hemolytic. Zvinenge nhengo dzose mapoka (A, B, C, D) yokutanga ina chinosimbiswa uye vari. Vanovata zvinotevera zvirwere:

• zvikuru huro;
• nezvitsvuku fivhiri;
• I zvakatarisana;
• impetigo (chirwere cheganda);
• infective endocarditis;
• abscesses (dumbu, pfungwa);
• yomumuzongoza, neonatal sepsis;
• postrodovoy sepsis;
• Zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana pamusoro genitourinary hurongwa.

Panewo imwe Arufa-hemolytic streptococcus. Chii? Ndiyo chete hemolytic streptococcus (zelenyaschy), chete izvozvo anoparadza masero matsvuku eropa aoma. Zvingaita kuti mhando iyi zvishoma ngozi. Kutaura zvazviri, chinoita zvirwere ngozi zvakadai:

• peritoneal abscesses uye pfungwa;
• periodontitis;
• infective endocarditis;
• nemabayo;
• yomumuzongoza.

streptococci izvi, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, vanokwanisa kushandura Ruvara svikiro kubva tsvuku kuti girini.

Kune wegamma-hemolytic streptococcus. Chii? Saka akadana utachiona kuti hachiparadzi masero matsvuku eropa uye handishanduki vakamupoteredza Hagari svikiro (inonzi non-hemolytic). Asi vanogona kukonzera zvirwere zvinoverengeka:

• infective endocarditis;
• sinusitis;
• chirwere mu maronda.

strep huro

Kazhinji, zvikuru huro - yakakura pfungwa, zvichireva chero kwazvo huro. It zvinogona kukonzerwa kwete streptococcus, asiwo vamwe nemavhairasi uye kwemabhakitiriya utachiona. Ngatitaurei vakurukure zvokuita kana dzakaonekwa strep huro, chii uye sei kuti kururama pamwe nechirwere, nekuti zvinokanganisawo nzira kurapwa. mutongo yakarurama kungaita chete chiremba kwakavakirwa migumisiro microbiological kuongorora (zodzera). Paanoendeswa ane chena swab kubva huro. Uyezve, pane mbiri nokukurumidza bvunzo, asi zodzera ndiyo yakarurama kwazvo. Utachiwana streptococcal kwazvo huro kunogona chete kuva uchikurukura murwere, kana musingadi kutora matanho okudzivirira. Huru zviratidzo ndiwo:

• kwazvo huro, kunyanya kana pakuparadza;
• tembiricha;
• mukuru muutera, chills;
• zvinorwadza remuromo nodes;
• mucosal edema;
• chena kana purulent Dombo pamusoro tonsils uye pahuro;
• muna zvisingawanzoitiki nguva abdominal marwadzo.

The chirwere kuruoko kurapwa runogara kusvika 5 mazuva. Mishonga vanofanira kusarudzwa nenzira yakadaro kuti haana kutambura itsvo uye mapfundo.

Kazhinji mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya varwere zvokuvataurira nomuromo, uye anokosha zviitiko subcutaneously. Kuderedza kwazvo huro bhurandi kana kakaridza kushandiswa antiseptics, broths daisies, kubika pasoda mhinduro.

Around zviratidzo zvimwechete kwazvo huro, nezvitsvuku fivha kunoratidzwa chete kana maperembudzi akawedzera punctulate dzvuku mapundu ose pamusoro muviri, anokonzerwa streptococcal muchetura. Scarlet nefivhiri sezvo chiratidzo akacherechedza "Strawberry rurimi" (ane chena unhani uye tsvuku papillae). Treatment akafanana zvinorondedzerwa kumusoro.

Streptococcal chirwere

Vamwe vanachiremba akatuma varwere kuti aedzwe kuti strep CPR. Chii? Chokwadi, zvose zvakafanana utachiona cocci. Gadzirisa ichi boka runhare Streptococcus SPP. Chinosanganisira avanoziva pyogenic streptococci, zvinova zvinokonzera zvirwere zvakawanda, uyewo Streptococcus pneumoniae, kuchikonzera mabayo, yomumuzongoza, bronchitis, hweHIV ropa, uye Streptococcus mutans, basa caries uye endocarditis.

For zvirwere ganda streptococcal anosanganisira impetigo uye erysipelas.

chirwere rokutanga kukonzera pyogenic streptococci A-boka. Kazhinji, chinowanzoonekwa kuonekwa vana, kana asina kutevedzera mitemo utano. Streptococci kuramba kuwira paganda vanhu muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Apo "shamwari wakachena" (kugeza maoko, kuita kugara akanyorova kuchenesa), pamwe ganda ravo kubviswa. Uye apo utsanana hakusi kunaka, Streptococcus vachigaramo ganda dzichimhanya uye kuchangotanga kunotevera, kusanganisira chiedza anokwenya uye ikaruma rezvipembenene kupinda munzvimbo subcutaneous rukoko. Zviratidzo impetigo vane nyarara mapundu akapoteredza mhino, miromo, uye zvikuru kashoma mune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri. Pakutanga pachikuva, maronda aya vane chimiro tsvuku nodules (papules), izvo vakabva dzikwanise purulent vesicles (Maronda akasiyana) uye yakaoma dzinokaroparuka yellowish kuumba crusts. Bata impetigo pamwe nemishonga.

Face anokonzerawo pyogenic streptococci. The chirwere kunoitika nokuda kupinda mabhakitiriya kupinda subcutaneous tishu. Inokonzera - siyana kutyorwa kuvimbika ganda, kubva unocheka kusvika Tupukanana ikaruma. zviratidzo:

• akatsvuka, unyoro, kuzvimba njodzi nzvimbo chedebwe;
• chills;
• Fivha.

