State Nature Reserve Zeya, Amur Region

nyika Russian iri inozivikanwa runako. Kuvadzivirira kubva pakufurira womunhu, akadzivirira pamakona vakasikwa panguva mamiriro pamwero. Imwe yenzvimbo idzi ndiwo Zeya Reserve mudonzvo uyo akakwanisa kuchengetedza zvisikwa zviri kushanda node.

Location uye kwakaita nzvimbo yacho

Saka, apo ari Zeya Reserve? Ndima yayo runobva kuna Far Eastern Federal District, uye riri pedyo nomuganhu yeRussia pamwe China. Administratively nezvavo savakuru Amur Region.

The kuchengeterwa inoremekedzwa Kumabvazuva chikamu muhomba pamwe risingazivikanwi zita Tukuringa apo nomumakomo akayambuka rakamanikana rwizi mumupata Zeya, uyo nokukudzwa uye zita chinhu. Kwete kure kure ndiyo guta Zeya, ane kare.

Reserve nzvimbo - pfuurei zviuru 82 hectares. kwakaita nzvimbo yacho Its kunoratidzwa kumawere (70 madhigirii) uye sandara watersheds kuti kudzora kumavambiso rwizi nemipata zviri 400-600 mamita. riverbeds hwokuratidza zvakadzama kwazvo, nezvakawanda nezvikumbaridzo yakarembera miromo nemapopoma.

History of pakusikwa chengetedza

Zeya Reserve kwakatangwa chirongwa hunonyanya Soviet geologist Alexander Stepanovich Khomentovskii. Kazhinji, kugadzwa akanga achiri maviri remakore rapfuura, asi kwakaita mberi chete sixties. Birth Year Reserve akatanga 1963rd.

Chinangwa charo chikuru yokudzivirirwa creators akaisa bhuku nzvimbo dzakakwirira uye yayo kudzidza. Uyezve, masayendisiti pano kuongorora matambudziko ari Zeya dura pamusoro dzinongoitika gadziriro.

Basa kuitwa Reserve musango rangers, foresters avo vabatsiri, muri netsoka, akatasva bhiza, neigwa kana zvikepe kugara kuzoongorora ndima avakapiwa uye kuchengetedza hurongwa.

okunze zvinhu

The dzinotaurwa kuchengeterwa iri zvine mwero kuchitonhora. Paavhareji tembiricha wegore - kubvisa mana matanhatu inegumi. In yechando tembiricha anodonhedza kuti madhigirii matatu pazasi zero, uye muzhizha kashoma hunopfuura vosemnatsati.

Winter rakajeka, malovetrenaya yakaoma. Snow Falls zvishoma, asi nokuti tembiricha yakaderera vakachengeterwa kugadzikana, hapana kunyunguduka riri rose chando, kubva October kusvika April. Kukwirira chando pachinenge mumapani uye mezvikomo nzvimbo kunosvika masendimita makumi maviri, asi pedyo kudenga, zvikuru chando. With ose kiromita pabutiro kukwirira iri yakawedzera matatu masendimita.

Spring pamusoro kuchengeterwa kutsigira mhepo, asi inonaya zvakare pasi. tembiricha rwokuchengeta zvakakwana muchitonhorera. Summer Zeya Reserve kunoshamisa vashanyi dzaro unoshamisa chakajairika - chokumusoro kunosvika enzizi pamusoro pakanyorwa Cherry maruva unmelted chando. Kazhinji, Muzhizha munzvimbo zhinji dzendima kunoratidzwa noushamwari uye nyorovera ekunze. Mumatsutso zvaoma uye vhuvhuta. Mudukusa kunayisa inowira muna October.

