Poor kunyika Africa: mararamire, upfumi

Africa iri kukura nokukurumidza nharaunda. Zvisinei, muna kondinendi guru izvi anenge hapana nyika kuti dai kupiwa kunyange zvishoma zvinokosha kukanganisa vamwe nyika. Kazhinji kutaurwa munyika varombo Africa, iyo kwemazana emakore anoverengeka havagoni kufamba kukura kwayo mberi. Chinenge hafu yacho kuti vakawanda anogara isingasviki dhora rimwe zuva. Kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwe enyika uye kunopfuurira hondo akaita vanhu vazhinji ariko zvakaoma. Mazuva ano nyaya tichakurukura kutarira varombo nyika muAfrica panyaya GDP paminiti capita (zvinoenderana kupatsanura reInternational Monetary Fund) uye ongorora tarisiro kukura mudunhu.

Muchidimbu hwenyika

upfumi Africa zvinosanganisira kutengeswa, maindasitiri, zvokurima, uye guta guru kwevanhu. Muna 2012, vanhu vanenge mabhiriyoni 1 vanogara pano. map Total 54 inotaura. Gumi vavo, International Monetary Fund anotsanangura nyika sezvo varombo Africa. Zvisinei, kuti kondinendi ane mukana zvikuru kukura nemhaka yaro akapfuma upfumi hwaro. Chezita GDP pamusoro 1,8 tiririyoni US madhora. The zvichangobva Kukura zvakakomba wechipfuwo chigadzirwa kwakakonzerwa kuwedzera basa nenhumbi uye mabasa. Zvinotarisirwa kuti 2050, dzakakomberedza dzemusub -Saharan Africa GDP kuchasvika US $ 25 tiririyoni. Mari kusaruramisira chinhu chikuru vakaomerwa chakaita kuparadzira upfumi. Zvisinei, nhasi, rinoti vakawanda kondinendi iri murombo African nyika. Maererano for the World Bank, mamiriro ezvinhu aigona kuchinja mangwanani sezvo 2025, apo mari pamunhu mavari kuchasvika $ 1,000 pagore. High tariro nokuti muduku chizvarwa. Nyanzvi All vanoziva kukosha mari mumagakava upenyu nharaunda.

The varombo nyika Africa

Maererano padanho GDP paminiti capita (mu US madhora) muna 2014, yakadereresa nzvimbo dziri inogarwa inotevera States:

• Malawi - 255.
• Burundi - 286.
• Central African Republic - 358.
• Niger - 427.
• The Gambia - 441.
• Zimbabwe Congo - 442.
• Madagascar - 449.
• Liberia - 458.
• Guinea - 540.
• Somalia - 543.
• Guinea-Bissau - 568.
• Ethiopia - 573.
• Mozambique - 586.
• Togo - 635.
• Rwanda - 696.
• Mali - 705.
• Burkina Faso - 713.
• Uganda - 715.
• Sierra Leone - 766.
• Comoros - 810.
• Benin - 904.
• Zimbabwe - 931.
• Tanzania - 955.

Sezvaunogona kuona, izvozvo rinogumisa pamusoro gumi varombo Somalia. Nyika chete mashoma shure rokutanga chinzvimbo chepamusoro, asi ikozvino kwayo GDP iri zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera. Rinogumisa mazita Tanzania. Just mazita munyika 24. All dzimwe inoti iri kondinendi African vane GDP paminiti capita pamusoro kukura US $ 1,000. Funga zvimwe nyika kubva pasi kumusoro.

Malawi

Ichi mamiriro yaiva kuSoutheast Asia. Malawi - nyika pamwe yakadereresa GDP munyika. Vanopfuura hafu kwevagari vayo vanogara pasi urombo mutsetse. Sezvo vakawanda dzimwe nyika dzomuAfrica, Malawi nouori hwakapararira munzvimbo uye voga ezvirevo. Vazhinji National bhajeti iri yavamwe rubatsiro. About 35% kubva GDP anopa zvokurima, 19% - indasitiri, 46% - basa zvekutepfenyura. Huru ekisipoti zvinhu fodya, tii, donje, kofi, uye kupinzwa - nezvokudya, zvinogadzirwa mafuta uye nemotokari. Malawi kutengeserana vakaroorana ndedzinotevera nyika: South Africa, Egypt, Zimbabwe, India, China, uye United States.

