Engine K20A: Features uye wongororo

Injini ye K20A ino mazuva mana-cylinder maviri-litre mu-line petrooline injini, inogadzirwa na Honda Motor Co. Ltd. Iyo motokari yemhando iyi yakaiswa mune zvakawanda zvemazuva ano zveMoto motokari. Panguva ino, injini iyi ndiyo yakanyanya kukwirira uye yakakwana ye "seri" ye "brand" yechiratidzo.

Injini K20A: tsanangudzo

Sezvazvakanga zvatoziviswa, chikwata chacho chakaiswa mumotokari uye pamberi-gumbo motokari. Kuenzanisa kwehuwandu hwemhuri iyi injini yakasiyana kubva pamuenzaniso kuenda kune muenzaniso. Iko inonzi 2.0 litita, nhamba yemagetsi ndeye 16. Simba rinoenderana nemotokari, yakagadzirirwa kuisa injini. Iyo "yakapetwa" version inowedzera 150 malita. Na., Izvo zvakaita mutezo wekutyaira nekushingaira-220 litita. With. Iyo yakanyanya torque haisi kuchinja uye inosvika kubva pa179 Nm kusvika 206 Nm.

Izvo zvinonzi zvakareba zvinosvika pane zvakasiyana-siyana: kubva 4000 rpm kusvika 7000 rpm. E-eleksi-yakasara 8500 rpm - iyo yakareba inokurumidza, iyo inogona kushanda injini mbiri-kine K20A. Icho chigadzirwa chehutano chechikwata ichi chinoonekwa seicho chakakwana pakati pevakwikwidzi.

Nzvimbo

"Ndeipi iyo injini yenhamba K20A?" - Vafambisi vakawanda vanobvunza mubvunzo uyu. Ichokwadi ndechokuti kuwana iyi nhamba haisi nyore. Zvakakosha kuva neruzivo. Semuenzaniso, kuitira kuti unzwisise kuti nhamba ye injini chii K20A, unofanirwa kutarisa kune gomba mu grille, mushure maro ndiko kuvhara bhotet.

Mushure mezvo, ne-flashlight, zvakakosha kujekesa chikamu chejjini chinenge chiri pakati pemusoro we-cylinder uye radiator grille, uye kutarisa nepakadzika mukati memabhedha anenge ane angle ye 45 degrees. Kana iwe usingaoni nhamba yakakosha injini, unofanirwa kuonana nekambani yebasa rinobvumirwa nemubvunzo wakakodzera.

Injini K20A: device

Urongwa hwe injini inofanirana nemuviri wemotokari inotenderera, mutsara wechina-cylinder urongwa hunoshandiswa. Zvirungiridzo zvinoverengerwa kuitira kuti chekutanga chazvo chiri pa pulley ya crankshaft. Kuparadzanisa shafts, nenzira, kune mavari maviri, ari pamusoro. Kuchengetedza kwemvura kunoshandiswa.

Yese injini yekeri ye K20A inosungirirwa nehutano hunochinja hutsika yeVTC uye kukwirira kwekusimudza kweV valve VTEC. Izvo zveVTEC system, zvakare, inogona kushandiswa kune zvose shafts uye chete nokuda kweimba. Iyi parameter ndiyo musiyano mukuru pakati pejini K20A neK20A6.

Bvha rejikisi uye cylinder musoro

Iyo cylinder block yakakonzerwa kubva kune aluminium alloy using GDC teknolojia. Kuti kuwedzere kusagadzikana kwekamuri huru, mazai makuru anovharwa nechezasi yevhavha yepamusoro, iyo yakagadzirirwa kuvharo ine 24 mabhuti. Nekukonzera mukati mekuvharidzira, mitsara inoshandiswa inoshandiswa, iyo inoshandiswa mvura inoyerera. Nekugadzirisa pistoni, kubhururuka uye kubatanidza tsvimbo, pamwe nekupa mafuta kune mazai emafuta, nzira yose yemigwagwa yakakosha inoshandiswa inoshandiswa. Pamberi penhare yacho yakagadzirwa nechitima chepamusoro kuitira kuti itokwanisa kupa mafuta kune cylinder musoro.

