Maindasitiri uye collectivization

The upfumi munyika yedu inoda imwe Kudzikamiswa, inogona kuenderera mberi uye nenguva kukura, zvisinei, waiva simba chete NEP negwaro. The Qualitative Danho okukura aigona kutanga chete mutsva maindasitiri kupora, kunyanya muchiuto bhora. NEP akapa zvose zvinobvira nzira kuita, asi vakanga vari kunetsana pamwe pfungwa rechiKomonisiti vanhu, izvo pakupedzisira kwaita pfungwa dzakadai kwemaindasitiri uye collectivization.

Maindasitiri muna USSR ane yakatangira December 1925 mushure XIV Congress of Party. Ngationgororei pfungwa iyi zvizere. Maindasitiri - ndiye paumbwe pamwero mukuru muchina firimu, iro inoendeswa sectors zvose upfumi basa. Kutaura zvazviri, ave chikuru rine mari kuti Kudzorerwa vakawanda ichi chiito aigona kuva chete musha. Maindasitiri uye collectivization pamwe vanomiririra nomazvo mutemo wenyika, apo rokutanga nechinangwa kuvandudza, asi yechipiri yakarurama chinyorwa rinoreva vasiri mune zvoupfumi kumanikidza kushanda kuti vanhuwo zvavo. Uye kunyange zvazvo paiva kunopindirana zvinoderedza zvokurima kugadzirwa akadai ehurumende zveminda vakanga kwazvo.

More zvikaoma yaiva yakaderera upfumi 1929-33., Zvaibva kuMadokero. The dambudziko kwamanikidza vokuEurope kutsvaka itsva chigadzirwa pamusika, uye Soviet Union yaiva nzvimbo kupfuura yakakodzera chete risingaperi zvemari kuita. Somugumisiro, panguva huru chokutambudzika kwemaindasitiri (1928 kusvika 1938). Nokuti zvitatu-mumativi ose midziyo vaitenga. Saka, maindasitiri uye collectivization vanonzi zvizere pamberi nyika enyika.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti mabikirwo yakanga kuzadziswa itsva kwemaindasitiri. The-Gore mashanu urongwa zvaibva kukura National upfumi USSR. Zvinonzi pamberi pakutanga hondo shanu wokurera zvirongwa zvakadaro. In nokure kukura National upfumi nzira zvose rakasikwa kwemubairo imwe mhando, Zvisinei, pamusoro chokwadi chawakaronga pakukura framework haisi rakatangwa. Nokuda nourongwa upfumi akakwanisa pfungwa pakarepo pamusoro kusimudzira inokosha sectors, zvakadai rinorema indasitiri, zvekufambisa, kudzivirira, simba uye vamwe. Nechekare mumakore okutanga Five-Year Plan kwemaindasitiri uye collectivization inobereka results: akavaka mafekitari anopfuura 1500 siyana. Mumakore wechipiri makore mashanu mari inosvika 4.5 zviuru. Saka, kusvikira thirties Soviet Union akava simba simba dzakabudirira kuti enforces makwikwi akabudirira inoti kuMadokero.

Maindasitiri wakamutsira zvizhinji zvakanaka zvinhu, pasingaverengwi mberi indasitiri: yakanga yakapedza kwemabasa munyika, vaiva vashandi zvikuru unyanzvi, kushingaira akagadzirira ouinjiniya mudonzvo akatanga mberi kune dzidzo pasi rose. Social horizons vakanga yekudyidzana zvawanda, uye vanhu vakatanga kuedza kuita basa rake. Asi zvose izvi yarova mumwe bhora - mumusha, yakanga kubhadhara zvose.

Collectivization akanga zvainanga kuchaitwa wacho upfumi, kuti chidzoke zvitsva munzanga upfumi. It anobvisa kushandiswa vakasununguka kugadzirwa zvigadzirwa, zvose akaenda mamiriro. Somugumisiro, kwaiva nedambudziko chebhodhin'i uye pokugara. Misa collectivization inotangira 1929. Kubva ichi nguva, vakaroorana mwedzi iri mumapurazi, varipo kare mamiriyoni 2,4 mhuri kuti vari kuuya, izvo zviri kupfuura mufananidzo past 12 fung mhembero. Sezvingatarisirwa, musha anogamuchira utsinye vatiitirewo mirairo dzakadaro, asi hurumende iri basa zvachose uye zvachose nokutumira Boka "Twenty-Five-Thousander". Kuri miviri tinozviona.

Achiumbwa uye purogiramu collectivization, rinotaura kumhanya zvoupfumi. Zvinokosha kucherechedza nechitarisiko weumwe yemakwikwi, kana vatungamiriri aiva nechido kunda purogiramu yake. Kuri zviyero akasungirirwa kuti kudzvinyirira hombe kurwisa. Zviri pano kuti pane kudikanwa ari pasipoti hurongwa, izvo otaura uye mamiriro; asi haina kufukidza varimi. Somugumisiro, vanorasikirwa zvakare imwe rusununguko, nokuti pasina pasipoti haagoni kufamba pose (vari kubatanidzwa imwe nzvimbo). Hazvina kuoma kuti zvokufungidzira uyo akanyadziswa zvakare uye kutukwa. Zvadaro, muna 1932, vakawanda nzara kunotanga.