Burundi

mamiriro ichi chinozivikanwa nokuda ziendamberi hondo yevagari mundima yayo. Munhau dzayo kwaisambonyanya imwe nguva refu yorugare. Izvi vasingagoni kukanganisa upfumi. Burundi ndiye wechipiri mazita varombo nyika munyika. Kuwedzera kune dzose hondo, ndiro riri kutaurwa maererano kupararira kweHIV / AIDS, uori uye chizivano, achingopa. About 80% yevanhu wehurumende ichi kurarama pasi urombo mutsetse.

cf.

mamiriro Izvi zvakanga kusagadzikana mune zvematongerwo enyika uye zvoupfumi mashoko kubva pakutanga kwayo rusununguko. Central African Republic nezvi- chicherwa pfuma, asi anoramba ari mazita varombo. The nyika kunze kwenyika mangoda. Nyaya iyi inopa 45-55% zveminda. Zviri zvakare nyika yakapfuma uranium exchange, goridhe uye mafuta. Asi kupfuura hafu vagari Central Africa kurarama muurombo. The chikuru bazi National upfumi iri kurima uye foresitiri. The chikuru dzokutengeserana shamwari of Central African Republic ndivo Japan, South Korea, France, Belgium uye China.

Niger

About 80% wenharaunda wehurumende iyi iri Sahara murenje. Niger ndiye kusagadzikana enyika mamiriro umo Anonakidzwa uori uye mhosva. Nhamo ndiyo chinzvimbo wevakadzi. Kunakisa Niger upfumi vari matura uranium exchange hombe. Uyewo, pane deposits yemafuta uye gasi. Simba divi iri rakakura kuvimba dzimwe rubatsiro. Munyika kwezvivako iri havaratidzi yakatanga, mamiriro ezvinhu enyika anoramba kusimba, uye okunze akaipa kakawanda kwemvura. The chikuru bazi National upfumi iri kurima. Anovandudza uye uranium exchange mugodhi indasitiri. Nyika ine yakadereresa Human Development Index.

Liberia

mamiriro Iyi rakasiyana nzvimbo pamusoro kondinendi African. The pfungwa yose munhau yacho. Liberia rakavakwa asunungurwa pachavo kubva muuranda pamusoro vatema. Naizvozvo, gadziriro hurumende wayo zvakafanana zvikuru izvo huripo muUnited States. About 85% kuti vagari vemo vanorarama pasi urombo mutsetse. mari yavo pazuva idukusa 1 dhora. Izvi chinochemedza mamiriro hwenyika nokuda hondo uye kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwe enyika.

Democratic Republic of the Congo

mamiriro ichi ndicho chikamu chikuru munyika. Zvisinei, panguva iyoyo ndiyo imwe varombo nyika zvenyika. The chiitiko anotyisa munhau waiva hondo yechipiri muna Democratic Republic of Congo, yakatanga muna 1998. Kuti chikonzero chikuru kuti yakaderera zvoupfumi.

Madagascar

chitsuwa ichi riri mune Indian Ocean, 250 mamaira kure kumaodzanyemba kweAfrica. Nyika nharaunda dzinenge 1580? km refu uye 570? km anopindura Madagascar. Africa sezvo mukondinendi anosanganisira chitsuwa racho sezvamunoita. Matavi chikuru emari Madagascar vanoonekwa kurima, hove uye kuvhima. uwandu hwevanhu vanhu mamiriyoni 22. 90% yevanhu chacho vanorarama madhora asingasviki maviri pazuva.

Ethiopia

Sezvataona kare ambotaurwa, mumwe kukurumidza kuwedzera kumatunhu munyika iri Africa. Ethiopia imwe idzi, mwero kukura hwenyika unova soro. Zvisinei, izvozvo yasara imwe varombo nyika pamusoro kondinendi uye munyika. About 30% vanogara pamusoro dhora rimwe zuva zvichidzika. Zvisinei, Ethiopia ane zvinokosha zvinogona kukura mune zvokurima zvekutepfenyura. To musi, vakawanda vacho vari varimi diki. mapurazi Small ndivo vanonyanyova nokufamba vari mumisika nyika, kusanaya kwemvura uye dzimwe dzinongoitika dzoga. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti makore mashoma apfuura Ethiopia zvikamu mazita varombo venyika. Saka, mamiriro ezvinhu ano inoratidza chinokosha nani pane kurarama nemitemo kupfuura kare.