Wevhu ari chengetedza

Nevhu inofukidza kuchengeterwa haagoni kunzi yakaorera. Kumabvazuva Chikamu muhomba inoganhurana pamwe mapazi ose permafrost, uye izvi zvine zvazvinoita ivhu. The -oma rukoko iri mvura, pakupedzisira kufukidza emakomo iri overdried uye dzine mabwe. A ivhu dzegirini uye zvimwiro, nekusiyana, pamusoro-nomuti mwando, riri haakonzeri chokubereka.

reservoirs

Nzizi dzose kuti vayambuke mundima kuchengeterwa chokuita bheseni rworwizi Zeya, iyo Zeya Dam yakavakwa.

Isati yasikwa nevanhu gungwa rwizi akasiyana wakaoma hunhu. Movement pamusoro aitenge nemhaka hombe kuyerera mwero uye vakawanda shoals uye Mangondo. Nezvengozi kufamba pamusoro rwizi zvinoratidza mazita nhengo dzayo; Large uye Small Cannibals, raDhiyabhorosi muchoto, etc.

Kamwe muzhizha Zeya runofashukira mahombekombe arwo, uye misha pedyo vakazviwana pasi mvura. Kuburikidza kuvakwa reservoirs murume akakwanisa ungapingudza wakaoma. Today Zeya ndiye navigable uye anounza zvakawanda zvikuru kupfuura kare.

Vose nzvimbo pasi mvura miviri iri kuchengeterwa iri 770 hectares. Kumboda chinhu rwizi. Kune anezvimiti.

muriwo nyika

Vegetable kuchengeterwa mapazi ari gomo-achinaya mvura, boreal kunzwisisa. In yepazasi chikamu muhomba chinhu rakajeka larch nechokufukidzira chamatebwe erosemary; chete pamusoro muri coniferous masango isingawanzopotswi gomo dota, Birch uye woolly dombo (pasi pano akafuka mutema Moss); uye panguva chaizvo pamusoro sorusvingo kwegore risingapindiki inokura zvinokambaira emisidhari.

dzakatenuka vaya muhomba, rinotaura dura, inozivikanwa nokuda Manchurian kasvisto. Plateaulike watersheds murombo Woody uswa - ivo achinaya mvura nzvimbo akafukidzwa nemiti uye miriwo.

Reserve Zeya anozivikanwa mumatenhere Ajan spruce, iyo rinodederesa saizi yayo. Miti richisvika matatu metres kureba uye ane mita mu girth. Vanorarama kwemakore mana. Vamwe nenzvimbo yemisipiresi akambopiwa nomoto, zvino vashoma chete larch Gmelin.

Ochadhi zvinomera Reserve ikakuruma, uye kakawanda mugumisiro moto, kana panzvimbo vakapisa mumatenhere Ajan spruce rutsanga kuoneka yepepuru uye Sugawara.

The muhomba anganzi Tukuringra chipo umambo notumwe. Pano vakanga vatova 158 marudzi. Vamwe vavo anoora matanda akafa. Kubva mhando dzinodyiwa zvinowanikwa sezvinotevera: chena howa, boletus munhuwo, tsvuku boletus, greasers, uye larch tsvuku agaric chaiyo, safuroni, Lactarius pubescens.

Lichens vanowanikwa 155 marudzi, vakaonawo kuti bryophytes maviri chete mhando. 637 mhando vascular miti inogona kuwanikwa chengetedza.

Nemiti hunodzorwa dzomusango erosemary, Dahurian zvikwenzi, blueberries, Rosa acicularis, Spiraea avhareji uye ichitenderera. The wetlands uye masango anonaya uye spruce masango kune sedges siyana, aconite Lyubarskii, shamrock, Pedicularis Labrador, Volzhanka Asian, Maianthemum bifolium, wintergreen, Fern. Wakaoma masango kukura munhenga, buttercup Japanese, Amur ruva, Violet palmate, vanoverengeka mhando Geranium, goutweed gomo, asteri wechiTatar, Kozelec wakaisvonaka.

