Social uye zvipenyu zviri mumunhu. Philosophy: dambudziko ukama chaivo uye nemagariro ari murume

Kukura munhu uye nzanga nemhaka yokushamwaridzana wezwi pakugadzirwa ukama pakati vanhu. The chaizvo hunhu wemunhu kunobva pasocial hwaro, izvo zvinoratidzwa mupfungwa, mutsika uye nevamwe. Zvisinei, hazvibviri kuti kurerutsa zvinoumba vanhu chomumwe zvipenyu marudzi, izvo pakutanga anotipa majini zvaisazogona. Pakati pavo vane chido vararame, vaberekane uye kuchengeta mwana.

Kunyange kana isu funga zvipenyu uye magariro munhu zvishoma, unofanira kutaura mamiriro muhondo kunobva Dual hunhu. Panguva iyo pane nzvimbo uye yokukakavadzniswa kubatana, izvo anobvumira munhu kuti vagare vari siyana zvinangwa. Kudivi rimwe, chido panotaurwa kodzero wacho uye nyika rugare, asi pane dzimwe - kuti hondo uye mhosva.

Social uye utachiona zvinhu

Kuti tinzwisise zvinetso ukama chaivo uye munzanga vanofanira kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro dzinokosha zvinhu kumativi ose avanhu. Muchiitiko ichi tiri kutaura zvinhu anthropogenesis. Hama zvoutachiona zvazviri, kunyanya pachena kukura maoko uye pfungwa, bipedalism, uyewo tichikwanisa kutaura. Pakati anokosha magariro zvinhu kusiyanisa basa, kukurukurirana, tsika uye seboka chiito.

Nechekare muenzaniso zvinhu pamusoro apa, tinogona kugumisa kuti kubatana chaivo uye munzanga munhu haisi bvumidzwa asi ipapo organically. Chimwe chinhu ndechokuti haina kukanzura kupokanidzana kuti kugadzirisa pamwero yakasiyana-siyana basa.

Zvakakosha kuziva kukosha basa, waiva mumwe zvinokosha pakugadzirwa murume ano. Just munguva somuenzaniso ichi zvakajeka akaratidza kubatana pakati maviri anoita pakatarisana masangano. Kudivi rimwe, bipedalism akasunungura ruoko uye kuti zvinobudirira upenyu kushanda, uye pane dzimwe - a seboka kusakarongeka akabvumira kuti akudziridze mukana kuunganidza ruzivo uye ruzivo.

Mune ramangwana, magariro uye zvipenyu zviri murume mune pedyo pachiimbwa, izvo, chokwadi, haana kusiyana kuzvipokanidza. Nokuti kunzwisisa hondo mhando iyi nani vanofanira kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro maviri pfungwa mukunzwisisa evanhu.

biologizing pfungwa

Maererano nemaonero aya, ari munhu, kunyange zvayo nzira evanhu, yakaumbwa pasi pokudzora kuvabereki uye zvipenyu kukura prerequisites. Kunyanya pakati vatsigiri pfungwa iyi yakakurumbira sociobiology, izvo chete anotsanangura munhu basa shanduka-chaivo parameters. Maererano chinzvimbo ichi, utachiona uye magariro muupenyu hwomunhu kusvika chete pamwero nokuda kufurirwa rwokuzvarwa shanduka. Panguva zvinofurira ndihungu uye mhuka - somuenzaniso, akasimbisa nyaya dzakadai kudzivirirwa pamba, utsinye uye kusava noudyire, chizivano, achingopa uye kuomerera nemitemo dzepabonde.

Panguva iyi kukura sociobiology kuedza kugadzirisa zvakaoma evanhu kubva zvoga chinzvimbo. Kunyanya, vamiririri ichi muitiro akati sezvo zvinhu itibatsire rusununguko uye basa munhu, kukosha kukunda mashoko kwezvinhu zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza, kuenzana uye zvichingodaro .. Kunyange biologizing maonero ndechimwe huru zvinangwa ndehwokuti kuramba kuitika Gene dziva, hapana zvishoma zvokukurumidzira ndiro dambudziko ukama chaivo uye nemagariro munhu, vakaratidza pfungwa Anti-humanist pamusoro sociobiology. Pakati pavo vane akacherekedza weboka dzemabhiza pfungwa mutemo ukuru, uyewo nokushandisa dzinongoitika kusarudzwa sechinhu kurwisa overpopulation.

