Mudetembi Chirungu kubva mangwanani yeMiddle Ages kusvikira nhasi, kunyanya okugadzira zvinhu zvavo

Chirungu nhetembo akaberekwa pakutanga kwezana 12-13 emakore, zviri zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe mazita creators nokunyora mabhuku unyanzvi sezvo Dzheffri Choser, Robert Burns, Dzhon Kits, uye chokwadi, Uilyam Shekspir. Basa iri yokutanga mabhuku Genre muUK anonzi kuva nhetembo "Beowulf", anonzi namarudzi protagonist - the vakashinga majaya avo vakarwira nyika yavo kubva kunoparadza kurwisa zibukanana. Nhetembo zvakanyorwa mangwanani remakore rechi13 uye kuri zvakachengetwa muenzaniso wekare-Saxon mabhuku. Vanopfuura 10% of chinyorwa (kukura iyo, sezvinei, ndiyo 3182 pemitsara) zvakanyorwa pamusoro mutauro Chirungu okuberekwa.

Chirungu vadetembi - nayo mukufambisira mabhuku, achinyora mabasa muna Chirungu, zvisinei dzinza ravo, chitendero uye nzvimbo dzokugara. pfupi nzira Chirungu nhetembo chete ndivo vakadzidza muzvikoro Russian uye mumayunivhesiti. vechikoro Russian vanoziva chaizvo ndiye Uilyam Shekspir, asi hazvingaiti vanoziva mazita Dzhozefa Addisona, Metyu Arnolda, Robert Browning.

Muvambi Chirungu mabhuku seboka anoonekwa kuti muvambi "The weCanterbury Tales" Dzheffri Choser, uyo akararama muzana remakore rechi14. basa rake rinokosha akanyorwa Middle Chirungu, uye akasiya konekwa. "WeCanterbury Nyaya" vari dzakaunganidzwa nyaya pfupi yakanyorwa mundima uye prose chimiro (zvachose 22). All nyaya iri nokuda vechitendero vaifamba kuenda weCanterbury kunamata zvisaririra kutambudzirwa kutenda Thomas Becket (mu Russian shanduro Mutsvene kazhinji hunoratidzika Foma Kenterberiysky).

Medieval vanyori kucherechedzwa kwokukurukurirana mharidzo mabasa ake munyika. Saka, mumwe mabhii ari yakakurumbira Shakespeare hazvigoni kuvhiringidzwa mabhii nedzimwe vanyori, pasinei vakawanda shanduro mabasa ake mumitauro yokumwe. Vakawanda nyaya yakamutswa William Shakespeare, uyo akararama muzana remakore rechi16, mune ake matambudziko uye comedies, uye kuramba kushanda nhasi. Maererano nhetembo pakati Shakespeare akaisa kuwanda zvesimba uye filmed zvakawanda mafirimu munyika dzakawanda, mune kuziva munyori munyika.

Vaverengi vakawanda Russian vanoziva zita George Byron. nyanduri uyu Chirungu Romantic akava nomukurumbira pasi zita raIshe Byron. Byron mabasa aizivikanwa vokuRussia nokuda mushanduro dzavo yakawanda vadetembi of Silver Age. Yakakurumbira mabhuku ounyanzvi Ishe Byron vaiona "Le Corsaire", "Kaini," "Lara."

vadetembi zhinji Chirungu 16-19 emakore, akanyora mabasa ake ari tsinga kuti romanticism. Somuenzaniso, Dzhon Kits, uyo akafa muna 1821, akauya kunyika yakawanda wenhetembo uchidanana zvakagadzirwa. mabasa ake akazara mabhuku tsanangudzo ose mufaro woupenyu, kunaka yakapoteredza nyika waakashandisa. The inozivikanwa mabasa vanoonekwa Keats 'ode pamusoro hweGirisi Urn "uye" Endemion ".

Pakati creators nokunyora mabhuku Ndiwe nenzvimbo inokosha nzvimbo Chirungu vadetembi - Vakadzi: Elizabeth Browning, Jean Indzhelou, Sara Kolridzh, Emily Brontë. Ekupedzisira, sezvineiwo, yakakurumbira zvikuru Russian vatorwa admire kuti wokufananidzira uri sezvo nemunyori "Wuthering Heights" uye mabasa mazhinji akanyorwa mundima fomu.

Vanyori 19-20 emakore kubva kudanana manyorerwo, mabasa avo vari kunyanya kunyorwa mweya naturalism. In nyika yedu, yakanakisisa kuvazivisa ndivo Chirungu vadetembi remakore rechi20, Harry Graham, munyori "wokufananidzira upfumi", Kit Rayt, munyori "Parrot sajeni Smith" uye vamwe. tsvakurudzo yavo okusika akasiya chiratidzo kwete chete pane mapeji mumabhuku uye e-book, asiwo mumwoyo admirers mizhinji tarenda ravo. Modern Chirungu vadetembi vavo vamutangira, pasina mubvunzo, akasiya nhaka mupfumi tsika kuzvizvarwa yemberi vagari venyika uye vatorwa.