Nyika yePetononi. Ongororo dzezvesayenzi dzemapuraneti ezuva

Planetary ubanguranyika - mafaro. Tinoziva zvose achiri muduku kuti muzviitiko zvakawanda, haugoni kutaura chokwadi, uye chete hypotheses. Kudzidza mapuraneti - iyi ndiyo nzvimbo umo mikuru zvakawanwa zvichiri mberi. Zvisinei, pamusoro chinhu unogona kuudza. Pashure kutsvakurudza pakati dzomuchadenga zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri zvave inoitwa kwemazana emakore anoverengeka.

In mufananidzo pazasi (kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi) ari puraneti Mercury, Venus, Earth uye Mars vanoonekwa munzvimbo dzavo dzine hukuru.

Nokufungidzira kuti pakati Jupiter uye Mars pane nyika, kutanga yataurwa 1596 Iogann Kepler. In zvaanofunga naro kwaibva pakuti pakati mapuraneti aya vane guru tenderera nzvimbo. Empirical ukama kurondedzera anofungidzirwa chinhambwe kubva zuva mapuraneti siyana, akanga akagadzira muna 1766. Unonzi sezvo Titius-Bode. Asi kuti yakawanikwa nyika, maererano nomurau uyu, unofanira kuva 2.8 uye munzvimbo. e.

Nokufungidzira Ticius vasabatwa asteroids

Somugumisiro kudzidza madaro siyana mapuraneti kubva Sun, akatakurwa ari 2nd yezana remakore rechi18, Titius, mumwe yefizikisi German, akaita inonakidza pfungwa. Iye conjectured kuti pakati Jupiter uye Mars kune mumwe muviri yokudenga. Muna 1801, kuti, pashure mashomanana emakore, zvakanzi yakawanikwa asteroid Ceres. Akatamira zvinoshamisa zvakarurama daro kubva Sun, ari runoenzanirana utongi Titius. Makore mashomanana gare gare zvakanzi yakawanikwa asteroid Juno, Pallas uye Vesta. kutenderera yavo pedyo zvikuru Ceres.

kufembera Olbers

Olbers, mumwe muongorori wenyeredzi wokuGermany (asian ake anopiwa pamusoro), pahwaro ichi yakati kuti pakati Jupiter uye Mars kure kubva Sun anenge 2,8 muchadenga dzakabatana dzaimbova nyika, zvino ari rwakakamukana asteroids zhinji. Akatanga kushevedzera Shay. Zvave kuti ichi nyika dzaimbova zvipenyu, uye zvinokwanisika kuti rose budiriro. Zvisinei, kwete vose Phaeton nyika inogona kuonekwa sechinhu zvinopfuura kungova hunch.

Maonero pamusoro pokuparadzwa Phaeton

Masayendisiti remakore rechi20 yakati kuti vanenge 16 zviuru. Makore akapfuura tsvagai nyika akaurayiwa. A yakawanda gakava zvino kufambidzana akadai zvikonzero kaienda nokukuvadzwa. Mamwe masayendisiti anodavira kuti Jupiter kuti giravhiti akakonzera kuparadzwa Phaeton. Rimwezve zano - kuputika basa. Other pfungwa chokuita zvishoma chinyakare maonero, - a kudhumhana pamwe Nibiru, ane muchadenga zvinopfuura zvakanaka kuburikidza zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri; uye hondo yenyukireya.

Life musi Phaeton?

Zvakaoma kutonga kana paiva upenyu pamusoro Phaeton, sezvo kunyange kuvapo zhinji nyika rakaoma kuratidza. Zvisinei, tsvakurudzo kuitwa rapfuura vanoratidza remakore kuti izvi zvingava zvechokwadi. Umberto Kempins, imwe nyanzvi achishanda paUniversity of Central Florida, akati panguva wepagore Musangano of Department of Planetary Sciences nezvokuti chikwata chake akawana mvura pamusoro asteroid 65 dzaiitirwa Cybele. Maererano naye, asteroid pamusoro zvemapuranga ane mutete paiva echando (micrometers mashoma). Uye mairi kungoda Organic mamorekuru kwakawanikwa. Chete bhandi pakati Jupiter uye Mars, asi asteroid ndiye dzaiitirwa Cybele. Mvura zvishoma apfuura kuwanikwa musi 24 Themis. On Vesta uye Ceres, hombe asteroid, naicho kuwanikwa. Kana zvinoitika kuti ichi ndicho ngwanda of Phaeton, zviri zvimwe kuti ichi nyika chaitwa kuna Earth zvipenyu.

