South Ural Reserve (mufananidzo)

South Ural Reserve - inzvimbo iyo ndewe kushanyira munhu ari kushingaira vanofarira Russian Federation rakasiyana zvinhu. Uye kuita saka inokurudzirwa kwete chete vaenzi kubva pedo uye kure kunze, asi vagari venyika yedu. Sei? The ndechokuti dzimwe nguva, akaberekwa kana kurarama pedyo zvinoshamisa nzvimbo, hatina kuwana nguva kuti tizive navo pedyo.

The South Ural Reserve ndiko kuenda chero nguva yegore. Pose rakanaka uye nemamwe kwavowo. On chitubu yakanaka, muzhizha uye mumatsutso mazuva pano iwe chokutyira pakati pemiti uye uswa, kufema mhepo yakachena, kuti vaunganidze, zvichienderana mwaka, maruva, michero kana howa. Asi munguva yechando of South Ural State Nature Reserve ichichinja paradhiso vanoda Skiing, vachiridza snowballs kana bofu Snowman hombe.

Nyaya ino ndehwokuti kukuudza pamusoro tarenda nzvimbo, rakamiswa pamusoro nharaunda nyika yedu. South Ural Reserve chaizvoizvo ane mukurumbira ari kufarira kuzororo kuti veko. Asi vashanyi kubva kune dzimwe nyika, zvinosuruvarisa havasi vazhinji kudaro, asi vaya vachiri mhanza zvakakwana kunoshanyira pano, sezvinoita mutemo, tora musha wavo kwete chete mavara mifananidzo, asi ndangariro zvikuru.

zvakanaka nzvimbo

South Ural Reserve, vane mifananidzo inogona kuwanikwa anenge ose remirayiridzo, yakatsaurirwa kunaka nyika yedu, vose iri mundima Republic of Bashkortostan (90% munzvimbo Beloretsk) uye kuChelyabinsk mudunhu.

Sezvineiwo, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Katav-Ivanovo weruwa kuchengeterwa ane nzvimbo pamusoro 24 zviuru. Ha, muna kuChelyabinsk mudunhu., Iri kupfuura makomo uye wakajeka nzvimbo Southern Urals.

Mountain yemakomo, zvakatevedzana yepanyama paka

South Ural State Reserve iri muna kwazvo uye panguva imwecheteyo chepamusorosoro chikamu Southern Urals. Anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri Mashakah, Nara Zigalga, uye Kumardak Yamantau kuko fomu gomo soro raiva pedyo nebundu pamwe zvepamusoro chiratidzo 1639 M pamusoro pegungwa. cheni Western aimiririra pano nhongonya enzvimbo rose gadziriro Dry kupisa (Merry, Round, Sall, placer).

Complex cheni fomu sezvo muhomba uye Mashakah Yamantau kuko.

Nzizi uye mvura nehurongwa

The kuchengeterwa chikamu rwizi wemuTesitamende Watershed muruwa. White. waterways All pano zvinogona kunzi muchikwata nzizi duku, nekuti kureba kwavo idukusa 100 km. The Kudeuka vanoonekwa Small uye Inzer Large, Tyulmen, Yuryuzan nokudzvova.

Uyezve, mune 13 nenzizi 10-19? Km refu. Uwandu zvikova diki uye hova inosvika inoshamisa zvidimbu ane 300.

Vazhinji renguva inoyerera nzizi Reserve, pamwe-soro mwero module ane zvaimutambisira wokushambidzira. Tyulmen. Summer-mumatsutso yakaderera mvura kunoitika June uye October, asi nguva dzose kwedzimwe mvura nenzizi.

Chando rwizi ari kuchengeterwa, sezvo mutemo, pakutanga November. Freezing kazhinji anoramba kusvikira gumi April rechipiri.

Asi muduku huwandu mvura ndee muna August.

History of pakusikwa chengetedza

Kusvikira pamusoro pezana XVIII remakore. ndima nhasi South Ural Reserve, vaiona kuti taita yakatanga.

Somuenzaniso, achitarisa bhuku iri nharaunda kusikwa, unogona kuona kuti pane 1795 imomo dzakavakwa misha mitatu chete - Berdagulovo, Aripkulovo uye Ilmyashevo.

Vanhu muno XVIII-XIX Art. ainyanya vaiita Semi-anongofamba pastoralists, dzimwe nguva apiculture. Sezvineiwo, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kure ari kuchengeterwa akachengetedzwa muti mhango miti.

Muzana XVIII remakore. Zvakatanga vanonzi gomo-fekitari padanho kukura Southern Urals: simbi-simbi miti dzakavakwa pamusoro muganhu chengetedza chaipo. Yakatanga pamwero mukuru, dzimwe nguva kutyaira, uye kutema saka dzinoparadza. Construction The zimbe yamavira dzinodawo guru mari mari. Uyezve, kugadzirwa nesimbi esimbi deposits akanga akatakurwa ari chengetedza.

Muna 1924, sezvinei nekuda zvakatipoteredza, mbeu dzakamiswa, ipapo yakavharwa, uye kukura kwakanga yomudondo indasitiri.

