Romanov imba. Coat of maoko Romanovs (B. V. Kene)

Madzimambo Romanovs - the Moscow boyar mhuri yekare. Andrei Ivanovich Mare - wokutanga akataura baba remangwana imba youmambo. Akararama muzana XIV remakore uye sehofisi Grand Duke Vladimir uye Moscow Simeon vanozvikudza, mwanakomana mukuru Ivana Kality. Andrei Mare, pamwe Alexei Bosovolkovym, vaiita nhume ari mhedziso wokuroorana pakati muchinda muMoscow uye Mariey Aleksandrovnoy, mwanasikana womuchinda Tver. Rekupinda akabudirira.

About Andrew mares ari yenhau asisiri kutaurwa, asi inozivikanwa kuti vazukuru vake vakaramba kushumira Moscow machinda. vanakomana vake vakava madzitateguru usage, asi Fyodor Cats uye akatora Romanov tsars. The zita yacho nhaka kubva praprapravnuka Andrei Mares - Romana Yurevicha Zaharina, courtiers akakurumbira zvikuru uye vatongi. Mwanasikana wake, Anastasia Romanovna, wokutanga uye anodiwa kupfuura mukadzi Ivan IV anotyisa.

Kuzivikanwa ndechokuti Anastasia unhu hwake adzo uye munyoro nguva dzose zvadzorwa murume wake. Kuti rufu kwake ichiputswa akasarudzwa vakafara uye zvinowedzerwa kusavimba yamambo pamusoro boyars. Muzukuru Jurevny Anastasia akanga Fedor Nikitich Romanov, unhu kunokosha munhau yeRussia. Ndiye akatora Zvinoshingaira mune zvematongerwo enyika munguva Troubles, akanga nechisimba tonsured mumongi Borisom Godunovym.

Apo pakutanga ushe pakati Romanovs? Sei? How zvikuru yakareba? Mibvunzo iyi yose uchawana mhinduro munyaya.

Nesananguro Mikhail Romanov kuti chigaro

Nguva munhau, kana ushe pakati Romanovs, aiva akaoma uye ropa. In Russia pakupera XVI aitambudza dongo, ratova Smoot. Mwanakomana Ivana Groznogo, Fyodor akafa asina vana, munin'ina wake Dmitri akaurayiwa muna Uglich, mumwe Ivan Ivanovich, akanga akafa panguva upenyu hwababa vake. Kutapudza Rurik youmambo, paiva dynastic dambudziko. Next aiva kakawanda kuchinja hurumende, basa Godunov uye Shuisky yaisakwana chigaro. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti vanhu kusada madzimambo matsva, kwete chete nokuda kwavo vakakundikana policies, asi nekuti Godunov uye Shuisky vakasarudzwa vatongi regai nhaka chigaro.

Akadai migumisiro kutya pamusoro Zemsky Sobor muna 1613, yakauya kamwe zvakare yakatsviriridza nyaya umambo. Taifanira kusarudza munhu asina nekusvibisa zita zita yayo munguva Troubles. Zvakakodzera kubhadhara mutero kuna Cossacks, uyo vakaita mutsindo basa nesananguro Mikhail Romanov. Kwete chete kuti, vakanga kusanganiswa ukuru, kuti Cossacks akaramba isingavori. Prince Troubetzkoy achida kuwana chigaro, regai skimp, akakungurutsa Vezera ake kuwana rutsigiro pakati Cossacks. Ivowo, haana kuramba zvipo, asi regai vakatsigira muchinda.

Uyewo munhu mutsindo muchinangwa kusarudzwa Mikhail Fedorovich airidza hapana anoedzesera pachigaro muMoscow, sezvo zvingaita kuti dambudziko, uye kuvhiringidza Zemsky Sobor. Boyars Romanov akagamuchira candidacy, nekuti vaitenda kuti iye mudiki (panguva mukomana aiva nemakore 16 okuberekwa) uye chichava "mambo muhomwe", mumwe chidzoyi mumaoko avo. Kana kwakasarudzwa kubvunza bhodhi kutora Mikhail Fedorovich, akarangarira nezveukama hwake pamwe Rurik youmambo, sezvo baba vake , Patriarch Filaret ndiyo hama chevaux Fedor Ivanovich.

