Language uye vanhu - sei ukama uyu saka zvakakosha emunhu

kuranga kwakadaro dzinonakidza sezvo sociolinguistics, achangobva akatanga kukura kuzviita. Iye ari kubatana nemamwe mapazi philology. Somuenzaniso, mutauro uye zvemutauro Society anobata vari pasi anoranga dzakawanda: psycholinguistics uye ethnolinguistics. Sociolinguistics chinotarisa correlations pakati kwevanhu matauriro uye nzanga.

Saka, anogona kuva mukati merimwe izvi zvinhu vanoonekwa Ukama? Nerazyvno mutauro uye vanhu zvinesungano. Tinowanzofunga kutaura pamusoro matauriro uye nzanga kana pasina, asi chaizvoizvo ndiwo mafungiro simba. Society pachena zvinogona kuvapo pasina mutauro, sezvinoratidzwa Somuenzaniso, kumujuru vakawanda, nyuchi, tsoko. Zvisinei, zvinopesana neizvi chakajairika haina kuchengetwa. Language uye nzanga nokuda mumwe: zviri pachena kuti wokutanga hahugoni kuvapo pasina chechipiri. Uye matangiro kutaura uye mutauro siyana, pane zvakasiyana-siyana dzidziso, mazhinji haana dzafumurwa nguva uye havana kuwana uchapupu nesayenzi. Ava zvechitendero yokuti kana dzidziso mezhdometnyh. Zvimwe zvinokosha kudzidza zvinetso "mutauro uye nzanga" ndiwo magariro stratification kutaura, mutauro mitemo, bilingualism, nokushanda kwenhengo mitauro munharaunda, mutauro nadzurudzo.

Somuenzaniso, dzichipfekeka kutaura zvekunyanyisa. Kusarudza imwe nzira yokuratidza pfungwa dzavo uye manzwiro anokonzerwa munzanga uye mamiriro ezvinhu yokukurukurirana. Achitaura machinda, tichikumbira nesangano, tinotarisirwa kushandisa mukuru-bhizimisi Style umo zvose mapurani zvinogoneka objectified uye depersonalized, izvo haabvumirwi emotive nemashoko uye colloquialisms. Kana tikaedza kufadza musoro chete manyorerwo, yatiri kunyora, muti, mameseji musikana, hongu, kana kunyange chete "kuti iwe", hazvingaiti nemabasa edu acharamba kuva pasi poutungamiriri hwake.
Kana tinonyora kushanda, chikumbiro, gwaro kana pfupiso mundima, zvakanaka nyaya muchavaseka isu, uye gwaro iri kurambwa uye haangazvidembi kutorwa, nekuti "saka kunyora hazvitombobvumidzwi." Saka, mamiriro ezvinhu kukurukurirana kunokonzera kusarudzwa zvimwe kwomutauro mari. Mukuwedzera, mutauro uye vanhu vane zvimwe correlations uye nemazvo chikonzero, uye nokuda kwemadzinza, uye miganhu. Kana sociolect (nokuti Somuenzaniso, jargon vasungwa kana argot programmers) tanga zvose mashoko imwe munzanga kana nyanzvi boka revanhu funga, dialectology zvidzidzo mubvunzo kubva pfungwa nemaonero miganhu kurambidzwa.

In mutauro wokuRussia mune kuchamhembe, kumaodzanyemba tumitauro, tumitauro ari Urals. Mune mimwe mitauro, pane adverbs, dzimwe nguva yakasiyana chaizvo "mutauro chaiko". Ethnolinguistics inoona mutauro uye nzanga tichitarisa kusiyana kwemadzinza. Zviri nzvimbo iyi wemitauro inotaura nezvinetso "kudyidzana" uye conjugated nemibvunzo yake. Somuenzaniso, mudzimu "pidgins" kana Creole adverbs kunobva kugaya huru madzinza mutauro rimwe boka iri "Yokudzidza" uye kunaka chimiro.

Rinotaurawo zvinetso ethnolinguistics uye basa mutauro munharaunda, iyo inozivikanwa ne National heterogeneity. Panguva yose kuramba ndichibvunza vaiitawo dzemadzinza zvikuru inoshingaira kusikwa Inter-dzemadzinza mhuri newanano tinozviona, uye dambudziko bilingualism. nyika dzokuEurope dziri kuedza panguva hurumende pamwero kutsigira kusiyana mitauro, Inter Alia, kusimudzira mashoma uye pangozi mitauro. Somuenzaniso, wokuPoland, tinogona kudzidza uye kutora bvunzo sezvo matriculation mutauro Kashubian, izvozvo rinobudisa mabhuku uye periodicals. MuGermany, kutsigira kudzidza Upper mutauro Sorbian muSpain - Catalan.

Zvakanakisa, mutauro mutemo pamusoro inoti uye yeshamwari (eg European Union) rinofanira kubva pachinangwa mashoko nyanzvi dzemitauro pakubata nezvinetso "mutauro uye nzanga", ndipo apo zvinogona unbiased uye democratic. Mienzaniso kokumanikidza zvitupa, tsika nhoroondo chitupa yakazara. Izvi kumanikidza nokuiswa mutauro wokuRussia, somuenzaniso, muPoland muna czarist nguva, uye yokuGermany - panguva Second World War. Chero Kurambidzwa kushandiswa mai parurimi ndiyo ratidziro rakasimba kubva vakawanda, iyo pakupedzisira inotungamirira evanhu nenyonganyonga, kumukira, vachipidigura hurumende. Panguva iyoyowo vakasununguka pave National tsika, iyo inofambirana nenyaya norurimi, kunosimbisa hweruzhinji uye Kudzikamiswa.