Party: achiongorora zvaive abbreviations zita webato, iro akaita basa rinokosha munyika yedu munhau

Nhoroondo rutapudzo ichi zvinobva negore regumi namapfumbamwe remakore. Zvakatanga pamwe madenderedzwa duku Socialist zvaitambudzwa mukati Russian Empire. It akateura zvose mune simba uye zvakanaka vakarongwa guru nebato, riri rokupedzisira ainzi yeutongi Party. Achiongorora zvaive chidimbu ichi yakakwana, nyore uye zvinoreva kuti pfungwa uye nenzvimbo zvinoriumba. Zvisinei, zvinhu zvokutanga pakutanga.

Nezvekugadzirwa gutsaruzhinji

Remakore navapfumbamwe zvavo mupfumi kwazvo dzakasiyana siyana mienzanisiro achirwa nezviremera kodzero enyika uye vehurumende. Takatanga ichi kurwa Decembrists, uye ipapo vakanonga vakawanda yunivhesiti netsvimbo uye masangano. Pfungwa gutsaruzhinji uchipinda kusimudzirwa uye akasimudzira paitonga Alexander II. Liberal-democratic mafungiro munzanga dzakawanda yave yakaorera pasi kuti kukura pfungwa liberalism uye zvemagariro democratic maonero. Populism zvakonzerawo kupararira mugovanisi pfungwa huru expanses yeRussia. The sangano "Land uye Rusununguko" zvinechinangwa mubasa popularization pakati pfungwa gutsaruzhinji munyika yedu. Masangano zvose izvi zvaiva, saka kutaura, akatangira hombe uye simba Communist Party. Achiongorora zvaive shoko rinonzwika akaita Communist Party of Soviet Union. Zvisinei, vasati parinowanika zvakanga zvichiri zvikuru kure. Mumakore 80 rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore, Georgi Plekhanov akavamba kambani yokutanga Russian akamira pamusoro nzvimbo gutsaruzhinji uye Marxism, kuti vakazochinja kwaenzaniswa komiyunizimu zvidiki okunatsiridza.

Nemateru makata inotungamirwa masangano mugovanisi

Zvisinei, kuti "Group of Liberation of Labor" muduku uye haana kunakidzwa simba guru yeRussia mugovanisi kwezvakatipoteredza. George V. yakatowedzera mabasa ayo uye akasangana nemapoka akafanana kubva Kiev uye Minsk, pahwaro basa iri, akasangana navo V. I. Ulyanovym. Pakutanga, pfungwa zvose vatungamiriri mugovanisi kufamba rakaenderana, uye tose kuedza vakaita zvose zvavaikwanisa kuti izvi vakaparadzirwa nomumaguta ose nemisha Russian Empire uye boka sero akaumba mumwe mutambo. Chii chakaitika panguva dzakavamba Congress Minsk, ichi ndicho bato pamusoro izvo ramangwana pfungwa uye pachako manyorerwo inoshanduka CPSU. Achiongorora zvaive hwagadzwa muna 1898, bato yakanga yakasiyana chaizvo kubva chinyakare Communist Party, panguva paumbwe RSDLP rainzi, zvinoreva Russian Social Democratic Labor Party.

Pfungwa uye musangano kusiyana

Zvisinei, yaiva metamorphosis kuti kwakaitika pamwe zita bato kwete chete. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, dzakavamba dzamadzibaba idzva urongwa enyika Georgi Plekhanov uye Vladimir Ulyanov mune ramangwana kure nakure maonero avo remangwana yeRussia yaro nokubatanidzwazve uye nzira zvinhu izvi. Izvi zvakaguma yakazaruka musazonetsanazve vatsigiri rokutanga uye rechipiri vatungamiriri, uye ipapo zvinoratidzwa kwesangano hurongwa bato. Nechekare unotevera mbudo (pashure dzakavamba) pakava nekupesana veboka Mensheviks inotungamirirwa Plekhanov uye Bolsheviks, vachitungamirirwa Lenin, Zvisinei, kwokunze kubatana bato achiri kusvikira 1917. Zvisinei, pfungwa uye methodological kusiyana zvakakonzera Lenin kuti buda kubva huru bato bhuku - pepanhau "Iskra". Wakapamura zvakawanda yakawedzera mubato, Plekhanov nevatsigiri vake dzakanga dziri pakati nepakati evanhu gutsaruzhinji nzvimbo, akasarudzwa sezvo chikuru nzira tishandurwe kuchinja, uye Bolsheviks vari maonero akanyatsosiyana zvakasiyana uye nzira inokosha zvemagariro vakaziva mhirizhonga iri muchimiro chezvinhu proletarian chimurenga.

Creation yeRussian Communist Party

Muna April 1917, paiva-refu kupupira chiitiko. The Bolshevik bato pakupedzisira dissociated pachayo kubva RSDLP hwaro kuti rinomiririra mwero Mensheviks uye akasika pachake RCP ayo (B), izvo zvinoumba Achishandisa Committee ramangwana. Decryption ndiwo idzva Bolshevik sangano zvakarurama ndozvavava Pfungwa maonero ayo, uye anoverenga sezvinotevera: yokuRussia Communist Party (Bolsheviks). Kujekeserwa pamwe tsamba "B" iri mumabhuraketi zvakatonyanya akasimbisa kusiyana bato kubva chaiwo dzidziso evanhu gutsaruzhinji uye kunyange komiyunizimu Western, Lenin akaita zvimwe zvachinja pfungwa yakatanga Karlom Marksom, achichinja kuti yokuRussia chokwadi, asi akanga asiri zita chokupedzisira bato. Pashure pokukunda mu kumukira nezvombo muna October 1917, RCP (B) akachinja zita raro zvakare, saka achida kusimbisa yose sezvakaita dzavo uye kubuda sezvo mubato. Sezvo 1925 zvikazikamwa sezvo VKP (b), uye kuti zita yakashandurwa muna 1952 kupinda Communist Party. Achiongorora zvaive mazita 1925 achinja chete zvishoma, shoko "Russian" akazonzi "All-Russia", uye vamwe kumbochinja.

Ndyaringo kwevanhu uye mukuru chidimbu

Kufanana nevamwe sangano chero enyika, yaiva dare miviri, uyo akapiwa chidimbu. Nezvedu ndiwo Central Committee of CPSU, achiongorora zvaive machemero kufanana Central Committee of Party. Paakanga ari utungamiriri Yuri Andropov, vaimbova mukuru State Security Committee, vanhu jokingly zita huru muviri. Akanzi Cheka Committee. Achiongorora zvaive rokuremekedza iri Zvinoshamisa kubatwa somunhu KGB bato komiti. Zvino KGB of USSR State Security vakuru dzainzi. Saka, kududzirwa shoko CPSU chinotiratidza shanduka mazita munhoroondo, kuchinja pfungwa pfungwa, uye kuwedzera simba tsika enyika.