Chirungu memuouki: rondedzero chirimwa

Chirungu nemiouki rimwe nehafu metres dhayamita uye 40 M kureba, uye ayo hwose ari makore 300-400. Mumiriri mukuru ndiye pomuouki, izvo, maererano nenyanzvi, kupa hafu makore churu.

Ihwo muti ane cylindrical mudende, akafukidza silvery-jena nemakwati uye hombe globular korona o. Chirimwa ane vaima awo chiedza zvisvundu kana yakatsvukuruka-pfumbu pamwe whitish lenticels diki, izvo nezera kuva chiedza pfumbu ruvara. Panoperera nhungirwa apical chipande achitsvaka 5 mm ukobvu uye 6 mm pakureba, mujinga izvo vashomanana chete, duku, vavakidzani.

All nhungirwa, riri Chirungu pomuouki, chiedza shava ruvara pamwe kungopotsera kana zvakajeka miromo. Mashizha emiti elongate obovate, pamwe 6-8 lateral lobes vanosvika 7 masendimita pakureba uye 4-6 masendimita yakafara, vane Rakaunyana unaku. Mashizha ruvara pamusoro - rima mutema, kupenyerera, pazasi - green kana yellowish. Uku kurondedzera kukwana momuoki.

Uyewo, muti maruva dioecious. 6 Trousers ine Stamens uye membranous perianth inounganidzwa refu akarembera mhete boka gumi, izvo dzinongoda panzvimbo dzapasi chikamu majaya matavi kana magumo regore rakapera zvinoshandiswa. Female maruva vagere pamwechete pamusoro yakatsvukuruka refu hunde uye akaumbwa yoga perianth, masa pamwe mutema chikero, uye ovaries vane filamentous mucheto rusarura.

Acorns - muchero iyo resets Chirungu pomuouki, vachikura 4 masendimita pakureba uye 1,2 masendimita ari dhayamita, vane cylindrical kana elongated ovoid chimiro, akafukidza nhete Woody ganda brownish-yellow kana chiedza mashava. Mujinga acorn patellate cupule.

Pedunculate fomu sehwakajairika pomuouki, rapararira Europe yose. Muganhu kukura kuchamhembe kunosvika kumusoro St. Petersburg uye kumaodzanyemba Perm uye Vologda. Chirimwa hunowanikwa chakakanyiwa kana wakachena mikoko nenzira mbiri (uye mushakabvu-ranoraspuskayuschiysya pomuouki), akasiyana munguva kutanga phenological maitikiro. An mangwanani chimiro muti anotanga anotumbuka mukupera April-mangwanani May. Acorn kuibvisa kunoitika muna October.

Zvikurukuru, zvakafanana pomuouki rinokura munzvimbo yakavhenganiswa musango pedyo padurunhuru, hornbeam, Maple, dzimwe nguva unogona kusangana noushamwari kumhara (floodplain pomuouki masango).

Ranoraspuskayuschayasya chimiro pamuouki kupararira pasi akapfuma nyoro nevhu, pozdnoraspuskayuschayasya anoda dzakakwirira nezvishoma vadanana. Chirimwa yedzinza hwakanyatsorwisa chiedza-rudo zvipenyu kuti vanosarudza rokumusoro divi otenenie zvizere jekeso. Chirungu pamuouki chokuita xeromesophyte uye anogona kugadzirisa vashoma shoma mvura. Zvakanakisisa kudyara achikura loamy uye jecha nevhu.

Oak inokura ane simba, nomuakasia ane chimiro chakanaka kuti awana kushandiswa Joinery, fenicha gadzira, uye chikepe uye kuvaka motokari. The chinokosha huni, inova nguva avete pasi kana pasi mumvura (dema pomuouki). Kubva acorns zvirimwa yakabereka ersatz kofi ari nemakwati rine kusvika 18 muzana tannin, unosvikowana kushandisa mune zvokurapa indasitiri. Mukuwedzera, memuouki slatted zvinowanzoshandiswa afforestation sezvo polezaschity iri paki kuvaka, nokuti mapindu migwagwa uye avhenyu kudyara.

Zvinenge zvikamu dzose chirimwa zvine tannins, iyo pave kusukuta matehwe atakatora. Acorns ane inenge 40 muzana starch. Kuhukura uye nemiouki mashizha, izvo kumorwa muchirimo uye chirimo vechiduku miti rinoshandiswa senzira somushonga chirimwa kuti pagadzirwe Anti-anogumbura, akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona, uye hemostatic nevamiririri.