The ngano nezvekwakabva imba youmambo

Chii chaiva chiratidzo yemhuri Romanov? Tisati nezvazvo, ngatidzidzei kuti ngano nezvekwakabva imba youmambo.

Pakutanga mashoko XVI remakore shanduro vasvike VaViking kuRussia, yakataurwa "zvakaedza zvekare Years", haichawaniki akatorwa uye hakuna zvakasimbisa dzakawanda mukurumbira Russia. Panguva iyoyowo, pane dzidziso "Moscow - the Third Rome", kusimbisa munyika nzvimbo somuzinda Orthodoxy. Taifanira kukwira pamwe ngano pamusoro Pedigree repamusoro dzinza. Kuzivikanwa nokuti Roman Emperor Augustus. Maererano nengano, hama dzake, Prus, akatumirwa Europe kuti kukura panyika uye kugadzwa kwehurumende. Saka akava mambo Prussia, uye rakanga kamwe inogarwa Slavs.

Zvizvarwa Prus akatanga vawedzere ndima yayo kumabvazuva, saka akagadzirisa uye nyika Russian. Saka paiva Rurik hwedzinza. Asi ngano iri chokuita Romanovs? Very nyore. Muna 1722 Peter Ndakafungawo dzinobvumira Mvumo kwesimba ravo "vapfume" kuti Pedigree. Emperor akarayira kuti vave shanduro iyi mambo Arms Stepan Andreyevich Kolycheva. Zvino zvinofungirwa kuti panguva hweRoma (373 kana 305 years), Mambo Prussia Prouty wakapfuurira nhaka umambo kuna mukoma wake Veydevutu, uye akaenda kuguta wechihedheni Romanov, apo waikudzwa sezvo mukuru. The yokugara raiva pamahombekombe Dubissy uye Nevyazhi apo akakura kurova ayo saizi momuoki. Asati afa, umambo Veydevut muzvikamu akawanda nhengo.

Mumwe wevanakomana vake, Nedron, akatanga kubata ushe zhmudskih nyika (nharaunda Lithuania ano). Mazana emakore gare gare, muna XIII remakore, wedzinza Nedrona, shwanu change, vakasvika Russia, uko akashanda se wokutanga Muchinda Moscow, Daniilu Aleksandrovichu. Ikoko akava muKristu, uye zita rake rokutanga raiva remadunhu- - mares. Sezvingatarisirwa, shanduro idzi hadzisi chokwadi, nokuedza venhau dzakaitika kuitira avo nderechokwadi vakanga pasina. Kunyange zvakadaro, vazhinji pakati vatongi Romanov youmambo vaiva mukuru zvechokwadi, kutaura kukosha iyo dzichakurukurwa pazasi.

Mihaila Fedorovicha Romanova ushe

Mikhail Fedorovich kusvika 1645 akatonga 1613. Iye akaita zvakaoma chaizvo basa - kudzikamisa mamiriro ezvinhu munyika, akaparadza mushure Troubles. Musapopotedzana pamusoro vatongi. "Vorenok Ivashka" mwanakomana Venhema Dmitry II, uyo aigona kushandisa accession itsva mambo vasingagutsikani, akaurayiwa. Fixed chikafu venhema kuti Russian choushe. Chokutanga, kubudirira yaiva vatorwa wokuti Michael. Muna 1617 vakagumisa Stolbovsky rugare Sweden, akanga adzokera Novgorod umo Russia. Muna 1618 chibvumirano yakanga yakasainwa Deulino pamwe Poland, izvo zvichaita kuti mamiriro ezvinhu mukati nokuda kusavapo ngozi kubva kunze. Zvisinei, muna Smolensk War (1632-1634) Russia vakakundwa.