Sotsiologizatorskaya maonero

Pamusoro apa pfungwa dziri vamiririri sotsiologizatorskoy pfungwa arikuti ndiro rine chokwadi zvinokosheswa mumagariro mavambo. Pakarepo zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti, maererano pfungwa iyi, ruzhinji kunofanira kuva panzvimbo yokutanga pamusoro wacho.

maonero aya zvipenyu uye munzanga emunhu runoratidzwa dzakawanda basa-nokutamba unhu dzidziso uye structuralism. In mirayiridzo iyi, nenzira, nyanzvi mune evanhu, basa, uzivi, zvemutauro, tsika zvidzidzo, ethnology nezvimwe anoranga.

Vateveri structuralism vanotenda kuti vanhu - ndiye chikuru chezvinonhuwira zviripo munzvimbo uye paruzhinji subsystems. The chaizvo chete nzanga kwete ayo constituent vanhu, uyewo akaoma ukama uye kubatana pakati munhu pezvokuvamba subsystem. Saizvozvowo, munhu wefodya noruzhinji.

No zvishoma kunakidza uye basa dzidziso, iro rinotsanangura zviri zvipenyu uye magariro mune murume. Philosophy nechinzvimbo ichi kufunga kuratidzwa murume sezvo Verengai dzinokwana ake evanhu mabasa. Muchiitiko chino, magariro mitemo, tsika uye tsika ndidzo yepakutanga bhuku pfungwa kuti zviito vanhu. Chinetso nzira iri kuisa pfungwa bedzi pamusoro maitiro evanhu pasina kufungisisa peculiarities zvenyika yavo rwomukati.

Kunzwisisa dambudziko psychoanalysis pfungwa

Between nedzidziso absolutizes evanhu uye zvipenyu, riri psychoanalysis, umo maiva rechitatu mafungiro pamusoro pemhando murume. Hazvina musoro kuti iyi nyaya, pakutanga kuisa pfungwa pakutanga. Musiki dzidziso iri Sigmund Freud vaitenda kuti vavariro zvose dzevanhu uye incentives vavete chavanoziva. Panyaya iyi, zvipenyu uye magariro munhu musayendisiti aionekwa musimboti wezvamatongerwe kubatana. Somuenzaniso, evanhu zvinhu kuti gadziriro, kwahunokonzera nemagariro taboos uyewo kushomeka basa afenda.

Vateveri Freud kwakaita akakurukura dzidziso yacho seboka akapfizuka, iyo kare akaona kutsvetera kune evanhu zvinhu. Maererano creators pakati dzidziso, chinhu zvakadzama mupfungwa layer iyo makateya tinozvarwa mifananidzo. In mberi dzakabudirira uye pfungwa evanhu akapfizuka, maererano iyo roukama pfungwa wemishonga hunhu husina kuri kuti vakawanda munzanga. Zvisinei, dambudziko chaivo uye munzanga zviri murume ane nzvimbo psychoanalysis uye haina akasarudzwa. Hatina funga nevanyori pfungwa uye yokukakavadzniswa kubatana zvepanyama, magariro uye nepfungwa. Uye ichi pasinei nokuti evanhu noukama dzinokudziridzwa pedyo pachiimbwa izvi zvinhu.

Biosocial emunhu

Kazhinji, vose kutsanangurirwa chaivo uye zvemagariro zvinhu sezvo kukosha munhu pachena zvikuru kushoropodza. Izvi imhaka yokuti hazvibviri kupa aitungamirira basa iri paumbwe murume uye nzanga imwe chete boka zvikonzero, vachisiya mamwe. Saka, zvinoita sokuti musoro kuti kutarisa murume ave biosocial ari.

Connection pakati maviri mazano munyaya iyi, zvichiratidza hwadzo kukanganisa kukura wacho uye nzanga. Kungotaura muenzaniso mwana, izvo zvinogona kupiwa zvose zvakakodzera panyaya kuramba mumuviri ezvinhu, asi pasina nzanga inova yakakwana munhu. Chete Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri nhamba zvoutachiona uye munzanga munhu anogona kuita izvozvo dzakazara nhengo evanhu vemazuva ano.

Kunze evanhu moga chaivo zvinhu haagoni kuumba kubva yomwana unhu. Pane chimwe chinhu kuti simba pamusoro zvipenyu hunhu magariro, riri kusangana zvaidiwa yepanyama chimiro kuburikidza nevamwe.

Unogona kutora Kutarira kubva mhiri pamusoro biosocial ari munhu, pasina kugoverana mweya wayo. Pasinei kukosha socio-tsika zvinhu, zvakasikwa zvinoita zvinosanganisirwawo zvinoverengeka kukosha. Just kuburikidza Organic nekuita anoshamwaridzana zvoutachiona uye munzanga zviri mumunhu. Muchidimbu hurukuro zvipenyu zvinodiwa, nopindirana munzanga upenyu, anogona kuva muenzaniso kuberekana, kushandisa chikafu, hope uye zvichingodaro. D.

