Ndiani jinda Kudeyar? History, ngano, mashoko ari mabhuku

Zvikuru nevakawanda hunhu iri munhoroondo necheSalvic ngano raiva Ataman Kudeyar. Legends nezvake vanozivikanwa munzvimbo zhinji nechepakati uye kumaodzanyemba kweRussia. Nyaya ino ichakurukura muudzame vamwe runako inonyatsozivikanwa anotaura munhoroondo, ngano uye mabhuku mutungamiri ichi.

Origin of zita Kudeyar

Chaiwo mazuva oupenyu Ataman Kudeyar hapana angati, asi zvinofungirwa kuti akagara nenhanhatu remakore. Pane akasiyana-siyana kuti kwakabva zita wePersia Khudoyar rinoreva "vanodiwa vaMwari", kana Kudeyar, kazhinji kwakapiwa wechiTatar mavambo. Kumadokero uye nechepakati Russia ndiro zita aiva yakasiyana - the muuki simba kupfuura.

Kwenguva refu zita rake Kudeyar kuwanikwa mumatunhu mazhinji akadai Voronezh, Kharkov, Tula, Kaluga nevamwe vazhinji. Gare gare, zvakatanga vawane mukurumbira, anonziwo Kudeyarov.

Name jinda Kudeyar kuwana chete ngano. Kune mienzaniso anotaura nayo munhau:

• The Old kwamachinda Markov, chizvarwa Kursk akanga Kilderyar Ivanovic, ane rakapfupikiswa anonzi Kudeyarov.
• Mune dzimwe zvinyorwa kutaurwa womunda pakutanga kubva arzamasa, wakabereka zita Kudeyar Chufarov.
• Tinoziva zita Moscow Cossack Karachaeva Kudeyar.
• Kazhinji zvinotaurwa yaMakoronike Prince Meshchersky Kudeyar Ivanovich.
• Pane zvinyorwa pamusoro vatengesi, vatizira Crimea, nokuda Kudeyar Tishenkov, anobva Belevsky boyars. Vanhu vazhinji kusonganira ichi chidimbu chaiye pamwe mufananidzo mutungamiri.

Ataman kuzivikanwa nomuchinda Yuri

Pane ngano dzakawanda, izvo anoita kufanana nejinda Kudeyarov uye Yuri Vasilievich, mwanakomana Solomonii Saburovoy uye Vasily III. Zvinokwanisika kuratidza vamwe vavo;

1. Legend chizvarwa Saratov, unotiudza kuti Ivan anotyisa, asati vaienda vachirwisana muna Kazan, akasiya Moscow nemagariro Kudeyarov. Gare gare vakawana kuti Kazan chirevo akanga kwenhema, akaita kuti kurayira pasina mambo Kudeyar V. rakavapa hurumende chezvipo, wakapukunyuka kurangwa.
2. Simbirskaya ngano inoti kuti Yuri Kudeyar akanga varangana Kazan kuurayiwa mumaoko Ivan anotyisa. Zvisinei, kuziva pachine pamusoro nevavariro vamambo, Yuri akatora kuzvidzivirira panzvimbo pamusoro Volga, muna Krotkovskogo guta.
3. Anozivikanwa ngano kuti chamber Ivan Grozny achiri vakasangana Yuri ari vakakomba Kazan, uye kuti, uyewo, vakatiza kubva mutongi kuchamhembe kwenyika.
4. Kursk Legend ane kuti George yakatorwa ne Tatars, uyo aida kuti rudzikinuro kubva pamambo. Kana kuedza akatadza, musungwa wakatumwa nehondo kundorwa nokuda wavarindi choushe. Zvisinei, pfungwa iyi yakaratidza kuva basa, ipapo Yuri akagara munyika Russian, paakange paaivatambudza nougororo.
5. Suzdal muzvinambiri nekusiyana, rinoti mhedziso Kudeyarov Vasilyevich mubatanidzwa nokuzvidira pamwe Tartars, ane chinangwa chaiva kuwana chigaro. Zvisinei, achiona kubva utsinye akenda Tartars, ari kudzivirira kwake yechizvarigo.

ngano All sechinhu Ataman, uye pamusoro Yuri Kudeyar zvinoratidza kumutengesa yake Motherland, izvo zvinoonekwa kupukunyuka kana kusiya kuti muvengi.

