Old nematende. Zvakavanzika nematende yekare. The nhare yekare munyika

Old nekiyi chengeta zvakavanzika. Mukuru akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya nepfungwa nokuzviremekedza, rima uye akasvibira, zvinokwezva, achivimbisa kuratidza chinhu chinokosha. Dangwe nematende sei ayo kukura uye unyanzvi painoperera.
Man - a ari nokusingaperi kuziva, uye saka pagore pose nematende wakashanyira nezviuru nezviuru zvevashanyi. Anoreva kuti havafaniri kungoda kutarisa upenyu kare. Munhu wose ari kuedza kuona kuburikidza ari keyhole chii Ndinorangarira masvingo zvezvivako. Vane dzidziso iyi inobva ivo kusarudza nyaya kuti vachipe?

Old nematende. General unhu uye mabasa

Kana tikafunga nemamiriro mashoko ari eras, tinogona kusiyanisa zvinotevera zvinoratidza kuti uku kare nematende:

• Location. Inenge ose nhare yaiva pazvikomo, izvo zvinogona kuva dzinongoitika uye chakagadzirwa - zvose kwaienderana sei rombo muridzi venyika.
• Chivanze. Kuvapo Its imhaka kudikanwa kuramba upenyu uye kana chinhu chinoitika kuna kukwanisa kutsigira zvionera kuvapo kunze kwoupenyu hwenyika. Zvinosanganisira raanoziva okudhindira, mumwe echoto, kicheni uye nezvimwe zvinhu kuvaka upenyu sezvinobvira.
• Main shongwe (mugomba). Mwoyo wenhare. Kazhinji, asi ngaarambe rakakiyiwa panhare, nekuti akanga ari yakachengeteka zvikuru nzvimbo uye akanga akavakirirwa kumativi ose. Housing akanga feudalists zvakafanana zvaisanganisira chikafu uye chombo chekuchengeta.
• Nhare madziro. Vakakomba chivanze, kushumira sedziviriro uye ane chiratidzo chokunze simba. Vakaedza kuita napo mukobvu uye kwegore risingapindiki.
• Nomugero. Zvakapoteredzwa masvingo, kushumira sezvi- nzira yokuzvidzivirira vaya vainyatsoda kubatsirwa ne zviri dzevhudzi. Kuvapo Its anogadziriswa matambudziko maviri akaita zvisingabviri kuchera uye kushayisa zvinogona nemhomho kuti pedyo masvingo. Nomugero nokuti kuramba mvura yakazara dura raiwanzobatana pedyo. Kukurukurirana pamwe kunze nyika yakanga vakaramba nokubatsira yacho drawbridge.
• Gates. Vakanga vasikirwa kuti kudzora vakawanda kwevanhu, mhuka uye nemotokari.

Nhare senzira yokudzivirirwa

Prototypes zvivako izvi zvakanga zvichiri Iran, uye gare gare akatamira Ancient Rome, akabva atamira Byzantium, izvo zvava dzakakurumbira kwazvo nokuti vakanga kushandiswa nhare dzokurwa.

Zvisinei, pavapenyu pakati dzevhudzi vakawana panguva yeMiddle Ages, aishandiswa sedzimba uye feudal madzishe pakutanga vakanga kuzvidzivirira zvakasikwa. Panguva iyoyo vakauya kwedu dzose kuona. Nekiyi inoona nezvenjodzi iri pamusoro makomo nezvikomo, kuti omesa ingangovapo kurwisa. Matanho aya havana chokuita kwakapararira kutambudzwa zvokudarikidza simba nguva. Hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti Ages vakapfuura "pasi auspices" pamusoro feudal kusabatana uye nenyonganyonga, kudzivirira upenyu mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kwainyanya kukosha.

Vhudzi sechiratidzo chinzvimbo

Nokufamba kwenguva, kuchinja yeMiddle Ages, dzayo yezvouMwari pauri uye kudiwa kurarama, akatarira shure, yakanga yatsiviwa Renaissance, iyo yakavakwa kunamatwa anthropocentrism. Dzevhudzi haripindiki nhare sezvingatarisirwa akatendeuka chete mudzimba dzevanhu. Zvivako zviri vakareruka, zvakawanda kwezvokufuka, vakanaka, akasika mumwe chinhu yavo, kukwikwidzana muvakidzani wayo nepose mikana.

Vhudzi sezvo pakati zvakavanzika

Achisiya kuburikidza ichitenderera corridors wenhare, zvakaoma kuzunungusa kunzwa kuti muri kuona. zvakavanzika zvakawandisa uye innuendo anounganidza. Kupidigura umambo, varanda uori, vasingafari rudo nyaya - izvi zvose excites zvokufungidzira uye anoita hanzi anorovera. Funga zvimwe zvakavanzika nematende yekare?