Musoro we-cylinder unokandwa kubva kune aluminium alloy. Iyo nguva yekugadzirisa inobva pamakameraft maviri (DOHC). Inofamba, kamshafts inotungamirirwa neketani yakabatanidzwa nejinga. Muchirindira kunewo mubhedha wemakamshafts. Iyo yakagadzirirwa nemaoko ematombo ayo ari chikamu cheVTEC system. Injini inoshandisa zvinhu zvitsva zvemazuva ano, izvo zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kuderedza uwandu hwezvitubu uye zvichida kuti zvisizvo zvisizvo zvichamuka.

Crankshaft uye camshafts

Iyo yakagadziriswa yakagadzirwa nesimbi uye yakatarisana nhatu. Nekushandisa kwebhokisi rekuenzanisa shafts, zviyero zvitanhatu zvakagadzirirwa pane ganda. Kana bhokisi rekuenzanisa shafts risipo, zvingoshandiswa chete zvishandiswa zvina. Mafuta kune ganda rakagadzirwa nechinangwa chinokosha, icho chinoitwa kubva kune rumwe rutivi rwebato guru remakona. Pamusoro pemagetsi ekugadzira injini, magasi ekugadzirisa nguva uye mafuta epombi inotengesa magasi aripo.

Ikamera imwe neimwe inogutsa basa rayo: imwe yei inotungidza mavhavha, uye imwe - magetsi ekudzima. Kugadziriswa kwemagetsi ejini K20A uye kubvumirwa mumotokari yavo inoitwa nekugadzirisa kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa. Ikamera rimwe nerimwe rine zvitsigiro zvishanu. Nekugadzirisa makamera nemitsipa nejini injini, inotanga kudyiwa kune dombo remhepo yeVTEC system, ndokubva ienda mumigwagwa yakakosha yemafuta, iyo iri pa camshaft mune yechipiri inotsigira mutsipa. Kugadziriswa kwemazuva ekuvhara mavhiri pamagetsi ekutora kunowanzoitika uye zvinowanikwa uchishandisa VTC system.

Timing Chain uye Drive Chain Tensioner

Nguva yekugadzirisa iri mumhando iyi yejini inotungamirirwa nekutenderera kweketani. Ikoko kune mhirizhonga inoshandiswa, iyo inoshandisa kuburikidza nemafuta emagetsi uye inongorongedza kukanganisa kwechinyakare. Kuti udzivise kusakosha kusingadikanwi kweketani, pane zvakagadziriswa, izvo zvinoiswa kubva kumusoro uye kubva kune rumwe rutivi. Kuti kuderedze huwandu hwekurira panguva yekushanda kwekugadzirisa nguva, danho remaketani yekutya rakaderedzwa.

Kupisa uye kugadzirisa system

Injini ye K20A yakasungirirwa nevharidziro-yakaita mvura inonaya kupisa system. Kupararira kwemvura inotonhorera kunomanikidzwa. Bhandi, iyo inoshumira kuendesa makamuri akaputika, inotakurawo motokari yepombi inotonhorera yepombi. Iyo thermostat ine gumbo rinoputika, yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza kupisa kwakakwana kwehutano hwekugadzirisa, iri muhotera yeiyo inotonhora. Ichi chigadzirisa chinogadzira denderedzwa, duku kana kuti chikuru, rega mvura yacho inotonhorera pasi kuburikidza neharairator.

Mafuta anoshandiswa kugadzirisa injini inopfuura kuburikidza nekuyerera kwakakwana kuchenesa uye inowanikwa pasi pekumanikidzwa kwemasimba ekufambisa uye injini. Pombi yefuta ye trochoid inoshandiswa. Pakati mukati pomupombi iwoyo maviri rotors - anotungamira uye anotungamirirwa, kubatana kwavo - mukati. Uye ivo vanotenderera mune imwe nzira. Iyo pombi inotenderedzwa neketani kubva kune ganda. Iyo firiji yemafuta iri pasi pasi munzvimbo yakakosha. Iyo inonwisa mafuta, iyo iri pakati pefuta yefuta neyendarira, inoshandisa kuderedza mafuta ekupisa, ayo anodyiwa mukati mejini injini yekugadzira.