Other ngano pamusoro pemavambo Kudeyar

Pane zvakawanda nyaya kwakabva Ataman Kudeyar:

• Maererano yaMakoronike Voronezh, Kudeyar aiva muteresi panguva Khan. Rimwe zuva, sacking Russian kugarwa, akasarudza kudzokera kuna gavhuna, kugara Voronezh panyika, akaunganidza wakadaro vanhu ndokuramba dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya upenyu. Nokukurumidza kudanana nemusikana necheSalvic, kubiwa wake uye akaita mukadzi wake.

• Mumusha Loch tendai ngano kuti Kudeyar aiva wekubhabhatidzwa muduku mukoma Ivan anotyisa. The Emperor zvokumuuraya, muchitenda norunyerekupe kuti paanokwegura kumusoro, zvingava anomutorera ari chepamutemo choushe. Zvisinei, varanda kuteerera murayiro wamambo uye vakatizira muchinda, uyo gare gare vatendeukira Islam uye ainzi Kudeyarov.
• Pane ngano kuti aiva mwanakomana Kudeyar Zhigmonta beautor, uyo akaberekwa pamberi kuziviswa sekuru vake, Mambo Poland. Iye akamhanyira Cossacks of Dnieper River, uye gare gare akapinda basa Ivanu Groznomu, asi pashure rwamambo opals vakapukunyuka uye akaenda dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya upenyu.
• In Ryazan, pane pfungwa yaiva Kudeyar evatsigiri kwete chete kubirwa vatengesi kubva Moscow, asiwo kutorwa zvipfuwo vemo.
• In iri Oryol mudunhu jinda papi sezvo wetsvina, anochengeta pfuma yake.

Vakapiwa kuwanda zvinyorwa, akasiyana mumwe Zvakaoma zvakakwana kupa tsanangudzo yakarurama Ataman Kudeyar.

Legends webako Kudeyar

Kwenguva refu, vakawanda pfuma vavhimi vakaedza kuwana pfuma gororo Kudeyar pamusoro ngano zhinji. NGO aiva zvose pasina. In dzakawanda zvekare rinotsanangura maguta apo Ataman makororo Kudeyar akaviga chakapambwa. Vazhinji izvi nzvimbo vanotaurwa Voronezh mudunhu. Maererano nedzimwe nyaya, mumasango Bryansk pane nzvimbo pfuma yakavanzika, uye usiku-ngwanda nematombo unogona kuona chiedza, uye dzimwe nguva kunzwa mwana achichema.

Kudeyarova bako chinorondedzerwa se nzvimbo kwete chete kuchengeta chakapambwa, asi Jinda amene akagara kwazvo agadzirirwa nepedyo. Gore iri raiva bako akafukidzwa mumatenhere zvachose. Kurutivi ndiwo mumwe gomo - Karaulnaya pairi varindiri akanga anamira gororo. Around nzvimbo iyi yakanga akacherwa rakadzika, pokugara uye kudzivirira vagari vayo kubva mvumo. Panguva apo Kudeyar akasiya ake utiziro kunotsvaka itsva purofiti, Akapfigira zvose makamuri uye pamukova mubako akazadza namabwe. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti mweya nejinda uye achiri dogging ake kusingatauriki upfumi kubva kuvanhu. Vamwe vari pfungwa kuti Kudeyar nokuda nemano avo emashiripiti uye mupenyu nhasi.

Pane imwe shanduro ngano. Maererano naye, pfuma yake yose vakanga nekuona kuburikidza dzevanhu ziso kwemakore 200. Izwi iri refu aenda, uye kuwana pfuma anofanira kuva vasinganzwisisike nhamba yevanhu. Kana gomba, kuti usvinudze zvechizarira yaunofanira kushandisa yendarama kiyi, iyo inochengetwa chitubu Sims. Get hazvina kudaro nyore, zvinogona kuita chete uyo bailed kunze kunobva kana kuwana mvura kubva Dinner Lake, nzvimbo iyo hapana anoziva.

The seboka mufananidzo gororo

Mufananidzo Prince George, uyo vazhinji funga Kudeyarov gororo, nhoroondo iri seboka uye inosanganisira oupenyu Data chaizvoizvo asi zvakasiyana vanhu. Maererano migumisiro Kudeyar zita vanhu rava shoko imba. Rinoreva zvose zviripo makororo. Dana unhu ichi zvechokwadi enhoroondo hazvibviri nokuda kwokushayiwa uchapupu hunotsigira kuvapo kwayo chaiye.