Alexis

Paitonga Alexei Mikhailovich, kwave kune zviitiko zvakawanda zvinokosha, asi mambo mumumvuri mwanakomana wake, Peter I Mukuru. Kunyange zvazvo Alexis akanga remadunhurirwa rokuti ari quietest, zera kwake rinonzi "buntashnym". Panguva nguva ino nguva (1645-1676) vakawira akawanda kuchikosha akakurumbira Kusagutsikana: Salt saiyoyo (1648), Copper saiyoyo (1662) uye murimi mudiki hondo inotungamirwa Stepan Razin (1670-1671). Nokuda zviitiko romutemo yokutanga rakazoshandiswa - Conciliar The Code (1649), maererano iyo pamutemo kunyoresa serfdom. Famous nokuti kuchinja kubva Patriarch Nikon, uyo aida ayananise dzechitendero netsika uye mabhuku echiGiriki epakutanga. Kunyange zvazvo zvinhu matanho vakanga vasingakoshi (yakatarwa mharadzano troeperstiem, kunyora zita raJesu, uye zvichingodaro. D.) Ivowo hwakonzera Kusagutsikana pakati pavanhu.

Peter I A.

Munhu wose anoziva wokutanga Russian mambo, mumwe muvandudzi mukuru uye unyanzvi mutungamiri mukuru - Peter I Alekseevich. Yokutanga Matanho akazvimirira akava mambo Azov mishandirapamwe, nemhaka iyo Russia kuwana kuGungwa Azov uye Guru Embassy, umo Peter pachake akatora Zvinoshingaira. Russia yava wokurera tsika dzakawanda dzeEurope, uye akaumba Northern Alliance kuti hondo pamwe Sweden. Panguva Great Northern War (1700-1721) Russia kuwana kuGungwa reBaltic uye akave nokugamuchira chinzvimbo umambo. transformations Several Peter vakabatsira kukurumidza kukura capitalism munyika, dzidzo, tsika, sainzi, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Catherine II Alexeyevna

Peter ndakagamuchira murayiro yokugara, maererano iyo namambo rinogadza mutsivi, asi mambo haana kuva nguva dzokurasa panyaya iyi, izvo zvakaita kuti dzakareba kumuzinda kubvuta masimba umo vaida cheushe, kuvimba Guard, vakabata simba. Vazhinji vavo vakanga vasingakwanisi kukwira, asi ichi hachisi chokwadi Ekaterina II, mudzimai vanhu Russian vaivenga Peter III, muzukuru Peter I. uye kwokunze uye dzimwe mitemo pamusoro Catherine anganzi akabudirira. Iye kereke dzisinganamati nyika (1764), chakagumisa hetman muUkraine (1764), akaita kuchinja weSeneti (1763), dzematunhu (1775), guta (1785). Zvikurukuru pamusana dzimwe mutemo kwaiva kuwana kupinda kuGungwa Black uye accession pamusoro Crimean kweItari.

Alexander I Pavlovich

Alexander I - munhu asi gakava munhoroondo yevanhu Russian. Kutanga kwake kwakanga vaizotibata - Private Committee, izvo zvaisanganisira mambo anofungidzirwa chirevo enyika ruregero (1801), kuchinja mapuranga Ushumiri (1802), iri vakasununguka varimi (1803). Muna 1812, Russia wakunda kukuru muhondo, international simba masimba kunosimbiswa. Asi yechipiri yezana rokutonga Alexander akarurama kuchinja mafungiro yachinja, uye kuti aiva mumwe zvinokonzera kumukirawo pakati Decembrists muna 1825.

Alexander II Nikolaevich

Akasunungura Alexander II akadana zvinhu zvikuru kuitwa 1861, - the abolition kuti serfdom. Ndipo apo Alexander II of Romanov mhuri nguo maoko akasikwa, izvo dzichakurukurwa pazasi. Pakazosvika nguva kwake, zhinji kuchinja vakanga chinozoiswa: dare (1864), ruwa (1864), guta (1870), uto (1861-1874) uye dzimwe kuchinja. Kunyange zvakadaro, mukuru transformer, akaurayiwa muna 1881 narodovolnikom A. I. Zhelyabovym.