Flora of South Ural Reserve

To musi, munharaunda yepanyama paka iri 698 mhando yepamusoro zvinomera, 121 maonero howa, yakawanda Moss, ivhu algae, lichens.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vazhinji vavo akanyorwa muna Red muBhuku Russia, uye 57 marudzi vari zvisaririra kare Geological epochs vechokwadi.

Scaffold ari kuchengeterwa 90% of nzvimbo akafukidzwa, kiyi muti zvipenyu zviri softwood (4 siyana) uye Deciduous miti (10 marudzi).

32% of kuchengeterwa nzvimbo inogarwa coniferous spruce yemisipiresi masango, apo zvinonyanya zvakajairika yemisipiresi uye Siberian spruce. Masango Coniferous vari kuumbwa, sezvinoita mutemo, Scots nemipaini uye dziri kumaodzanyemba chikamu kuchengeterwa, pavanondirwisa, zvinosuruvarisa akatambudzika zvikuru nokuda zvisiri pamutemo kutema.

Zvinowanikwa kuchengeterwa uye arrays diki ine predominance vachena alder, Linden serdtselistnoy, Chirungu pomuouki, Maple, Birch uye fluffy ichitenderera, zvakasiyana the willow, shiri Cherry.

South Ural Reserve. Animals uye shiri

The kuchengeterwa musha 50 mhando mhuka, 260 - vertebrate, 20 - hove, 189 -ptits, uye 5 mhando nezvinokambaira uye amphibians.

The mammalian fauna of kunyanya inomiririrwa dondo vagere, asi pane vaviri acclimatized marudzi - ndiye American mink uye muskrat.

Ungulates kunyanya zvakafanana Elk. Kuwanda mhuka idzi vanhu 400-700 chete, zvisina sezvinongoitawo zvingaita sokuti pakutanga kuaona.

Kubva nguva nenguva, vachifamba dondo makwara uye patsangadzi, unogona kuuya mhiri nondo nezvikara musii. Kuramba South Ural kuchengeterwa anogara 13 mhando dzinodya dzimwe mhuka, kusanganisira mashava nebere, mbiru, mhumhi, gava, yokuSpain, the marten, Chidembo, ermine uye nevamwe.

Panewo kutsakatika muRepublic rwizi otter. Familiar uye kakawanda vagari Natural Park anogona kunzi ave Matehwe uye netsuro.

Mukati mundima kuchengeterwa musha 19 mhando nemakonzo, iyo vakawanda tsindi, chipmunk buzz, Beaver, makonzo uye voles. A zvisingawanzoitiki chaizvo howa - zvichida ndicho zvinobhururuka tsindi. Insectivores akauya pano rudzi sere, zvikuru kugara European tyoni uye Chidembo, shrew, uye vamwe.

To musi chaiwo 189 eshiri vanogara chengetedza. Nenzira, 11 vavo refu rwakaiswa pangozi munyika yedu, kuti Rukodzi runonzi norukodzi, dema neshuramurove, yendarama chapungu, hanzi Red-, nyoka gondo, mukuru mavara chapungu, gondo chena-tailed, gondo, norukodzi, Oystercatcher, shrike.

The shiri fauna of rinoumbwa kunonyanya yeshiri dondo, vakawanda Grouse uye capercaillie.

Chii basa kudzivirira zvisikwa chengetedza

mubvunzo uyu akafanirwa vainyatsotarisirwa, saka zvinokosha kuti kupa mhinduro dzakawanda hwakadzama. Chii kudikanwa nzvimbo, kana chimwe, Chokwadi, ipapo?

Yose ndeyokuti kuti South-Ural Russian dzinongoitika kuchengeterwa yakatangwa kuti nemamwe dzinongoitika zvivako zviri Southern Urals akachengetedzwa kwaro chaivo, chokutanga chimiro. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya hwokusanyara spruce yemisipiresi masango. Rare mhando omunzvimbo kasvisto, miti nemhuka zvakazonaka, dzinongoitika wetlands, Zvikwenzi chirimwa nharaunda - zvose izvo zvinofanira akachengetedza zvizvarwa zvomunguva yemberi uye kuti zvinakire nyika yedu.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Kutaura ichi wechisikigo park, tisingatauri shoma anonakidza zvikuru mashoko.

Somuenzaniso, haasi munhu wose anoziva kure kuti yose kuchengeterwa kureba 270? Km. Nzvimbo iyi ndiyo chaizvoizvo hombe, kunyange Russian Federation akamboona.

Kumadokero Chikamu kuchengeterwa - rworudyi kumahombekombe erwizi. Yamashta, p. Tyulmen uye dzakatenuka kumabvazuva vanonzi makomo pakaoma. Northern Cordon zvakare rinobatana kumuganhu zvokuvhoterwa, riri pamusoro 40? Km.

The kuchengeterwa iri chepamusoro chikamu kumaodzanyemba Urals. Pano, pamusoro munharaunda yayo, vakanga kamwe kwakavakirwa anokosha misha kuti vaidzvinyirirwa vanhu uye musasa kupanichwa nokuda vokuGermany.