Zeya Reserve: mhuka neshiri

Pamberi pakusikwa Zeya Dam kusiyana hove dzemarudzi ari rezasi uye okumusoro kunosvika rwizi zvakasiyana nokure. Mushure bindepinde rwizi Zeya mumatanda Rainbow, grayling, whitefish, neKubhi nokukurumidza akaramba. Zvisinei, ivo vakawedzera uwandu gudgeon, dace, rotan uye minnow.

Ndima The Reserve kunoitwa befu vazhinji mhando dzemhuka. Maererano dzakakwirira kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba vakatama Fauna of Eastern kweSiberia. A rwizi mumipata, vakapfuura vari mawere, vakapfuura vanhu Amur mhuka zviuru, vachitevera, nekusiyana, kuchamhembe.

Zeya Reserve ndiyo inozivikanwa kwayo watch, kureva kuti huku, izvo akapa pano nani kupfuura kumwe kuFar East. Zvezvisarudzo siyana - Hazel Grouse, capercaillie, ptarmigan uye achinaya mvura, spruce Grouse, etc.

Asi mhuka hoofed haisi zvikuru. Rinogona kunzi Stony, nemharapara nondo, tsvuku nondo uye musk nondo, uye kunyange dzimwe nguva anouya musii.

Mukati kuchengeterwa zvakapararira Sable, ermine nevamwe nhengo Chidembo. Dzimwe anouya kuyambuka yokuSpain. Pamhenderekedzo nzizi kuti vemhuri 3-5 vanhu gomo kurarama mapere. In zvose altitudinal mabhandi zvakafanana shava nebere. Kazhinji, mhuka nyika pamusoro mujinga ari muhomba Tukuringra evasingatombonamati taiga.

Kudzivirirwa zvisingawanzoitiki kwemarudzi

Basa iri kuchengeterwa ndehwokuti maximally kuchengetedza zvisingawanzoitiki mhando zvemhuka uye zvinomera, izvo pane zvakawanda.

Kana pamusoro pezvatinotaura nemiti, muna Russian Federation Red Book vanobatanidzwa, akadai kwomukadzi wacho patapata (zvechokwadi uye macranthon) epipogium nayo isina mashizha, Paeonia obovata, Calypso hanyanisi, etc.

Pakati peshiri hadziwanzowaniki spruce Grouse kare pamusoro apa, uyewo duku nejichidza, Baikal Teal, Mandarin Dhadha, zizi, norukodzi, dema shuramurove uye nevamwe.

Pakati zvisingawanzoitiki mhuka inogona kusiyanisa chikara, riri inozivikanwa kuti Amur Region uye Far East ari zvavo. Ndicho kuSiberia ingwe. Mumwe pangozi, kudzivirira pano - Solongo.

ushanyi

Hatigoni kutaura kuti Zeya Reserve touristy. Kunyange zvakadaro, chinhu kuchengetedzwa nzvimbo, uye kuvapo vanhu kunofanira kungoitirwa pano. Asi vaya vakanga rombo zvakakwana kuti pano, rokuenda kuchengeterwa kuchaunza yakawanda kunonakidza.

Attention Vafambi vakakodzerwa hunhu Museum, wakasvinudza muna 1991. Munogonawo kuronga zuva musango kana mvura dzinoyevedza rwokuparidza pamwe kushanyira kwaIsakari.

Goltz akadana pakati chikamu kuwanda Tukuringra, anodzivirira nokuda gomo achinaya mvura masango nedanda elfin huni. Kubva panguva iyi pechikomo wakazarura kwazvo maonero ari Zeya Dam, picturesque mumupata uye The nomuzongoza. In pachena mamiriro okunze, Nzvimbo anooneka zvakakwana pane chinhambwe 150 makiromita.

Gomo yakachena mhepo, pristine masango, mukana kusangana panzira yenyu mhuka, uyewo kuongorora mashiripiti panoraama kuti Zeya Reserve anokwezva kwazvo nzvimbo ari kutsvaka simba manzwiro uye chaunenge uchida aesthetic mafaro.