Last Romanov

On Nicholas II Kutonga yakanga nenguva yakaoma. yakawanda ropa rakadeurwa panguva dambudziko iri Khodynka Field (1894), mune Russian-Japanese War (1904-1905), muna Revolution (1905-1907), Hondo Yenyika I (1914-1918) uye muna February Revolution (1917). Zvisinei, muna ushe Nicholas maiva guru kuwedzera vemo, mitero pakati yakaderera muEurope, mumaoko varimi oda 80% munyika arable. Zvinosuruvarisa kushaya ruoko yakasimba mambo kukundikana dzimwe mutemo uye zvakasimba mukuru Grigory Rasputin kwakatungamirira pakaparadzwa Kesari muna March 1917 uye ndokupfura nemhuri yangu zhizha rinotevera. Rakanga wokupedzisira Romanov hwedzinza akarega kuvapo.

The muvambi Russian Archaeological Society

Berngard Vasilevich Kene - guru heraldist wokuRussia Empire, muvambi Russian Archaeological Society. On ake danho, vachirayira gerbotvorchestva mu Russia yakaitwa. Muna 1857, Baron Koehne yakasimbiswa mitemo zviratidzo akajeka. Bernhard musiki wechipiri Big Emblem of Russian Empire uye mhuri penyika yacho Romanov dzinza.

Coat of maoko Romanovs: nhoroondo

Sezvo kuuya nesimba muna 1613 ose vatongi Romanov youmambo akashandisa chenyika, iyo chinofananidzira maviri-vakananga egondo. Asi 60-s pamusoro XIX remakore, Alexander II aida kuumba munhu chiratidzo. Sei mhuri nguo maoko Romanov youmambo? Nokuti kwayo chakaita chiratidzo Romanov boyars. Asi pane chiratidzo Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov zvakare, sezvo wakananga mukono bazi imba youmambo kupfupika muna 1730 pamwe norufu muzukuru Peter I kwakaita, Peter II, uye vakadzi - muna 1761 pamwe norufu mwanasikana wake Elizabeth. Mumiririri youmambo pakati Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov rokutanga raiva Peter III. mai vake, Anna, aiva mwanasikana Petra Velikogo, uye baba vake, Karl Friedrich, aiva Duke wenyika Holstein-Gottorp. Peter, pachena, haana nguva kugadzirisa zita wepamutemo imba youmambo, uye mudzimai wake, Catherine II, haana ndirumbidzwe zvikuru dzinotsvedza nyaya, nekuti pakutanga nzvimbo yayo pachigaro choumambo chakanga akanaka shaky.

Zviratidzo Emblem-Holstein Gottorp-Romanov

Ko nguvo maoko Romanovs? Kukosha iri pachena; isimba uye simba.

Nhoo yakakamurwa muzvikamu zviviri. jasi kurudyi maoko Romanovs. Unoratidza dzvuku mutsipa, vakabata zvayo nenzara nomunondo uye nhoo. Chinonyanya kukosha oudzame - duku matema gondo agere pabhodhi. Pamucheto nguvo maoko akashongedzwa misoro reshumba. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti chiratidzo Romanovs yakatorwa navo kubva chiratidzo Livonia, sezvo Griffin - dimikira zvakajairika European heraldry. Coat of maoko Schleswig-Holstein iri kuruboshwe uye iri muzvikamu shanu, kunze nhoo duku pakati. Pamupendero, unogona kuona nguvo maoko Schleswig, Holstein maoko maoko, maoko maoko stormarnsky, nguvo ditmarsensky. Yomukati Nhoo riri muzvikamu zviviri: Oldenburg uye delmengorstsky zveChirangaridzo.

House of Romanov Boyars

Imba Romanov mu Charge - chivako chete kuti riparare kubva matunhu zvikuru Romanovs. Anofungidzirwa, yakanga yakavakwa mukupera XVI remakore. Muzana XIX remakore, Alexander II akazivisa kuti House akava miziyamu akasununguka kushanyira. Imba Romanov ndiye mbiri nokuda chokwadi kuti masvingo aro ari Griffin mufananidzo huru hunhu mhuri Romanov.