Machining of metal parts

Kubudiswa kwechikamu inzira inopedza nguva, inosanganisira huwandu hwemhando dzakasiyana dzekugadzirisa. Semitemo, inotanga nekugadzirwa kwekombiji yekambani uye yekuitwa kwekudhirowa. Izvi zvinyorwa zvine zvese zvinodiwa zvekuita kwechikamu chacho. Machining inzvimbo yakakosha, kusanganisira nhamba yakawanda yemabasa akasiyana. Ngationgororei pamusoro pezvo.

Material

Zvichienderana nechikamu chinodikanwa, zvinhu zvesimbi zvakasarudzwa zvakare. Pamusoro pekugadziriswa kwayo, chigadzirwa chakapedzwa chinowanikwa. Mune mamwe mazwi, zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvakagadzirwa basa. Inogona kuva yemhando dzakasiyana-siyana: kutsika, kuumba, kupenya, cermet. Rudzi rwega roga rune chinhu rwakasiyana nenzira iyo inoitwa. Kana kusungirirwa kunoshandiswa, somuenzaniso, kuisa nyundo kunoshandiswa mukudhindiswa kwemadiki, ipapo masimbi ehuni anowedzerwa mumapumburu pamusana pekumanikidzwa kwema100-600 MPa kubudisa simbi-ceramic.

Kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakapoteredza uye dzakagadziriswa

Nzvimbo dzakasvibirira dzinoshandiswa nekukanda, kupera, kudhonza. Kazhinji, mahwendefa akadaro anosanganisira mapepa esimbi nemakwenzi.

Urongwa hunoitwa pamitambo yepamberi nemichina. Apo kushandiswa pane yekutanga, shanho huru inogadzirwa nemucheri, uye mhepo yekufambisa inoitwa nemuchina wemashini. Pamuchina wokuchera - zvakasiyana ndezvechokwadi. Mukuwedzera, kushandiswa kwakadaro kunofungidzirwa kusina kubereka, nokuti kunonyanya kuderedza kucheka. Chishandiso chekushanda chinorasikirwa nenguva yakawanda yekudzosa idling. Kubatsirwa kwekugadzirisa kwakadaro ndiko kururamisa uye kurongeka zvakananga.

Milling

Imwe yenzira dzakanakisisa zvikuru dzekugadzirisa zvose zvigadziriswe uye zvigadzirisheni ndeyekuchera . Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti iyo inoitwa pamwe chete nemazino akawanda emagetsi. Iko kushandiswa kunogona kuitwa nenzira yakafanana, yakafanana, inofananidzwa-yakafanana uye inoramba ichitsika. Iyo inenge iine roughness Rz = 0.8-0.63 μm inogona kushandiswa nekukanda uye kurapwa uku kuchanzi kunonda.

Stretching

Nenzira iyi, zvikamu zvinoshandiswa muhukuru uye hukuru hwekugadzira. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kudhonza kunogona kushandiswa nekukuya uye chiselling. Izvi zvigadzirwa zvakanyanyisa chaizvo. Kutarisa kunogona kuitwa zvose muchitsigiro chechimiro uye mumutungamiri wakarurama. Izvi zvinoshandiswa kumabasa zvinosanganisira kuwedzera kwakarurama, uye chigadzirwa chekucheka chinoshanda pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu ezvakawanda zvakadai sekumanikidzika, kupfugama, kutambanudza.

Semuenzaniso, kutambanudza kunoshandiswa kana kushandiswa mabhuni mune zvombo zvekubhururuka, nekucheka michina nemitsara. Mabheji anoshandiswa sechinhu chokucheka, zvose zvakasimba uye zvakagadzirwa. Izvo zvakagadzirwa ne-high-speed and medium-alloy tool steels.

Machining yemakomba nemakumbo

Mechanical machining yezvikamu haigone kuita kunze kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvinoshandiswa se drills, countersinks, taps, sweeps. Kuti kuve nehomwe yemazana akadikanwa, kuverenga kwehurumende yekucheka kwegadziriro iyi inosungirwa. Sezvo mutemo, gomba rakakonzererwa kune chidimbu chakadikanwa, uchifunga nezvekubhadharwa kwekugadziriswa kwakatevera. Kuti ave nechokwadi chekanakisisa zvakakwana, reamer inoshandiswa, uye nokuda kwekugadzirwa kwemajeri kunokwanisika kushandisa countersink.

Mechanical machining of parts inogonawo kuitwa nepombi. Iri shanduro yakagadzirirwa kusungirirwa mumakomba aripo. Kune matepi mapofu uye nemakomba. Kutema tsvimbo yekunze iko kushandisa vatambi uye vanofa. Usati washandisa iwo, zvakakosha kuti tibatanidze basa. Kuti tive nehupamhi-yepamusoro uye inobudirira nzira yekugadzira chigadziro, chikwata chiri kumagumo kwechigadzirwa chinobviswa kusati kwatanga kushanda. Inofanira kuva nehupamhi hwakafanana nehuwandu hweputi.

Muchiitiko chisingawanzoitiki, kushandiswa kwesimbi nhengo uye kugadzirisa kunoitwa uchishandisa misoro. Ivo vakanamatirwa mu shank ne shank. Iyo inogona kuva nemakwenzi akaoma, anokonzera kana akapoteredza. Haabatanidzi tambo yakasungirirwa mumutsara wakatarisa, nokuti pamagumo ezvo zvinopararira mumutambo wekutengesa.

Mechanical processing yesimbi pamichina nemiganhu inodzidziswa mumakoroji akawanda nemayunivhesiti. Iyo yakasarudzwa ine code 36-01-54 uye inoparidzirwa kune zvakananga: mhepo yekuchera, iyo inoshandiswa, iyo grinder, mutongi welocksmith nemashandi emabasa, mutengi wezvimwe zvinotenderera (AL) uye mitsara inotenderera. Sezvo teknolojia yemazuva ano isingamiri, zvinokosha zvikuru kudzidza mishonga inoshandiswa yezvigadzirwa pamashini eCCC uye pane AL.

Imidziyo yakadaro inobatsira zvikuru basa revashandi. Basa ravo guru nderokugadzirisa, kugadzirisa uye kutakura-kununura zvikamu uye mavara. Zvose zvinoshandiswa mumigwagwa zvinowanikwa pamwe nekubatsirwa kwepurogiramu dzakakonzerwa nekombiyuta uye zvisingatsvaki kupindira kwevashandi. Kushandiswa kweAA kunoita kuti zvibvirire kuderedza zvikuru mari yekugadzirisa uye nguva yekugadzira zvikamu.