Mihail Afanasevich Bulgakov: zvinonakidza zvinhu nezvoupenyu, basa

Nhasi tiri kutaura pamusoro akadaro akakurumbira uye akakurumbira chaizvo nhasi, munyori Russian Mikhail Bulgakov. Interesting zvinhu kubva upenyu munyori, uyewo zvinoitwa basa rake, uye vamwe oupenyu musi achava ainyanya ino.

A vakasvimha Biography

upenyu Writer haana kusiyana dzose. Today Mikhail Bulgakov aigona kutarira sezvinoita mupemhi, asi kupfuma mangwana, mindlessly kupedza mari iri shamwari yakanaka.

Pane zvisizvo kuti Bulgakov akasarudza nzira munyori hwakanyatsorwisa vanonoka - chete kwemakore 30. Zvisinei, mashoko aya ari kure nechokwadi. Nyora munyori akatanga mangwanani chaizvo. Unonzi pamusoro tanga pamabasa ake "The Adventures pamusoro Svetlana", iro rakanyorwa makore 7. Ukuwo, kana pamusoro pezvatinotaura kunyora somunhu dzakazara basa, ipapo, Chokwadi, Bulgakov akasvika ichi pakarepo. Hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti pakutanga pavaiputsa Bulgakov yave chokuita nemishonga. Chokwadi, haana kusiya okurapa uye shure kwokubereka yakakurumbira munyori.

Bulgakov kudzidza Medical University muna 1916, pashure iyo kuparadzira akaenda Smolensk, kunzvimbo chiremba yemo. Akanga achiperekedzwa nomudzimai wake Tatiana. Pachishandiswa netsamba makore iwayo, munyori akanyora nhevedzano nyaya, "Notes chiremba wechiduku."

Asi kwete saka prosaic zvingaita sezvinoshamisa, aiva nzira yakanga Bulgakov. Interesting zvinhu kubva upenyu munyori, izvo ratinoparidza pazasi, kubvumira kuona izvi.

unyanzvi Features

Muna 1920 basa Bulgakov tora kutsoropodzwa kunaka chaizvo. Kunonyanya kukonzerwa ndechokuti munyori haana kutsigira pfungwa Soviet uye vakaimba hurumende itsva. Somuenzaniso, mutambo "Flight" haina kuisa pachikuva, sezvo vatsoropodzi akaritumidza Anti-Soviet.

Munyori yave vakazivisa pachena kuti chimurenga vanosarudza shanduka. Hazvishamisi Bulgakov House kakawanda kunzverwa ne NKVD, uye munyori anenge zvose hwake akatambudzwa.

Sale mweya

Akaratidza vamwe kufarira zvose zvemarudzi tiwane zvidzidzo zviri mungano uye mabhuku Bulgakov. Interesting zvinhu paupenyu munyori zvinosanganisira nguva apo iye ainakidzwa neOpera "Faust". Bulgakov akanga kanoverengeka ari kuita panguva Bolshoi Theater. mufananidzo gamba kunyanya aifarira muvambi Faust, uye vakarondedzera kutengeswa chinangwa kwomweya.

Nokukurumidza Bulgakov akamanikidzwa kubvuma zano Stalin kuti - kunyora achikudza mutambo wake. Pashure paizvozvo, Mr Mikhail akatanga kuzvienzanisa pamwe Faust - iye aifanira "tengesa mweya wake dhiabhori."

vasisina mutambi

Murume yaingowanikwa chaizvo akanga Bulgakov (dzinonakidza chokwadi zvipupurire ichi). Somuenzaniso, muna 1937 vamwe vanyori vaifanira kuzviisa pasi vanoverengeka Mitambo pamusoro raiyeukwa rufu A. S. Pushkina. Bulgakov aiva mumwe vanyori ivavo uye akapa mutambo wake, entitling nayo "Alexander Pushkin". Asi chii chaiva Chakashamisa nevateereri kana pachikuva uye haana kuzviratidza protagonist.

Bulgakov vakafunga kuti zvaizova shata uye vanhuwo kuratidza pachikuva mutambi, akapfeka zvokupfeka kumunyori mukuru Russian. Saka, munyori anoona zvisingagamuchirwi chitarisiko padariro "Pushkin".

upfumi

"Pfuma" Mihaila Bulgakova pakutanga, Chokwadi, chokuita yokufungidzira "The White Guard". Chokwadi kuti ndiye rondedzero zvikuru imba yenyu Kiev ari chigadzirwa, zvichiita rimwe pfungwa huru dzehurukuro chiito. Ndiyo imba magamba pfuma yakavanzwa. vaverengi vazhinji akarikunda sezvo chokwadi. Saka, nenguva isipi imba sezvariri namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara chidhinha chaipo. Panguva ino, Bulgakov dzaisava izvozvo, asi chokwadi uyu isakarurama panoonekwa varidzi itsva.