shongwe

Ataurwa nemisasa yekare dzavo zvakavanzika uye zvipoko - wokutanga anouya mumusoro? Chokwadi, Shongwe London. This London chivakwa Yakava mujeri avo kuti ikozvino vane nzira imwe chete - kune scaffold. It haana apukunyuka ichi zvakafanorongwa uye Anne Boleyn, mudzimai Henry VIII rechipiri. The Church haana kumubvumira kuti kurambana, uye rudo idzva akabvunza kusarudza pavari. Key, iyo yakava zvikabva pamusoro Bluebeard, akawana nzira yokubuda - iye akapomera wake mukadzi makunakuna uye akatongerwa rufu. Vakaona vakati kuti mambokadzi akanga zvikuru akadzikama uye rakaisvonaka, achifumira pamusoro anotema chinogumbura, hapana hasha uye nemisodzi. Uyewo, murume wake, zvakare, "netsitsi" - akagovera unyanzvi French kuuraya, uye pashure pokufa Anna haana kuisa musoro wake kuti vose vaone, uye akavigwa nokuisa pasi rwake rworudyi ruoko. Kubvira ipapo, kwete chete muna Tower, asi dzakawanda London akatanga nenguva kuona Blurred mufananidzo mukadzi kwoumbozha rokwe munoiswa musoro wake rworudyi.

Castle Mayerling

Paunoona Photo ichi, mutana Castle vanotarisa saka akanyorova kuti zvakaoma kutenda kwake kwasviba uye inosuruvarisa kuti Austria. Zvaiva imomo kuti akafa pasi tsarukano mugari wenhaka pachigaro, Rudolf, chete mwanakomana Sisi uye Frantsa Iosifa. Rudolph, maererano vakararama, akanga mwoyo uye kwenguva dzisavhiringidza rokufunga, iro "kubatwa" kuvhunduka mishonga doro. Rimwe zuva chena chando muna January 1899, iye ake tenzikadzi Maria Meyerling manheru akapinda yemauto haana kudzoka. Vakanga akawanikwa akafa pashure imwe nguva - musikana akapfurwa uye Rudolph - muchetura. Pane shanduro zvakaitika zhinji: Vamwe vanoti korona muchinda akanyengetedza Mary kuenda naye uye kupfura pachake pashure anotora muchetura, vamwe - kuti mugari wenhaka akauraya naye uye ipapo vakazviuraya, vamwe vanosimbirira kuti vaviri vakaurayiwa vanopikisana korona yacho mamiriro muAustria.

Olesko Castle

Kana akataura kare nhare rweUkraine, chinhu chokutanga chandinoyeuka ndechokuti mamiriro ichi. Nyaya yake inonakidza - izvo kanenge ndechokuti ari XVII remakore mudare vakashumira baba Bogdana Hmelnitskogo, panguva imwe chete paiva nenjodzi, iyo vanoti, uye achiri. Muridzi Olesko Castle ane mwanasikana akanaka, ane ruoko zvakaoma, asi pasina akatsvaka vechiduku Adam. The basa kuwana chikomborero kwababa anodiwa akanga achakundikana nekuti aida kuona zyatyah chete mumiririri dzemhuri youmambo. Kukwanisa kudzivisa inotevera kukundikana, Adhamu vakazviuraya pamberi vose. Nokuti aiva kuzviuraya, iye akavigwa pasina mutsika yechiKristu - maererano imwe shanduro akavigwa pedyo pamasvingo wenhare, pane dzimwe - chete akakanda muviri ari doro. mwanasikana muridzi akasagona tipone kurasikirwa uye akatora upenyu hwake pachake. Braves kuti takatsunga kupedza usiku panhare Olessky vanoti vaviri mweya kudzikama vachiri famba nemamiriro, kutyora runyararo moans.

Woodstock Castle

Famous nhare yekare munyika zvinosanganisira uye Woodstock. Achitaura pamusoro nevamwe features, tinogona kutaura chokwadi chokuti ungira kwayo hazvishamisi zvakajeka akanzwa 17 kane pamusara. Zvisinei, izvozvo hazvirevi fadza mupfungwa vanhu. Muzana XII remakore chakava uchapupu rudo, triangle, pamakona maviri zvakanga akapa zvikuru madzimai panguva iyoyo, uye wechitatu angled vari penya runako. Tiri kutaura Henry II Plantagenet, Eleanor pamusoro Aquitania uye Rosamund Clifford. Maererano nengano, Henry akaviga tenzikadzi wake Rosamund Woodstock iri shongwe wenhare. The nzira akaenda kuburikidza inovhiringidza, riri bofu kukunda zvisingabviri. Uye chiyero akaruramiswa, nokuti mambo aiziva kuti mukadzi wake Crowned akangwara kwete chete, asiwo zvikuru nyanya. Pasinei zvose, Eleanor vakamutevera murume uye akawana runako. Its mhinduro yakanga zvisingadzoreki - Rosamund aifanira kufa. Kusarudza akapiwa rufu kwake kubva munondo kana muchetura. Beloved Henry akasarudza ekupedzisira, uye akasangana rufu mukurwadziwa - zvirokwazvo, kubva mukadzi akatsamwa zvakaoma kutarisira kukurumidza, rufu ngoni. Plantagenet akadzidza nenhamo, vavhiringidzika uye zvachose mujeri mukadzi anonyengera. Ndangariro Rosamund iye zvabatwa kusvikira parufu rwake, uye anofungidzirwa akafa musi sezvazviri, asi pashure pemakore 13. Mweya vasikana vachiri ichifamba famba yemauto vakamirira mambo wavo.