Nhasi, pfungwa yokuti kare kwaiva puraneti Phaeton, mukuru sayenzi haina kuzivikanwa. Zvisinei, pane zvakawanda vaongorori uye masayendisiti vanotsigira pfungwa yokuti izvi haisi ngano. Aiva Phaeton nyika? Scientist Olbers, izvo isu kare ambotaurwa, zvinonzi vakatenda.

Olbers pfungwa pamusoro rufu Phaeton

Hatina dudza pakutanga kwenyaya ino kuti nyanzvi mumazuva Genriha Olbersa (18-19 remakore) akatora pfungwa yokuti kare maiva guru yokudenga muviri pakati kutenderera Mars uye Jupiter. Vaida kunzwisisa chii mufi raiva nyika Phaeton. Olbers achiri zvikuru kazhinji akagadzira dzidziso yake. Iye akataura kuti comets uye asteroids dzakaumbwa nokuti kuti hombe nyika muputswe zvidimbu. Chikonzero ichi chingaitika pakakoromoka wake yomukati uye kunze chiito (ranwa). Nechekare muzana remakore rechi19 zvakava pachena kuti kana kare, uye pakanga ichi tsvagai nyika, yakanga yakasiyana gasi Hofori akadai Neptune, Uranus, Saturn uye Jupiter. Kazhinji kacho zvaiva mapuraneti pano vari dzaro, izvo zvinosanganisira Mars, Venus uye Mercury.

The nzira inofungidzira kukura uye vakawanda, Verrier dzichitaurwa

pakati remakore rechi19, nhamba yakawanikwa asteroids vachiri vaduku. Uyezve, saizi ravo harina kuisa. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti vaite chinhu pakarepo tinyatsonzwisisa ukuru uye uremu ane tsvagai nyika. Zvisinei, Urbain Le Verrier, muongorori wenyeredzi wokuFrance (asian ake anopiwa pamusoro), zvinganaka nzira itsva kupima, iro vakabudirira kushandiswa muchadenga masayendisiti nhasi. Kuti tinzwisise musimboti nzira ichi, zvakafanira kuti digress. We tsanangura sei Neptune yakawanikwa.

Kuwanikwa Neptune

chiitiko ichi chaiva yakunda nzira yaishandiswa muchadenga kudziongorora. Kuvapo ichi yemapuraneti zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri kutanga hunonzi "akaverenga" uye akabva yakawanikwa Neptune mudenga panzvimbo yakanga zvafanotaurwa.

Zvingaonekwa kuti Uranus, yakawanikwa 1781 zvaiita kugovera mukana kusika tafura yakarurama umo mapuraneti muchadenga ezvinhu anotsanangurwa pfungwa kwerubwinyo rwakagara rwuripo pakutsvaga nevatsvakurudzi. Zvisinei, kuita izvi hazvina kuitika, nekuti Uranus ari kutanga emakore remakore rechi19. nguva mberi, uye akatanga kufambirana urongwa zvakatendeka dzaona nemasayendisiti mumakore ramangwana. Kuongorora volatility inofamba wayo muchadenga, ari nyanzvi vakagumisa kuti panofanira kuva mumwe nyika kwaari (kureva Neptune), iro anogogodza iye "kurasika" nokuda kwayo regiravhiti. The zvarakasiya pamusoro Uranus kubva dzaona urongwa kuti zvionekwe chii mamiriro kufamba ichi asingaoneki, uye kuwana nzvimbo yayo mudenga.

