Methane, acetylene zvinoshandiswa akasiyana-siyana-siyana vane maindasitiri ukoshi

Pane zvakarongwa pamusoro Mahydrocarbon, methane, acetylene, basa rinokosha munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana makemikari indasitiri. Pakutanga methane haana kumirira chinhu rinoshanda kufarira. Akanzi uye nomumachakwi uye nyorova panzvimbo payo kakawanda kuwanikwa zvakasikwa. Kazhinji, remubatanidzwa ichi akapa taisireva nokuda kwavo mumuviri makemikari zvivako. Hauoneki uye odorless methane aigona kukonzera munhu uye zvishoma indisposition, uye kunyange zvakakomba chepfu. Asi zvikuru dambudziko nemano ayo kuunza gasi yakavhenganiswa mhepo kuumba zvinobata moto coctail pamwe dzinoparadza mano makuru.

Pasinei nokuti methane akawana nzira dzakawanda kushandisa, kugadzirwa fuma uyu indasitiri haina ukoshi. Chokwadi chokuti ikoku hakuna chisakachena chete zvakasikwa, asi ari shamwari (divi) zvigadzirwa siyana rwokugadzira dzinotsanagura ano namakemikari indasitiri.

Berthelot muna 1860, akakwanisa kuita zvakaitwa, iro akazopiwa mukuru maindasitiri kukosha. Asi mumazuva iwayo, Maitikiro acho anobvumira kuti vaite makemikari kuchinja methane> acetylene, haana kugamuchira nechido zvikuru. Chokwadi chokuti aifanira nechokwadi pane zvakakwana mune acetylene carbide uye nzira kwayo kugadzirwa.

Modern makemikari indasitiri awana nzira dzakawanda kushandisa kuti acetylene. Izvi gasi nokuveza, uye kurishandisa inopenya zvemakemikari mwenje, uye akashandiswa zvaAtemisi yakasiyana siyana makemikari. Acetylene vaizviti kuwana dzakasiyana-siyana putika yeimwe uye acetic acid, ethyl doro uye zvokufembedzwa, rabha uye zvinonhuwirira Mahydrocarbon. A kuratidzwa nebudiriro remakore rechimakumi maviri kwaiva kushandiswa acetylene kweShanduro Polymers.

An nguva yakakodzera kuyeuka makemikari kutendeuka methane - acetylene. Elektrokreking uye Thermo-oxidative Cracking - zita ano rwokugadzira pezvakaitwa nemhaka vari acetylene kubva methane. In aimbova zvazvingava, methane gasi ndege inopfuura nomunyika electrodes pasi kudziya 1600 ° C uye nokukurumidza haachandidi. Implementation kuti nzira wechipiri kuti rokutendeutsa methane - acetylene, kukwana oxidation, anofarira kupisa kusunungurwa kubva kukwana combustion kuti acetylene.

Pakuburitswa cheni, methane, acetylene, acetaldehyde okupedzisira chinhu akauya kuburikidza hydration maitiro acetylene, iyo vakabva kunzi kuita Kucherov. Industrial Applicability acetaldehyde inowanikwa pagadzirwe acetic acid, aldehyde Polymers, butadiene nhamba Organic zvinhu.

Asi fuma pachayo kunaka, acetaldehyde zvikuru chepfu kunyange kana kurevawo ganda. Mutauriri chakakomba mhepo dzinosvibisa, iyo anosuwa panguva pomoto, somuenzaniso, nokusvuta kana kubva motokari exhausts. A rakaita izvozvo chakaumbwa Kupisa mabatiro Polymers siyana uye mapurasitiki.

Next cheni methane, acetylene, benzene, chlorobenzene humwe simbiso vanoshingaira kushandiswa ano namakemikari Mazinga nomumachakwi kana firedamp. Tiri kare vanoziva zvinoitwa dzokubvisa acetylene. Zvazvinosarira chete kuita trimerization negasi ichi, C2H2 kuyambuka neactivated charcoal ari tembiricha rworwendo 400 Celsius. The zvichiguma Nzira maindasitiri kuti kugadzirwa benzene anoenda ethylbenzene, cumene, nitrobenzene uye cyclohexane. About zvitatu muzana pfuma wapera pakugadzirira Linear alkyl benzenes. mumwe chete muzana benzene kunwa kuti kwetunhu chlorobenzene. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, maitiro ayo chlorination. Conditions yawo Implementation ndiwo tembiricha pa 80-85 ° C uye kuvapo simbi kana simbi chloride.