Togo

mamiriro ichi riri kuWest Africa. vagari vemo vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 6.7. The chikuru kwemauto hupfumi ndiko kurima. kwemauto ino inoshandisa ruzhinji vemo. A chinokosha chikamu kunze kwenyika ndivo but, kofi, donje. Togo akapfuma zvicherwa uye ndiye kupfuura earner kuti phosphates munyika.

Sierra Leone

Upfumi mamiriro inobva remigodhi mangoda. Vanoumba boka guru chikamu kunze kwenyika. Sierra Leone ndiye kupfuura akaigadzira titanium uye bauxite, uyewo ndarama. Zvisinei, anopfuura 70% yevanhu anogara pasi urombo mutsetse. In ezvinhu dzakazara uori uye mhosva. kwema Most vari vatorwa kutengeserana rinoitwa chete pachishandiswa nekupa uye kugamuchira chiokomuhomwe.

The zvinokonzera underdevelopment uye tarisiro

Current zvinetso African kondinendi kuti kukura Zvakaoma kutsanangura uchibatsirwa ano zvoupfumi dzidziso. Pakati zvikonzero nokutambudzikira ruzhinji vemo dzinonzi hondo zvachose, kusagadzikana, mazara uori uye despotic utongi munyika dzakawanda. Iye zvange zviri kubuda zviri kunetsa uye Hondo Yemashoko pakati US uye USSR. Pari, varombo kunyika Africa kuramba munhu nemadzinza ose backwardness. Uye vari kurwisa yose nyika, nokuti mukuru munzanga Kusiyanisa nguva dzose kunoita kuti vawedzere kunetsana munyika dzakawanda ukama. Tiine hwakaipisisa urombo pano rinobatanidza vanoshorwa mamiriro ezvinhu mune dzidzo uye utano. In sechivako GDP muAfrica iri hunodzorwa va neudhadha zvokurima uye mugodhi. Uye indasitiri iyi yakaderera akawedzera kukosha, zvisingagone kupa budiriro kukura munyika idzi. Uyezve, vakawanda dzomuAfrica vari zvikuru chikwereti. Naizvozvo, havana zvokukuripira kutevera nyika policies vanoshingaira zvainanga kukura warwo upfumi. Huge dambudziko uori zvese. Mumakore ose rusununguko nyika idzi zvazova tsika. Vazhinji zvokutengeserana kwacho vari kunze chete pasi mamiriro evanoita zvepfumbamuromo. Zvisinei, zvishoma nezvishoma, tichiregeredza mapurogiramu wokumwe ezvinhu anotanga kuvandudza. Mumakore gumi adarika emari dzomuAfrica vakaratidza yakagadzikana kukura. Akaramba, kunyange panguva yose zvoupfumi kuGreece. Saka, zvinogona yacho kondinendi kunoonekwa nezvoupfumi zhinji pamwe kuramba netariro.

budiriro tarisiro

Africa ine yakakura matura zviwanikwa. Uyezve, ndiye kondinendi pamwe soro inorwara vechidiki. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinofunga kuti mukuru kukura kwoupfumi zvinogona kuwanika upfumi ari chizvarwa chitsva dzidzo. In pamberi nomazvo mutemo Africa anogona kuva mumwe kupfuura zvibereko kumatunhu. Zvishoma nezvishoma, pasisina aionekwa mukondinendi tariro. Nokuda pfupi kugadzikana kukura kuita munyika yose vatambi, pane chido itibatsire African misika nekusimudzira mavanga avo pano. Zvisinei, apo vakawanda kunyika munzvimbo vanoramba simba zvokutengeserana vakaroorana. Vari zvikuru novimba kutengeswa simba. 4 chete% kubva kuAfrica vanogara $ 10 pazuva. Mamiriro inotarisirwa angachinja zvikuru muna 2050. Panguva ino, vakawanda inoti vanofanira kupinda muchikwata che munyika kumusoro-avhareji mari. Chinokosha nokubudirira ramangwana riri kusimbisa kirasi pakati. Zvikuru vari vatorwa mubhizimisi muzvirongwa mu zvemichina, dzidzo uye utano. Zvinotarisirwa kuti 2060 99% yevanhu ichazadzwa Broadband Internet. Chizvarwa chevechiduku - ndiwo tariro kondinendi. Zviri pamusoro kubudirira inotungamirwa kwavo kunoenderana yemberi Africa.