aiongorora French Urbain Le Verrier uye Chirungu musayendisiti Dzhon Adams akasarudza kuita dambudziko iri. Vose vakakwanisa kuzadzisa pamusoro zvakafanana. Zvisinei, wokuEngland haana mhanza - nyanzvi havana kutenda Masvomhu ake uye zvaakacherechedza akatanga. More akanaka mugumo akanga kuna Le Verrier. Chaizvoizvo rakatevera pashure kugamuchira tsamba kubva Masvomhu Urbena Johann Galle, mumwe mutsvakurudzi German, anowanikwa zvakafanotaurwa nzvimbo itsva nyika. Saka, "panguva muromo mudanga," sezvo kazhinji vanoti, September 23, 1846 Neptune yakawanikwa. Rakanga yakadzokororwa maonero pamusoro mapuraneti sei mazhinji renzou. Zvakazozivikanwa kuti havana 7, sepakutanga ndakafunga, uye 8.

Sezvo Verrier zvakaita vakawanda Phaeton

Urbain Le Verrier yokusarudza uremu zviri tsvagai yokudenga muviri, izvo vakati mamwe Olbers, achishandisa nzira chete. The vakawanda asteroids zvose, kusanganisira haana kuvhura panguva, zvaibvira kunyatsoongorora, achishandisa kukosha chinovhiringidza zviito, izvo rinoshandura inofamba pakati Mars asteroid bhandi. Muchiitiko chino, zviri pachena kuti raora kuti yepasi pose guruva uye miviri yokudenga, zviri asteroid bhandi, hakuzoverengwi. Inofanira aionekwa Mars uyewo matambudziko hofori asteroid bhandi, Jupiter muduku zvikuru.

Verrier akatanga kuongorora Mars. Aitsanangura hazvitaurwi zvarakasiya kuchengetwa ari inofamba iri perihelion zviri muchadenga panyika. Akaverenga kuti mukanyiwa yacho asteroid bhandi haafaniri kupfuudza 0.1-0.25 Wepasi vakawanda. Uchishandisa nzira chete, dzimwe vatsvakurudzi vava zvakafanana kunoguma mumakore anouya.

The kudzidza Phaeton muzana remakore rechi20

Chikuva mutsva Phaeton akatanga pakati pezana remakore rechi20. Panguva ino paiva hwakadzama migumisiro pakudzidza pakubhadhara akasiyana meteorites. Izvi akabvumira masayendisiti kuti vawane ruzivo pamusoro chii chidziro aigona kuva nyika Phaeton. Kutaura zvazviri, kana tichifungidzira kuti asteroid bhandi Nde tsime meteorites wakawira pasi pevhu, unofanira kubvuma kuti tsvagai nyika goko mamiriro akanga zvakafanana chii akanga mapuraneti pano.

The matatu emhando dzakawanda zvinowanzovapo meteorites - Simbi-ibwe uye ibwe - zvinoratidza kuti Phaeton muviri rine nguo, goko uye simbi-nickel core. Kubva siyana anoshongwa yepasi, izvo vakarambana kamwe, meteorites dzakaumbwa nemakirasi izvi zvitatu. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti achondrites, saka zvakafananidzirwa goko zvicherwa, zvaigona kuumbwa nokuda omuti of Phaeton. Chondrites kunge achiumbwa kubva yokumusoro nejasi. Iron meteorites ipapo yakabuda kubva mwoyo weatomu, uye apasi akaturikidzana of jasi - chitima ibwe.

Kuziva chikamu makirasi akasiyana meteorites kuti harungawiri pasi pevhu, tinogona kufungidzira pakukora ari cortex, musimboti kukura, uyewo zvinonakisa ukuru tsvagai nyika. Planet Phaeton, maererano kufungidzira uku, akanga diki. About 3 zviuru? Km ndiyo nharaunda. Ndizvo kukura kwakanga zvakafanana Mars.

Pulkovo nyanzvi muna 1975 akabudisa pepa KN Savchenko (Makore oupenyu - 1910-1956). Akataura kuti nyika Phaeton pamusoro vazhinji Pasi ndowenyika boka. Maererano Savchenko zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvakanga pedyo panyaya iyi kuna Mars. 3440? Km aiva kwayo nharaunda.