Pfungwa imwe Integrated evanhu hunhu

Uyu ndiwo mumwe pfungwa, izvo anosiya mukana wakaenzana nehanya zvose vanhu. Kazhinji sechinhu pfungwa yekuti Integrated evanhu hunhu, mukati iro zvinokwanisika makemikari wemishonga zvoutachiona uye nemagariro ari murume uye munzanga. Vateveri dzidziso iyi, funga kuti munhu ave pasocial munhu, izvo anoramba ose unhu uye kuti mitemo rwokuzvarwa bhora. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvipenyu uye magariro unhu regai anopikisana uye dzinobatsira kukura kwayo zvinopindirana. Nyanzvi regai kuramba zvinoitwa chero zvinhu okukura uye kuedza zvakanaka huchikanganiswa zvizere pamusoro paumbwe murume.

Social uye zvoutachiona dambudziko

Nguva post-maindasitiri nzanga haagoni asi kusiya rupawo kwayo pamusoro pezvakaitwa mabasa evanhu, pasi prism kuti kuchinja uye basa zvinokonzera yokuzvibata. Kana pamberi magariro uye zvipenyu zviri murume rakaumbwa kuti pamwero mukuru achifuridzirwa basa, yazvino ezvinhu oupenyu, zvinosuwisa, anenge waanodzikisira mumuviri nesimba kwevanhu.

The chidzoke idzva michina zvishandiso uye mikana mberi zvinodiwa muviri, iyo inosvitsa munhu mismatch pakati zvinangwa nzanga uye pakarepo zvinodiwa wacho. Panguva iyoyowo nhengo veruzhinji vari kuramba pasi kumanikidzwa socialization. Panguva iyoyowo, nhamba chaivo uye munzanga zviri murume anoramba panguva imwechete pamwero ari kunzvimbo zvishoma pamusoro nzira unyanzvi uye mutinhimira upenyu aaiitawo.

Nzira kukunda kusawirirana

Tikurire kunetsana pakati chaivo uye magariro pezvakaitwa anobatsira basa ano uye kwezvivako kukura. Muchiitiko chino, kwezvinhu mberi, Ukuwo, anoridza zvakanaka basa revanhukadzi. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mune ramangwana inobvira kuwedzera yaivapo uye itsva yevanhu zvinodiwa, kuti zvinodiwa izvo zvimwe zvinhu kuti kubvumira kuti zvakanyanya adzorere mupfungwa uye mumuviri masimba womunhu.

Panyaya iyi, magariro uye zvipenyu zviri murume vasanganiswa basa nharaunda. Somuenzaniso, kuramba tiine ukama hwepedyo nevamwe munzanga, vanhu vanoshandisa midziyo, zvinosimudzira utano kupora. Ukuwo, kumisa kukura zvose maitiro evanhu havasi kutaura. budiriro Zvinhu ichishanduka pamwe chinhu pachayo.

The dambudziko ukama chaivo uye nemagariro ari murume

Pakati nematambudziko huru iri kuongorora chaivo uye munzanga zviri murume anofanira kuitwa nemhedziso mumwe nemaitiro aya. Extreme maonero ari musimboti murume wakavarambidza kuziva matambudziko chete kuitika kubva kuzvipokanidza siyana zvinokonzera okukura. Nhasi, nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinoti kufungawo munzanga uye zvipenyu pamunhu oga. Kuburikidza nzira iyi uye anozivisa chikuru dambudziko ukama pakati masangano maviri - ndivo kusawirirana kuti munguva aurayiwe paruzhinji mabasa, upenyu pachake, etc. Somuenzaniso, zvipenyu sangano rinogona huchakunda ari makwikwi - .. Panguva, sezvo evanhu divi Mukupesana, zvinoda pakusikwa mabasa uye kuwana nzwisisa.

mhedziso

Pasinei zvinokosha mberi munzvimbo zhinji nesayenzi, mibvunzo anthropogenesis zvikurukuru kupindurwa. Zvisinei, hatigoni kutaura chii chaizvo anotora mugove zvoutachiona uye munzanga zviri mumunhu. Philosophy zviso uye zvinhu zvitsva zviri kudzidzwa mubvunzo uyu, izvo kare kuoneka pazuva pakanyorwa ano kuchinja wacho uye nzanga. Asi pane dzimwe pfungwa convergence maonero. Somuenzaniso, zviri pachena kuti nedanho chaivo uye netsika shanduka vaungana. Zviri mubvunzo majini yakafanira kune tsika, asi mutengo wavo haisi chete. The chikuru basa ichiri kupiwa majini kuti anova chikuru chinokonzera dzakawanda vavariro uye zviito chinoitwa nomunhu.