Chimwe chezvinhu zvisingafadzi zviri zvokurwara zvingangoguma zvazvo makore akawanda pashure pachena mushonga.

chibayo

The chirwere ane mhando dzakawanda, zvichienderana nayo utachiona. Streptococcal nemabayo - kumwe ngozi. Inonzi kupinda mumapapu Streptococcus Pneumoniae. Unogona osimudza chirwere, kufema mhepo, iyo ine pathogenic utachiona. Nemabayo kunotanga nokukurumidza, asi dzimwe nguva zvishoma nezvishoma kwayo. zviratidzo:

• fivhiri;
• kukosora;
• bhokisi marwadzo;
• kupfupika mweya;
• fivhiri;
• purulent exudate (pus kuunganidza mumapapu) - Maitikiro acho ane simba katsika zvichiwedzera, uye kana zvokukurumidzira nezviyero zvisina kutorwa, muchiedza akaumba yakatesvera panyanga dzacho.

X-ray chirwere nemabayo, uyewo kuidzwa sputum buditsa. Kubatwa nemishonga uye corticosteroids, somunhu ushe, zvinoda misoro nzira. Schema jekiseni yakataurwa vanokwanisa vashandi chete! Pasina kurapwa nemabayo kazhinji zvinouraya.

Streptococcus agalactia: chii

With boka A streptococcus, zvakawanda kana zvishoma isu arongwe kunze. Ngatimbotaurei nezvechimwe tupukanana kuti boka B. Vakanga kutanga kuzivikanwa nokudzidza mastitis mu mhou. Gare gare yakawanikwa kuti utachiona izvi kungokonzera wakazvarwa mafufu yomumuzongoza uye septicemia, apo vanaamai vavo - puerperal sepsis. Tupukanana ainzi Streptococcus agalactiae (mu Russian - "Streptococcus agalactia"). Chii? Mhinduro: Ndezvemuranda utachiona ngozi chaizvo kuti atungamirire zvichida kurufu kana kuti zvakakomba matambudziko. muviri wavo (sero rusvingo) unotora capsular polysaccharides, ekupedzisira - 9 zvakasiyana. Saizvozvowo, pane 9 uye Streptococcus agalactia serotypes. To zvakarurama kusarudza mumwe akaita chirwere, vanopedza CAMP bvunzo. Chidimbu - kungotadza tsamba guru mazita masayendisiti urimowo munyaya iyi.

Nekuti vamwe munyaya zvimwe zvinetso classifications. Saka, tora Somuenzaniso, streptococcus boka B. Chii? Hongu, zvimwechete sezvo Streptococcus agalactia. Ndiwo mazita maviri chete kwemabhakitiriya. Group B streptococci vari kana denderedzwa kana kumativi chimiro. mukuru "kugara" Yavo - urogenital womunhu hurongwa. Vachangoberekwa utachiona vari ichiparadzirwa munguva pakuzvarwa. Sepsis hwapedyo kana ichi yose 2% vana, asi 50% wavo akafa, uye vakapona vanowanzotambura kubva pfungwa zvirwere. Ratidza sepsis anogona pamusoro nguva pakarepo (rimwe zuva mukati) kana (kubva vhiki imwe 3 months). zviratidzo:

• hope;
• murombo unomwa;
• kufema insufficiency;
• hypotension arteries;
• bacteremia (kuvapo utachiona muropa);
• mabayo kana yomumuzongoza.

Vakadzi vane pamuviri streptococcal sepsis kunooneka pacharo kurwadziwa uye bloating, bacteremia. Dzimwe nguva tanga yomumuzongoza uye / kana infective endocarditis.

All Mapato vemunyika boka B streptococci kukonzera chirwere chakadai:

• yomumuzongoza;
• nemabayo;
• purulent chearthritis;
• kuzvimba urogenital turakiti;
• osteomyelitis;
• pelvic pute, peritoneal uye nevamwe.

Streptococcal mapoka C uye D

A vashoma vanhu vakawana mamwe mapoka streptococci. Utachiona weboka racho C vari Beta-hemolytic uye kukonzera chirwere dzakafanana utachiona A-boka. Rinoreva boka D uye streptococci, uye enterococci. Vanovata chirwere kunyanya vakwegura, kusimba chirwere kwevanhu uye vaya vanogamuchira mishonga nokuda kusingadzorwi akaputsa pakuenzanisa microflora pamuviri.

Kazhinji vanhu vanobvunza chii mwero streptococci, nokuti havasi kukonzera chirwere. Zvazvakadaro, hapana chakaipa nazvo. Mabhakitiriya aya hazvikuvadzi, apo zvirwere anokwanisa 'dzirambe dzaserera. " Naizvozvo, chikuru basa tese - kuvandudza uye kusimbisa kwako rokuzvidzivirira munzira dzose, izvo zvinowanikwa chete. Kana akangoerekana simba, streptococci vari kuwanei kudzoreka uye kurwiswa. Paradzai utachiona zvisinganzwisiswi sezvo nzvimbo pamudyandigere mumaawa mashoma zvichakutorera itsva, nekuti vari zvakazara zvakatipoteredza. The zvokuudzwa streptococci kugoverana kusvika 60% zvigare zvose. Kana streptococci mumapoka, detectable pamusoro mucous sikarudzi, kazhinji havafaniri kuva.