Pamafudzi tsandanyama, emberi uye fudzi nebhanhire

Fudzi bhanhire ine mapfupa vatatu: clavicle, scapula, humerus mapfupa (bvupa yokumusoro ruoko), uyewo tsandanyama, mapfupa nemarunda. Pamafudzi majoini vari chinjwa majoini pakati pamafudzi mapfupa. Tsandanyama uye mapfundo ndiwo fudzi kubvumira kuti kufamba nenzira akafanorongerwa zvakawanda inofamba. Tsandanyama of pafudzi fudzi bhanhire vane basa racho ari scapula, humerus, uye clavicle. Uyezve, tsandanyama idzi zvinoumbwa bandauko, pafudzi vadyi uye axillae (muhapwa). Somuenzaniso, mashoko woita gandiwa pakati pamafudzi muhudyu aumbwa deltoid tsandanyama. Anatomically, rinomiririra yakasiyana akagadzirwa fibers vane kushanda iri chikwata nechepakati tsinga.

Human pafudzi - ndiyo yokumusoro chikamu ruoko tsandanyama uye mapfupa, akagumisa pakati papfudzi uye kugokora majoini. Yokumusoro panogumira pamafudzi - a transverse mutsetse repasi pamucheto pectoralis guru, teres huru tsandanyama uye rakafara musana tsandanyama. Rezasi muganhu nhema pamusoro (2 transverse munwe) pakati condyles ari humerus. Pamafudzi Tsandanyama vanosarudzirwa pamberi uye shure hukawanika yacho humerus. The boka pamberi tsandanyama inonzi biceps (mu Latin - musculus biceps brachii) kana biceps. Posterior boka Tsandanyama - triceps (mu Latin - musculus triceps brachii) uye triceps.

Vakashinga uye kwakavharwa nenyama zvinyama (skeletal, kana zviri Anonziwo striated) inoita chidzva tsandanyama, nemhaka kugona kwavo kuderedza tsinga nomunhu. Nokuda zvivako izvi tsandanyama rinenge riri kufamba kugokora uye triceps uye biceps ndivo kufamba izvi. Uyezve, vaviri tsandanyama idzi kuona chimiro bandauko, iyo kunoenderana dhigirii mafuta uye tsandanyama. Nokuda subcutaneous mafuta muvana uye vakadzi ndokudzora reliefs tsandanyama uye ruoko ane chimiro pedyo yakarurama humburumbira. In varume vane tsandanyama papfudzi zvikuru vhoriyamu iri repamusoro chikamu pane munharaunda inoganhurana kugokora.

zita kwezuva nezuva of biceps - biceps - rinobva mumashoko maviri Latin: bis, iyo anoshandura sezvo kaviri, uye caput, zvichireva musoro mushanduro. Biceps (mbiri tsandanyama tsapo) ane misoro miviri, unobva pakati pamafudzi kusvika vanhuwo tsandanyama dumbu. Musoro refu wanamatira chipande (epiarticular roughness zvanza) kutanga mudzira. Short musoro uyewo rinotanga kubva chipande (coracoid muitiro). Biceps vasiyana pamusoro honokono mudzira kuguma, izvo kupinda nhamba dumbu. The chikuru basa tsandanyama iri flexion pakati kugokora muhudyu choruoko. Zvinonzi innervated nokuda tsandanyama-cutaneous tsinga.

zita kwezuva nezuva of triceps tsandanyama - triceps - kunobva mashoko maviri Latin, wokutanga vavo (saith) ndiko matatu, uye wechipiri (caput), sezvo yave inorondedzerwa apa. Ichi chinhu chikuru mhasuru iri vanenge 2/3 ruoko tsandanyama uye basa kuswatura (kuswatura) ruoko panguva kugokora, kugokora vadyi uyewo rinoburitsa kana honokono uye anoshandiswa sangano wakanaka, zvakadai paainyora. Inoitwa tsapo matatu tsandanyama rinenge kuti kunotanga misoro matatu (refu, medial uye lateral), uye wekuita pamwe chete mudzira kugokora. Classically, zvinofungidzirwa kuti vakuru vose vatatu triceps tsandanyama iri innervated ne pakati TOUR etsinga. Zvisinei, pane zvakabuda zvidzidzo kuratidza kuti innervation angava bazi axillary etsinga.

Human honokono ndiyo chikamu ruoko, iro riri pakati kugokora muhudyu uye chiningoningo (zvimwe inonzi chiningoningo). The honokono ine mbiri mapfupa uye tsandanyama (ulnar uye TOUR). Muscle rinenge achiumbwa zvina akaturikidzana ose tsandanyama, inova pamberi Panel, uyewo mbiri akaturikidzana kumusana mapoka tsandanyama. Mugumisiro basa ravo ndiwo kufamba maoko (kusanganisira phalanges) uye chiningoningo. Kazhinji, tsandanyama pamusoro pamafudzi uye honokono anopa zvakawanda ruoko kufamba, emberi uye maoko.