Maererano zvakarekodhwa kwakaitwa ari Saratov mudunhu, Kudeyar sokuti wechiTatar, uyo anoziva mutauro Russian uye ane zvakarurama yakakwirira kukura uye bestial chitarisiko. Uyewo, ngano zhinji rangana mano mashiripiti hunhu uyu, izvo zvakamubatsira ari zvaibiwa kwakaenderera uye achihwanda vateveri vake.

Mune dzimwe Manyoro ataman chernokury anorondedzerwa se murume anokurumidza kutsamwa uye chin'a hasha, izvo iyi rainge akapiwa Cossack. Uyewo, maererano vamwe pevairwara dzechembere sokuti mufananidzo zvakasiyana - munhu runako, dai nei umhare, akangwara, ane simba kwemakore vasikana vaduku.

Kazhinji, pane mifananidzo yakawanda Kudeyar yakavakirwa ngano dzekare. Vamwe vanoti upenyu hwake utsinye gororo, vamwe vanodavira kuti nejinda Kudeyar akanga ropa roumambo uye chakavanzirwa kutsamwa kwamambo vakarurama. Uyewo, pane maonero kuti aiva munyengeri abvunza somunhu ropa roumambo.

References kuti hunhu mune basa Nekrasov

Ataman Kudeyar Nekrasov Z raMwari, munyori mukuru Russian, rinotaurwa nezvaro "Ndiani Upenyu Zvakanaka mu Russia", mune chitsauko vanoda "Mabiko". The wokupedzisira mutsetse chitsauko ichi akasiyana zvichienderana edition, sezvo pane shanduro dzakawanda acho:

• Chinyorwa muna 1876 kuti magazini "Notes of Yababa" uye kusenza typographic pfungwa akaita maererano zvinyorwa izvi. Mumwe kupetura bhuku mumagazini iyi paakavapa muna 1881.
• mabhuku zvisiri pamutemo Petersburg freestyle pakudhinda yakabudiswa muna 1879. Ipfungwa Izvi rwuripowo kuunganidzwa yemunyori mabasa.

In basa iri, Ataman Kudeyar hunhu - yezvechitendero kuti anoudza Ionushka. Nyaya yake kuudzwa lyutom gororo uyo kutendeuka zvivi, uye vakatanga woga upenyu. Zvisinei, haana kuwana nzvimbo pachake, uye kamwe ari mutorwa, anoudza sei mbavha kuzadzisa rugare. Kuti aite izvi, akagura vekare pomuouki nawo chombo kuti vanhu vasina mhosva vakaurayiwa. Nokuti basa zvakatora makore asi vakadonha muti chete pashure kupondwa Mr Glukhov.

Akaswedera vanhu pana Ataman Kudeyar mu "Ndiani Upenyu Zvakanaka muRussia" raiva zvishoma. The chigadzirwa zvinoratidzwa nhamba dzavo. Muna detembo rinoti nezvawo: "Gilot makororo gumi, akararama Kudeyar-jinda." Apo Kudeyar akasarudza zvivi otmolit uye vatendeuke, akaparadza navaranda vake pamusoro akasununguka chingwa.

References nemabasa mamwe vanyori

Ataman Kudeyar mufananidzo aripo kwete bedzi mabasa Nekrasov. Kutaurwa kuri muna Roman Kostomarov "Kudeyar" uyewo "wokupedzisira Rudo Kudeyar" akatsanangura Navrotsky.

In Kostomarov ari chigadzirwa ane panotaurwa ngano nezvekwakabva chimiro kubva muchato Vasily III rokutanga. Mudzimai wake mushure kurambana kwave akatuma wemamongi nokuda mbereko. Zvisinei, muna wemamongi achisununguka mwanakomana. Mukadzi anotumira kuti rwakavimbika vanhu pamuganhu Turkish, apo muchinda akabatwa. Papera chinguva, kuva mukuru, anotiza kune yechizvarigo yake, kwaakabereka gororo, ainzi Kudeyar.

Akataura chimiro uye mumabhuku eSoviet:

• Munyaya Kuprina "Grunia" akabata tichienzanisa protagonist babamukuru nenzira anozivikanwa mutungamiri.
• Nyaya Kudeyar Bakhrevskiĭ akanga zvinotsanangurwa basa rake "Pfuma jinda."
• Shiryaev anotaura jinda mu "Kudeyarova momuoki."
• Alexandrov anorondedzera mufananidzo mu "musasa Kudeyarova."
• Rogue vanotaurwa loop "Pelagia" munyori Akunin.

rwiyo Chaliapin

"Gilot makororo gumi, akararama Kudeyar-Ataman" - saka anotanga ndima yokutanga "The Legend Gumi nevaviri makororo" by Fodora Ivanovicha Shalyapina maererano inoshanda Nekrasov. Maererano nemamwe mabhuku, zvisikwa mimhanzi rwunoverengerwa kuti Nicholas Manykin-Nevstrueva.