Injini yejozi mujena K20A injini: chigadzirwa uye hunhu

Iyo inopisa mafuta inoshandiswa mune injini iyi ndiyo PGM-FI (kana kuti PGI-Programmed Fuel Injection), iyo inobvumira mutevedzeri wemagetsi akawanda.

Iko yakaiswa mafuta mafuta anoronga inoita kuti zvikwanise kudzora kushandiswa kwemafuta kunodyidzwa kuburikidza nefaira chaiyo kune zvose injectors vachishandisa pombi. Kuita kuti zvigadziriswe mafuta, kuchengetedza nzvimbo nekuvandudza kuvimbika kwemajeri ekuisira injini uye kushanda kwayo, mafiritsi akanaka uye akaoma mafuta, senjere yokuratidza huwandu hwehuni, uye mafuta epombi rinodzora ari muhofisi yemaputi yeimba.

Kubva pauchapupu hwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, sangano rinodzora rinotarisa huwandu hwekusanganiswa kunodiwa mujojo, kuumbwa kwesanganiswa uye nguva yekudzivirira. Maererano nekuverenga kwe sensor ye oxygen uye sensor inogadzirwa, iyo yakagadziriswa pamberi pekugadzirisa mumagetsi ekudzima, sangano rinodzora rinogona kugadzirisa zvinyorwa zvakasiyana zvemafuta / air mix. Mukuwedzera, iyo inotara kuwanda kwemafuta anopiwa kuInjini ye K20A purogiramu, uye inoita izvi mune zvinotevera:

1. Pane chisarudzo chekuti iite mafuta epirisi.
2. Tsanangudzo yenzira iyo motokari inotanga inotanga. Nokuda kweiyo mamiriro, nzvimbo iyo accelerator pedal iripo inoverengwa. Inomhanyi yemotokari uye nguva inowirirana nayo iyo yakagadziriswa inogadziriswa nekuverenga zviratidzo zve sensor.
3. Akutanga kuverenga kwehuwandu hwemafuta injected inotanga, zvichienderana nehuwandu hunotenderedzwa nechinokambaira uye pane kuverengwa kwakapiwa nemhepo yakakwana yezvinokonzera kushandiswa mukati mekudya zvakasiyana-siyana. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yakanakisisa yehupfumi yemarongerwo emiganhu inowanikwa paunenge uchityaira nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana.
4. Iko rinodzora rinowanzoverenga zvinoshandiswa kuti ma sensor anopa: nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzemagetsi, kushandiswa kwemazuva emhepo, kutonhora kunotonhorera, mhepo yakasimba yezvinokonzera, yerojijeni, hutano hwomusanganiswa, bateri voltage, kuvhura kwe electropneumatic valve muchirongwa chekudzokorora. Kubva pane zvidzidzo izvi, kugadziriswa kunoitwa kuwandu hwemafuta.
5. Chiito chokuvhara - chirongwa chekupa chinopa chiratidzo chekuti mafuta akawanda anofanira kupiwa sei kurongwa.

Kuti uwedzere hupfumi, iva nechokwadi chekutsva kwakakwana kwemafuta uye kuti uwedzere kuputira iyo uchishandisa nhubu dzakakosha, idzo mabhuku 8-9.

Simba rinotarisa rinodzidza mashoko kubva kumakamuri ekusimudza kamuft uye sensor crankshaft kuti asarudze kuti ndeipi yemakirinda inofanirwa kudyisa musanganiswa panguva iyo, uyewo nguva yekujowa.

Simba rekushandisa rinosungirirwa nekuchengetedza kwekuchengetedza basa. Izvi zvinokubvumira kuti udzimise hurumende inogadziriswa pamusana apo iyo yakagadziriswa inotenderera pane imwe nguva inopfuura kupfuura yakagamuchirwa. Somugumisiro wekuita kwakadaro, injini inowira.