Zvisinei, pasinei nezvingaedzwa kuitwa, pfuma haana rawanikwa. Uye chete nheyo akasara mumba.

mudiwa

Hazvina kufanira, asi ndechokuti yokufungidzira "Tenzi Margarita" rwakanga rwakazvitsaurira kuna munyori anodiwa rokuNuremberg Elena Sergeevna, haasi munhu wose anoziva. Mukadzi uyu akanga ari wokupedzisira mwene Bulgakov. Panguva musangano, vose vane mhuri, saka ukama vakauya kwete mufaro chete, asiwo kutambura.

By kunyora Romana Bulgakov akatanga muna 1929, uye kwemakore akawanda asati akapiwa bhuku "Venediktov, kana risingakanganwiki zviitiko hwangu," A. Chayanov. The protagonists zvebhuku rino vaiva dhiabhorosi, uye mudzidzi pamwe anonziwo Bulgakov, uyo anomanikidzwa kundorwa nomuchinda rima mweya wake waaida. Nyaya inoguma pamwe vanoda akakura. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinosarudzwa ichi chaiva nhangaruvanze kuti kunyora "Tenzi Margarita."

Voland

"Tenzi Margarita" ndiro basa inozivikanwa kwazvo navose akanyorera Bulgakov. Biography, zvinonakidza zvinhu uye zvinoitwa okugadzira zvinhu saka runowanzotaurwa nezvarwo zvisikwa ichi. Panyaya iyi, mumwe haagoni kufuratira nhamba Woland. Bulgakov ave akakwereta nokuda Mephistopheles zita rake kubva detembo ne Goethe kuti "Faust." Saka Dhiyabhorosi aizviti, kana akabvunza mweya yakaipa akamurega kupfuura.

The rokutanga reShanduro "Tenzi Margarita" Inorondedzera yakatodzama Woland, vakatora mapeji 15. Zvisinei, bhuku rimwe Bulgakov akabvisa vanonyorwa ichi zvose kuda, uye panguva iyoyo chikamu chino yokufungidzira iri rinenge nezvokuvhiyiwa kuti kurasika.

Uyezve, mune dzimwe drafts, pamwe Woland nevakawanda zita Astaroth. Gare gare, zvisinei, Bulgakov akaramba zita, zvichida nokuti Astaroth akadana dhimoni simba, asi kwete mutongi gehena.

"Dog" Bulgakov

Nomukurumbira nganonyorwa "Mwoyo Dog" vanowanzochema kurapwa: Balls - iri hwezuva mumiririri lumpenproletariat, uyo, ane simba, anotanga kuparadza mhando kwavo. Zvisinei, pane zvishoma rinozivikanwa dudziro.

Saka, bhora (ari wechipiri Zita Chugunkin) - Stalin, sezvo vose vane "simbi" unonzi. Purofesa Kuchinja - Lenin, uyo kushandurwa yose nyika (kuwanikwa Professor rinofananidzwa ne shanduko zvematongerwo enyika). Dr. Bormental - Trotsky, sezvo nguva iri kunetsana ne bhora-Stalin. Shvonder - ndiwo ibwe, uye Zina - Zinoviev, etc ...

katsi Bhehemoti

Ichi chimwe hunhu anoshamisa, vakauya naye Bulgakov. Biography (dzinonakidza zvinhu uyewo) kunoratidza kuti Bhehemoti chakavapo munhu kumumvuri chaiyo.

Zvisinei, zvakanga zvisiri chinhu katsi uye kufarira dema imbwa Bulgakov raMwari ainzi Bhehemoti. Animal siyana pfungwa, uye munyori akanga akasunganidzwa nayo.

"Ivan Vasilievich"

Muna 1934 Mikhail Bulgakov akanyora inonyatsozivikanwa nhasi, mutambo "Ivan Vasilievich". Apo basa chete yakanyorwa, vazhinji vaitya kuti hazvisi kukumikidzwa nokuti simba kufanana Ivana Groznogo kuna Stalin.

Izvi zvakava chokwadi. Play vanoiona akaona chete muna 1973, apo nokuti filming akatora Leonid Gaidai. Mukuru vakaedza kuchengetedza nyaya yepakutanga, asi chinhu chaicho 30s remakore rechi20 rakanga kuchinjwa pamusoro 70. Zvisinei, firimu raiva dizzying kubudirira.

Bulgakov imba

Kana "Bulgakov HOUSE" - yakakurumbira Museum-yemitambo muMoscow, riri Bolshaya Sadovaya, imba nhamba 10. Pano, kubva 1921 kusvika 1924 munyori akararama.

The miziyamu rinoratidza chinhu pashoo kuna upenyu nebasa Bulgakov ndiro dzose. Mukuwedzera, akasiyana-siyana kuratidzira vakazvipira kuna munyori yaiitirwa miziyamu. Kazhinji ivo kunyange kutora nzvimbo kunze mufurati - chikuva pamatanho, zhizha chinjiri, chivanze.