"Kudeyar-Ataman" - rwiyo pamusoro tsotsi uye neshamwari dzake - anoitwa pamwe chete korasi kuti anoimba korasi pashure ndima imwe neimwe: "Ishe Mwari, ngatinamatei, mubereko yekare kuzomisa Naizvozvo Solovki mumongi akatiudza vakatendeseka Pitirim!".

chisikwa ichi, kunyange inobva chinyorwa pamusoro konekwa munhetembo Nekrasov "Ndiani Upenyu Zvakanaka muRussia", asi, akavapindurawo, ane chinokosha kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro kusiyana. Somuenzaniso, basa Nyanduri haana kutaura kuti Kudeyar uye Pitirim - iyi ndiyo imwe chete munhu, mukusiyana kuti mashoko.

Uyezve, mune ngano zhinji uye mashoko anoshanda Kudeyar rinorondedzerwa yorudzii omutsivi vanhu, izvo terminates upenyu gororo inova mupilgrim uye anogara nemimba uye akaramba akazvivanza mumasango, uye Kudeyar-jinda iri rwiyo anoenda chechechi kuti varipire zvitadzo zvavo.

Lyrics ane nzira dzakawanda uye vatambi. Vakawanda vakanzwa basa iri kuitwa Evgeniya Dyatlova. Nhasi ndiyo chikamu repertoire vazhinji varume choirs.

Kudeyarova ugari

Maererano nedzimwe ngano, aigara Ataman Kudeyar pamwe makororo ake pamahombekombe ari Seimas, anonzi Kudeyarova ugari. In muzvinambiri ichi aitaura Catherine II, uyo panguva iyoyo kuenda kumaodzanyemba kweRussia. Mune imwe yayo zororo rinomira haana kure kugarwa ichi Kudeyar akaba chendarama chigaro chinotakurwa ari Empress, vakauviga pakati pemiouki matatu.

No zvishoma zvinozivikanwa murwi kwaDhiyabhorosi, uyo vazhinji vanodana Shutova gomo, mumugwagwa kubva Kozelsk muna Lihvina. Iyi nzvimbo yaiva nzvimbo huru nokuti panzira iyi kazhinji akatora mapoka nhumbi, maiva chipfuro wakakwana nokuda chero mbavha.

Vazhinji vanodavira kuti pano yaiva Kudeyar pokugara akavaka kwaari mweya wakaipa. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti simba iri nhasi chinodzivirira yakavanzwa fuma gororo, uye usiku munzvimbo idzodzo pane mweya Lyubushi, mwanasikana jinda, uyo akatukwa uye mujeri naye baba idzi.

Black Yar

Kutaura zvazviri, tinoziva vazhinji Kudeyarova maguta Southern Russia. dunhu rimwe nerimwe rine nhoroondo yaro uye nenzvimbo pfuma zvakavigwa Kudeyar chematsotsi.

mukurumbira refu Black pomupata, riri munzvimbo Lipetsk mudunhu. Its runoratidza - ibwe avete pamusoro rimwe rinokwanisa kucheneruka ruvara, iro anonzi zvisaririra zvemhuka bhiza nejinda vakagamuchira ruvara ichi dzikasatsva nomoto.

Maererano ngano zhinji, zvakanga pano kuti yaiva Kudeyarova nhare. Maererano nengano, kuti Don Cossacks, vasingagutsikani kushatirwa Kudeyar uye makororo, vakatora zvombo pamusoro pavo. Vakati vasvika yemauto hazvaikwanisa uibate, saka kuti zvavakatemwa kumativi tsotso uye dzakaparira.

Ataman akavanza zvose chakapambwa uye akasiya bhiza rake kufarira somunhu murindi. Uye saka haina kukanganiswa nomoto, akatendeukira kwaari kuti ibwe.

Nokuti vakawanda vakararama panguva yake Ataman Kudeyar - akanganwa kare, asi kwete kare, ichi chaiva womungano, tinogona kutaura, Semi-ngano. Uye kunyange nhasi, kuyeuka kwayo ikagara mazita makomo, mumaguta, hova, uye zita pacharo Kudeyar kusonganirana kwakavanzika, simba zvinoshamisa.