Asteroid: Antarctica, Mexico ...

Kuwa ane asteroid Panyika - a dambudziko pamusoro raizoitwa munyika yose. Nguva dzose zvakaita kuti kuchinja okunze enzvimbo yedu, nokuti izvo kufa kuwanda kwemarudzi zvipenyu. Maererano zvikuru chakavimbika pfungwa, dzinova asteroid akaita Permian-Triassic kutsakatika chiitiko anenge makore mazana maviri namakumi mashanu mamiriyoni apfuura. Permian kutsakatika, kunyange zvazvo asina chaizvo aizivikanwa voruzhinji, akanga zvikuru kusiririsa pane yakakurumbira dainoso kutsakatika makore mamiriyoni manomwe apfuura. Muchiitiko chokutanga akafa kusvika 96% kwemarudzi ose zvomumvura zvipenyu (zvakadai miti nemhuka). On nyika zvinhu haana nani: kuuraya makumi manomwe kubva muzana pano vertebrate marudzi masere nevatatu muzana zvipembenene kwemarudzi. Izvi vakawanda kutsakatika rezvipembenene zvakasikwa akanga asisiri, sezvo arthropods izvi zviri nyore chaizvo kuchinja kuti kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu.

Njodzi yechipiri yakanga ndoda dzinoparadza, asi zvino, zvakare, paiva yokutsiva zvipenyu hukuru, zvichiita kuti chidzoke uye kugadzira mhuka. Pfungwa nhamba imwe - chete asteroid. Muchiitiko chokutanga, vatsvakurudzi kutaura Wilkes Land mwena muna Antarctica, iyo, vari Sokuona kwavo, yakaumbwa nokuwa kune asteroid, wechipiri - on Chicxulub mwena kuMexico.

Wilkes Land mwena ane dhayamita makiromita mazana mashanu. Zvinonzi zvakavigwa pasi chando goko pamusoro Antarctica, saka kudzidza haisati zvinobvira. Asi muna 2009 zvakanzi kuitwa radar zvidzidzo, uye akawana kuti ane chimiro chinoratidza kunokanganisa craters achiumbwa pasi nzvimbo asteroid kana hombe meteorite. Crater Chiksulub duku zvikuru uye ane dhayamita rimwe namakumi masere makiromita. Ndizvo kukura asteroid rawa zvinoenderana pamwero kutsakatika pano zvipenyu.

Nyanzvi dzezvomuchadenga hapana tabvumirana pamusoro pemhando kuoneka chiitiko - kuwa asteroid, uye vamwe - kuwa a meteorite, kometi kana zvimwewo. Vanotsvakurudza kudenga havagoni kusarudza chii yokudenga miviri zvinofanira semhosva asteroids, uye chii - kune meteorites uye kunyange nemapuraneti. Makore manomwe akapfuura, pundits vakasarudza govera boka itsva mitumbi yokudenga. It akanyora asteroids huru dzakawanda uye demoted kubva chinzvimbo ichi nyika Pluto. Kirasi akasarudza kunzi "mapuraneti pfupi." Innovation haina kwose kugamuchirwa, sezvo nyanzvi dzakawanda vangakakavara nzira yakakodzera chete kupatsanura itsva.

Chii chakaitika muna mid-February chiitiko yakadengenyeka Russia, uye kunyanya - Ural. The meteorite, iyo ikawira pedyo kuChelyabinsk, nyanzvi dzokununura kubva NASA vaiona huru kupfuura vakachengeta vanhu mushure Tunguska. On kuyeuka vanhu yaiva meteorite kuti akakonzera kupfuura kukuvara uye kukuvara. Kunyange zvazvo iye akaputsa zvidimbu pamberi kusvika pasi, akakwanisa kuita zvakawanda matambudziko, kunyange kuparadza chitoro rimwe kuChelyabinsk chirimwa. The wokudhinda yakataura kuti meteorite - akatangira asteroid kuti achapfuura pedyo Earth, uye zvingangodaro kuti achawira kumunda kukwezvana nyika yedu.

Zvinofadza meteorites ari Urals kuva chinhu anenge vanoshamwaridzana, pachake, chizvarwa. A duku nzvimbo kuChelyabinsk nharaunda (asingasviki zviuru makumi mativi kilometers) mumazuva ekupedzisira-manomwe nemashanu kechitatu anova musimboti kukwezvana vashanyi kubva muchadenga. Muna 1941 uye 1949, munzvimbo yaiva kuchamhembe kweguta Katav-Ivanovsk uye musha Kunashak vachawa meteorites, kunyange zviduku zvakawanda kukura. All zvitatu zvinogona chokuita kwokuputsika nzvimbo imwe anenge yakarurama mutsetse kureba hapana anopfuura mazana maviri namakumi mashanu makiromita. Kwakadaro meteorites wevasungwa munguva shoma munzvimbo yakadaro pfupi nguva haina kuwanikwa pose. Zvakanaka, chete vamwe usingaonekwi!

The tsaona iri Urals kwakaratidza kuti tiri pangozi bombardment kubva muchadenga. MuRussia, akatanga kukura chirongwa kwemakore gumi kuti kudzivirirwa yepasi pose vanotyisidzirwa.