On nyaya iyi, hapana tabvumirana panyanzvi dzezvomuchadenga. Vamwe Somuenzaniso, funga kuti chete pano 0,001 gobvu vanofungidzirwa rokumusoro akasungwa guru Mapuraneti duku, asteroids kurongwa nenzira mhete. Kunyange zvazvo zviri pachena kuti pamusoro mabhiriyoni makore apfuura kubva kuparadzwa Phaeton, zuva, mapuraneti vavo satellites vanokwezvwa vazhinji zvimedu. Vazhinji zvakasara Phaeton mumakore vave zvakohwewa kupinda yepasi pose muguruva.

Masvomhu anoratidza kuti hofori Jupiter mukuru resonant rinokweva zvinokonzerwa nokuti iyo kunze muchadenga aigona kukandwa vakawanda asteroids. Maererano nokumwe kufungidzira, rekukwazisa uwandu nyaya yacho nenjodzi aigona kuva 10,000 nguva kupfuura nhasi. A nhamba masayendisiti anodavira kuti Phaeton uremu nenguva kuputika aigona kupfuudza guru iri asteroid bhandi yanhasi muna 3000 zvakare.

Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti Phaeton ari kuputika nyeredzi akasiya kamwe zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri, kana kunyange kuvapo nhasi uye kutenderera iri elongated muchadenga. Somuenzaniso, L. V. Konstantinovskaya anotenda kuti nguva yaifamba mapuraneti yakapoteredza Sun - makore 2800. Nhamba iyi riri mumwoyo Mayan karenda uye karenda Hindu. The mutsvakurudzi akati kuti makore 2000 akapfuura, zvakaonekwa kuti nyeredzi panguva yokuberekwa kwaJesu, Magi. Vakatumidza izvozvo nenyeredzi reBheterehema.

The musimboti shoma kudyidzana

Michael Ouvend, wokuCanada muongorori wenyeredzi uyo akagadzira mutemo muna 1972, iyo inozivikanwa se nheyo usingashandi kwokukurukurirana. Iye akataura, kwakavakirwa pfungwa iyi, kuti pakati Jupiter uye Mars anenge mamiriyoni 10 apfuura, paiva nyika yaiva 90 nguva yakawanda akakura kupfuura Earth. Zvisinei, nokuti asingazivikanwi zvikonzero, yakaparadzwa. Muchiitiko chino, chinokosha chikamu comets uye asteroids vakanga pakupedzisira kukwezvwa Jupiter. Sezvineiwo, Saturn parizvino Zvinofungidzirwa kurema anenge 95 wt Earth. A zvinoverengeka vaongorori vanodavira kuti panhau iyi Phaeton anofanira vachiri dzinokwanisa muduku Saturn.

Nokufungidzira pamusoro gobvu of Phaeton, inobva zvavo pakati mazano

Saka, sezvo iwe wakaona, zvishoma chaizvo kusiyana ari kufungidzira kuti vakawanda, saka kukura nyika, izvo siyana Mars kuna Saturn. Mune mamwe manzwi, ndiye pamusoro 0,11-0,9 guru Nyika. Izvi zvinonzwisisika, nokuti sayenzi achiri haazivi pamusoro zvakanga kubvira njodzi nguva. Tisingazivi kana nyika akawira oga, hazvibviri kuti zvakawanda kana zvishoma zvakarurama ndezvipi pamusoro wake uremu.

Sezvo kazhinji nyaya, Ungangove zvinotevera: The chokwadi chiri pakati. Miganhu uye uremu vakafa Phaeton aigona kuenderana zvesayenzi nemaonero kukura uye guru Earth wedu. Vamwe vaongorori vanoti Phaeton akanga zvakawanda pamusoro 2-3 nguva pane rokupedzisira indekisi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti unogona kusapfuudza kukura redu kumwe muna 1.5 nguva.

