The ngano - zvishoma detembo satire umo allegorically akasekwa akatsoropodza vamwe uipi munzanga. The muvambi Genre anoonekwa kuti muGiriki muranda Aesop. Ndiye, vasingakwanise nemhaka omurume nzvimbo yavo kuratidza zvakananga pamberi vose vatadzi, zvaizova zvinodikanwa, uye akauya ari rakafukidzwa fomu kuratidza mafungiro avo kune vamwe vanhu, nezvavanoita, unhu husina. Aesop tsika akaramba mudetembi French La Fontaine, vokuMoldova - Dmitry uye kuAndiyoki Cantemir. In mabhuku Russian, isu yakatanga navo uye akamutswa kuti itsva yakakwirira A. P. Sumarokov, uye I. A. Krylov.
panobva yepakutanga nyaya
ngano yake "The Wolf neGwayana" Krylov akanyora pebindu, yakagadzirwa Aesop. Nenzira iyi, iye creatively reworked vanopfuura inozivikanwa nyaya paakasika pasi yaro hwaro chairoiro, nevamwe chigadzirwa. Munyaya Aesop iri sezvinotevera: gwayana kunwa mvura kubva murwizi. It akaona Bere vakasarudza kudya. Heano chete pokumuwanira akaedza kusarudza zvakakodzera. Pakutanga, mucheche mhumhi richizvidzwa kuti muddied mvura - haugoni kunwa! Gwayana kupembedzwa ndechokuti haawanzotauri wets miromo yake, uye riri pazasi bumhi aibuda. Ipapo chikara achipomerwa desecrating nemuvengi waro - Bere - baba. Asi gwayana uye ipapo akawana kuti mhinduro kwayo, uye haana, pazera aisagona kuzviita. Mhumhi kuneta kudhonza kunge undere. Akati pachena: chii kuti imi deftly anoruramiswa - kudya zvose zvakafanana! Moral nyaya chakajeka: pasinei iwe achiedza kuratidza ake mhosva, nani iwe kuzviita, shoma mukana kuhwina. Chokwadi, kana mupikisi wenyu asarudza kutapwa kwako pachine. Kunaka Aesop haasi rworukundo uye vakakundwa.
Ipfungwa Krylov
Nhetembo "Bere negwayana" Krylov akasikwa 1808, zvakanga yakabudiswa "Journal of Drama." Akatanga zvaakanyora pakarepo netsika, ndiko vatiwo kuti vaverengi vanofanira kuuya kumagumo rudo acho: .. "The simba nguva dzose simba kupomera ...". Chisingafaniri padzakavakirwa ake "Bere negwayana," Krylov inobva dzakaitika maonero, kusimbisa kuti pane nheyo "rima mienzaniso." Asi anotevera mitsetse Haabvumirani akati kwayo chete chirimwa: "... hatikunyorerei nyaya." Zvakaratidza kuti ngano - nokuratidzwa wacho mhosva. A vakawanda vaibvuma zvinodavirwa muchitendero chete kwakadaro chaizvo nyaya pano uye rukasimbiswa.
unyanzvi zvinhu
ngano Krylov kuti "The Wolf neGwayana" - ibasa yakakura. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa Somuenzaniso, muna vakadaro akadzama: yemunyori nzvimbo iri kuronda zvakajeka kubva kutanga ngano. Asi pachinzvimbo zvakananga "Ini" anoshandisa generalized Krylov "isu." Rubvumo yokuzviparadzanisa runoita kuti chinoreva richienda chinangwa. Kazhinji, zvose detembo iri chaizvo sezvazviri tichitaura kutendeseka. Wolf - ichi chikara, gwayana - musimboti yechibayiro. The ukama pakati pavo, anowanzoramba vevaya izvo zviripo zvakasikwa zvakatipoteredza. Zvisinei, mhumhi iri disingenuous. Achazova kuuraya akuvara wake "pamutemo", kureva. E. To vadzvinyirire mutemo. Saka pane vavariro evanhu ukama ngano "Bere negwayana." Krylov tsika mabasa anoratidza, achiratidza mutengo wechokwadi ari kutaura uye zviito chikara. Panongotanga Bere akaratidza unyengeri hwake, achifumura kupfeka kukarukureta, iye akakwevera gwayana kuna mapere. Upenyu musoro, kunyange kwakavakirwa zvakasimba, asi kwakanaka mitemo ine - ndechimwe chinhu. Uye unzenza uye nhema chokwadi - zviri zvakasiyana. Zvino criticizes unzenza yacho fabulist kukuru.
Heino anoreva zvakadzama yakavanzwa iri nyore, tinoziva kuti kubva kubasa chikoro!