Diagnostics

Zvakakosha kuziva uye chirongwa chekuongorora, chakakonzerwa ne injini yeK20A. Unhu uye basa rinosanganisira zvinhu zvinotevera:

1. I-electronic control unit (ECU) yakagadzirwa ne-built-in self-diagnosis system iyo inoramba ichicherechedza nyika yenjini pazviratidzo zvemasere akasiyana-siyana. Kana zviitiko zvisingabatsiri, chirongwa chacho chinochizivisa uye chinozivisa mutyairi kuburikidza nekugadzirisa Check Engine injini pajecha rekushandisa. Muchiitiko ichi, inoenderana nekodhi yekutsvaga ye ISO 15031-6 yakakwana uye nhamba dzomugadziri dzinonyorwa zvakananga kumurangariro wekombiyuta.
2. Kuti uverenge zviratidzo zvekutsvaga, unoda kubatanidza scanner chaiyo kuDLC connector. Iko kune mikana yekubvisa mazano uye kuverenga Freeze Frame data ne scanner. Inonzi connector yekuongororwa inogadzirwa maererano nehuwandu hweSAE, uye pini Nhamba 7 inogadzirwa maererano neIndaneti yepamarudzi ose. Izvi zvinotsigira kushandiswa kwemashoko paK-LINE.
3. Paunonyora zvizhinji zvemashoko, imwe shanduro inoshandiswa inosanganisira zvikamu zviviri. Iyo inoshandiswa nenzira yakadaro iyo pakutanga kuratidzwa kwekushaya simba, kodhi yayo inochengetwa kwekanguva mumakombiyuta memurangariro. Kana kukanganisa uku kuchiitika zvakare munguva inotevera yekushanda, ipapo Check Engine chiratidzo chinoshandiswa. Testing Driving Test No. 2 inoitwa nenzira imwe chete uye ine imwe chete yemotokari mode, asi mutemo unosungirwa ndewekuti pakati pemakwikwi inofanirwa kubvisa kupisa.
4. Kana kukanganisa kusati kwamboitika, mamiriro ezvinhu ayo anowanikwa anochengetwa muchiyeuchidzo chemakombiyuta (Freeze Frame).

Sangano rekushandisa mweya uye kuwedzerwa kwemhepo

Nzvimbo yakawanda yakawanda yakaiswa pa injini yeK20A iri pamberi, iri pakati pe radiator nemusoro wemhepo. Kudzidza - pachinopesana, kumashure, pedo nenzvimbo yejini injini chikamu.

Kuiswa kwemweya wepamusoro kumakutu kunoshandiswa uchishandisa nzira yakasiyana. Fuel inorowa mu injini inopinda nepakati yekubatanidza nemhepo inopa mvura, iyo inobatsira mafuta kuti asvike zvakanaka uye kugadzirira mafuta anonyanya kushandiswa. Neizvi, zvimwe zvinopisa uye zvinopisa zvinogona kuwanikwa, kunyange kana musanganiswa wapera. Mugumisiro wezviito izvi kuderedzwa kwehuwandu hwehydrocarboni mumagesi ekudzima uye kuita kuti kutanga kwejinjini risina kupera. Mubazi rebazi rehutori hwehutori kune vheji inokosha inodzora mhepo inopa. Nhamba yemusuo wayo inotungamirirwa zvichienderana nekushanduka kwehuwandu hweparafini, iyo, zvakare, inofanirwa nekushisa kwemvura inoshandiswa kugadzirisa.

Ita uye inopedza zvipembenene zvakasiyana-siyana, kupera kwayo

Mhando yakawanda inobatwa inogadzirwa nealuminium alloy uye inokwanisa kugadzirirwa ne geometry change system. Iyo yakawanda yekuneta inogadzirwa nesimbi, iyo inoshanda kuderedza kukosha kwayo.