Rebuttal Olbers pfungwa iri 60s remakore rechi20

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti masayendisiti akawanda kare muna 60s remakore rechi20 vakatanga kusiya aronga Genrihom Olbersom dzidziso. Vanodavira kuti ngano yepasi Phaeton - hapana kupfuura fembera, iri nyore kuvhara. Nhasi, vaongorori vakawanda kuti vanodavira kuti nokuda napedyo kuna Jupiter, aisagona kuonekwa pakati kutenderera Mars uye Jupiter. Naizvozvo, hazvibviri kutaura chokwadi kuti kamwe kwaiva kuparadzwa nyika Phaeton. "Utachiona" varo, maererano pfungwa iyi, vave yokuita zvinoitwa Jupiter, kuti shamwari ayo kana vakanga vachadzingwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo yedu Solar System. Mukuru "muparanzvongo" kuti ngano anyangarika nyika Phaeton yaisagona kuonekwa, naizvozvo, ndizvo Jupiter. Zvisinei, zvinonzi ikozvino kuzivikanwa kuti kuwedzera uku kwaiva zvimwewo zvikonzero pamusoro izvo kuunganidza nyika haina kutora nzvimbo.

Planet V

Interesting Zvakawanikwa nezvenyeredzi uye vokuAmerica. Zvichienderana migumisiro vakawana nokushandiswa kwemasvomhu Modelling, Jack uye Lissa Dzhon Chembers, NASA masayendisiti hwaratidza kuti asteroid bhandi pakati Mars uye 4 bhiriyoni apfuura, paiva nyika ine kugadzikana chaizvo uye eccentric muchadenga. Vakatumidza izvozvo "Planet V". Kuvapo Its Zvisinei, haasi yasimbiswa zvakadaro, hapana zvimwe ano nzvimbo kudziongorora. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti wechishanu nyika akafa, wakawira zuva. Zvisinei, pfungwa iyi zvino hapana akakwanisa kuongorora. Sezvineiwo, maererano shanduro iyi iri nyika hakurevi kusunga paumbwe asteroid bhandi.

Ndivo zvinokosha dzidziso vanoongorora nyeredzi panguva dambudziko kuvapo Phaeton. kuongorora kwesayenzi pakati dzomuchadenga zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri vari kuramba. Kunenge, akapa nebudiriro rokupedzisira remakore ari muchadenga ubanguranyika munguva yemberi iri pedyo tichaita kuwana ruzivo rutsva dzinonakidza. Ndiani anoziva kuti mapuraneti akawanda vakamirira kuti pachena ...

Pakupedzisira, udza yakanaka ngano pamusoro Phaeton.

Legend pamusoro Phaeton

Pana Helios, mwari zuva (hunomirirwa pamusoro), kubva Klimov, aiva naamai vaiva gungwa mwarikadzi KARAMOKO, mwanakomana, anonzi Phaeton. Epaphus, mwanakomana waZeusi uye hama huru hunhu, kamwe chokwadi kuti baba Phaeton zviri Helios. Akanga atsamwa naye uye akakumbira vabereki vake kuti kuratidza kuti ndiye mwanakomana wake. Phaeton vaida kuti iye akatasva pangoro yake yakakurumbira yendarama. Helios vacho vakavhunduka, akati kuti kunyange Zeus guru, havakwanisi kutonga naro. Zvisinei, Shay akaramba, uye akabvuma.

Mwanakomana Helios akasvetukira pangoro, asi akakoniwa aongorore mabhiza. Pakupedzisira Akasunungura itsvo. Horses, achiona rusununguko, dzakamhanya-mhanya kunyange nokukurumidza. Vakabva yakatsvairwa pedyo chaizvo pamusoro Earth, ipapo akakwira nyeredzi. Earth ukabatwa moto wakaburuka kubva pangoro. Vakaurayiwa madzinza yese, ichipfuta huni. Phaeton mune hutema asingazivi kwaaienda. Takatanga gungwa, uye nokupisa vakatanga kutambura kunyange gungwa huMwari.

Ipapo GAIA-Earth akati, akatendeuka Zeus kuti nokukurumidza zvinhu zvose zvichaita zvakare kuva primordial mhirizhonga, kana ichi anoenderera mberi. Akakumbira vose kuti aponese pakuparadzwa. Zeus akateerera kuteterera kwake, akazvizunguzira rwake rworudyi, akapotsera mheni uye kutumbura moto nomoto. Ngoro Helios akafawo. Sungai mabhiza, uye zvimedu ayo vakapararira mhiri kudenga. Helios mukurwadziwa kwakadzika akapfiga chiso chake uye havana kuratidza kukwira zuva rose vari rebhuruu. Ground rakafukidza moto chete pamusoro moto.