Nzira mupfungwa tsvakurudzo

Psychology nokuti kuunganidza mashoko yesayenzi vachishandisa iine anokosha nzira. Nokuti sainzi ichi zviri zvikuru kuti nzira iyo ruzivo yapihwa. L.Vygotsky aidavira kuti chokwadi vakawana kushandisa zvishande nenheyo siyana vari yakatosiyana zvinhu.

Facts vakawana mune imwe empirical kudzidza ndakatsunga simba pakutsvakurudza Zvirongwa hypotheses kare rinowanikwa ruzivo pamusoro kuongororwa chinhu, uye zvimwewo. Naizvozvo, nzira uye unyanzvi mupfungwa tsvakurudzo tiri chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha uye nharo issues wepfungwa sechinhu sainzi.

Nzira mupfungwa tsvakurudzo - inzira yokutsvakurudza uye kudzidza pfungwa maitiro akasiyana vanhu, ongororo uye kubudiswa ruzivo inounganidzwa nokuda mupfungwa, uyewo kuwana Zvakawanikwa yesayenzi kwakavakirwa tsvakurudzo uchapupu. Dzakashandiswa kugadzirisa zvakananga tsvakurudzo matambudziko mumunda wepfungwa.

The chikuru nzira mupfungwa tsvakurudzo - chiri kuedza uye akataura. Mumwe nomumwe izvi nzira inoshanda chaizvo siyana uye kunoratidzwa siyana subspecies uye zvinhu.

Nzira mupfungwa tsvakurudzo zvainanga ari kuburitsa features, mitemo, zvigadziriswe pakati psyche evanhu uye munzanga mapoka, uyewo yakafanana kudzidza kushanda kwendangariro uye zvakavapo. Mumwe nzira ine yayo features, asi anewo zvimwe zvausingakwanisi. Izvi zvinhu zvinoda kufungwa iri tsika, nyanzvi uye mamwe mabasa.

Studies in zvepfungwa kunge pfungwa pakuwana chinangwa zvabuda, zivo yechokwadi pamusoro dzakananga nezvaanogona ari psyche. Izvi zvinoda kuti pave dzakananga nzira kwepfungwa uye nyanzvi mupfungwa kutsvakurudza nzira uye kudzidza murume.

mupfungwa tsvakurudzo nzira inogona Classified. Panyaya iyi, ziva mharidzo dzakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, B. Ananiev kusiyanisa zvinotevera mapoka pakutsvakurudza nzira iri zvepfungwa.

KweSangano - zvinosanganisira kuenzaniswa kuongorora (Enzanisa bvunzo pane dzimwe nzira: mhando yebasa, zera, etc.), nzira longitudinal pakati (-refu kudzidza Chiitiko), kunzwisisa (ari kuongorora zvinobatanidzwa vamiririri sayenzi siyana, akasiyana kudzidza mari).

Empirical - ndiye kuunganidzwa zvikuru mashoko. Ivo secrete observational nzira (izvo kunonzwisiswa zvaakazvionera uye introspection.

Kuedza - nzira, kusanganisira munda, rabhoritari, dzinongoitika, uye nokuzivisa munhu okukura kudzidza.

Psychodiagnostic - bvunzo nzira, izvo rakakamurwa projective miedzo, kwezvipimo, kukurukurirana, kubvunzurudza, yakanyorwa, sociometry, pollsters nevamwe.

Praksimetricheskie - nzira kuongorora mananara, mupfungwa basa zvigadzirwa, akadai chronometers oupenyu nzira; professiogram, tsiklografiya, chigadzirwa kuongorora mabasa; Mod.

Nzira date kubudiswa, izvo zvinosanganisira quantitative (Statistical) uye Qualitative (ongororo uye Kusiyanisa nezvinhu mumapoka), vanobvumira kuti kumisa mitemo zvakavanzwa zvakananga maonero.

Weupirikiri nzira dzinosanganisira nomumwe nzira kutsanangura dependencies uye mapatani, dzakaonekwa nokuda Statistical kubudiswa nemashoko uye kuenzanisa navo pamwe nezvaanoziva. Izvi zvinosanganisira typological kupatsanura, kuvabereki nzira, mamiriro, psychography, mupfungwa profile.

Nezvinodzidziswa mupfungwa tsvakurudzo: nyaya iri Achifara, kugona, kusasarura, zvakavanzika, akaudza mvumo.