Mumitambo ye Honda motokari kune valve yakasungirwa mukati me muffler. Iyo inoshandiswa kuderedza kushandiswa kutsanangurira apo kupedza gasi kunosunungurwa. Ivhavha inovhurwa nemhepo, iyo inowanikwa nepamhanho yekutenderera kweganda. Muchiitiko ichi, magasi anoneta anobva mucheri asina kumira.

Kusarudza mafuta

Zvichida, muridzi wemotokari wese anofarira nyaya yeirimu inoshanduka. Ndinofanira kutsvaga mafuta epi? Injini ye K20A inopindura zvakanakisisa kune iyo yakagadzirwa nemagetsi.

Sezvo injini dzemhuri yeK dzave dzichiuya, zvinokosha kuziva kuti huwandu hwemafuta hunokodzera kushandiswa huri kuderedzwa. Muzhinji, kufanana nemupi wegadziri, "Honda" anorayira kudira mafuta ekugadzirwa kwayo. Zviratidzo zvemafuta okuzadzwa zvinoenderana nehutambo hwekushisa apo motokari inoshandiswa. Asi kana pasina kukwanisa kuzadza mafuta efektri, vamwe vatenzi vemotokari vanokurudzira michina yeMitasu kana Zeppro Idemitsu seimwe nzira yakanaka.

Kana pane kugogodza pane injini yeK20A injini, hapana chikonzero chekuzeza kuonana nekambani yebasa kana nzvimbo inoshandiswa yepamusoro yepamusoro. Dambudziko rinowanzoitika pane zvakasarudzwa mukusarudzwa kwemafuta, uyewo mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kukodzera ejini.

Maonero evaridzi vemotokari

Kutenda kuitika kwekuti Honda injini dzinozivikanwa nekuvimbika kwavo nekushanda kwepamusoro, motokari pachavo dzakagamuchirwa zvikuru pakati pemarudzi akasiyana-siyana uye mapoka evanhu pasi rose.

Kana iyo inoshandisa mukana wekambani, ipapo unogona kutenga Honda Stream. Injini ye K20A, iyo inongororwa inonyanya kukosha, inongova "moyo" wemotokari iyi. Izvo zvinosimba uye maitiro ekushanda kwechiratidzo ichi chakaita kuti ive imwe yemakumbo emakumbo emhuri pasi rose. Izvo zvakakwana kuti mhuri dziende kune imwe pikiniki, pakushanyira uye chero rwendo rurefu.

Imwe motokari inoshamisa yemhuri ine simba rakakwirira inoshandisa injini imwechete - Honda Steppagon. K20A inobvumira kunyange minivhani yakakura uye ine simba kuti tive nechivimbo kugara mumugwagwa uye kupa zvinopikisana nevashori.

Kana munhu anofarira motokari ari munhu wechidiki uye ane chido, kana achingofarira kukurumidza uye kutyaira kuendesairaira, ipapo Honda Integra kana Honda Civic neinozivikanwa Rudzi R rwuri nyore kwavari.Izi motokari dzakakurumbira kuburikidza nekuvimbika kwavo, kuwedzera kuoma kwemuviri uye kugadzikana kwakasimba. Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemasimba kunokonzerwa nekuiswa kwe 220-horsepower K20A.

Sezvo simba uye yakavimbika injini inoshandiswa motokari hwomutambarakede kure kufamba - "Honda Maererano" ane nyanzvi mumitambo hunhu uye siginicha Euro-R. In configuration iyi motokari anogona mhanyisa kuti kuhwina "mazana" mumasekonzi asingasviki masere!

Uyezve, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti injini "Honda" K20A - chinhu chikuru mukana yokuwedzera inogona chero pamberi nemavhiri motokari. Pari, iye kufarira chishandiswa kuisa mune motokari Vaz chegumi mhuri. Kakawanda, muridzi weimwe wechipfuwo motokari kutenga chibvumirano K20A injini uye dzishandise parutivi kuchinja fastening maitiro uye achichinja pasi hwokugadzira zvinodiwa motokari yako.