Kupatsanura hove: hwaro taxonomy uye mienzaniso

Hove dziri zvinoshamisa vagari mvura nyika. Uyu ndiwo mumwe kupfuura uye kupfuura siyana mapoka ezvipfuwo. Zvinoita zviri mamiriro, kupatsanura uye maitiro hove, akaisa ayo hwaro, ichakurukurwa munyaya yedu.

Superclass Pisces: mukuru unhu

Ndosaka chivimbo vanhu enzanisa nawo mhuka idzi. Taura nezvazvo: "Ndinonzwa sokuti hove mumvura." Uye zvirokwazvo, nehove vane STRUCTURAL zvinhu vakwanise mukudzidzire ezvinhu ichi. Izvi zvinosanganisira streamlined muviri chimiro, kuvapo zvimbi namakwande, madzihwa-vapfumi ganda uye Gill afemeruke.

Zvinokosha kupatsanura

mhuka idzi hwemvura inokwanisa dzikarongwa maererano siyana zvinodiwa. Chokutanga, hove kunoonekwa sechinhu kupatsanura pakati STRUCTURAL zvinhu. Zvichienderana ichi kirasi anokudzwa pakati shwashwa uye mapfupa. Vamiririri ekupedzisira vane zvakawanda yepamusoro zviri marongerwo uye simba. Naizvozvo, mukati ichi hurongwa kubatana achiri govera wandei dzakabatana.

Maererano munda kushandiswa anokudzwa zvishongo uye chikafu hove. murume wokutanga akaberekwa ari aquariums uye madziva ave decoration chishongo. Izvi Angelfish, Catfish, neon, guppies, neminzwa yaro, uye vamwe vakawanda. Commercial hove murume akaberekwa rinodyiwa nevanhu. It vagara nyama yavo uye mazai vari kufarira delicacy, uye mafuta - inokosha zvinodhaka.

Pane nezvakatipoteredza kupatsanura hove. It inorangarira mamiriro ezvinhu enyika dzinogarisana. Kungava emhando dzakasiyana miviri mvura: yakachena, munyanza kana gungwa.

Akabata guru hove uye ...

Kupatsanura nehove ezvokutengeserana inorangarira uyewo saizi. Kubva ichi chinhu kunoenderana nzira kubatwa kwaizotevera kuchengetera mbishi zvinhu. By nouremu kutsaura diki, svikiro uye hove huru. Mumwe nemumwe mapoka aya ine zvinokosha unhu. Somuenzaniso, sprats akasiyana rakaisvonaka kunaka uye vari zvinowanzoshandiswa zvokudya maindasitiri, pasinei chaizvo duku kukura.

Nokuti hove vezvokutengeserana gastronomic ehupfumi vari kunyanya kukosha. Saka, vari kusiyaniswa uwandu mafuta. Somuenzaniso, cod, hake navaga uye ichi chinoratidza hazvirevi kupfuudza 4%. kwazvakaita vanoonekwa kuti kuderedzwa mafuta kana dzakaondoroka. The chepamusorosoro mwero pamusana vakafunga sprat, mackerel, herring, saury, Sturgeon uye stellate Sturgeon. Dzavo chinoumba mafuta yekudyidzana akapfuudza pachiyero 8%.

The chinhu Research akashandisa pfungwa "rudzi" uye "mhuri." Fish, hove kupatsanura pakutsvaga zvokutengeserana nemiitiro kazhinji yakavakirwa nechitarisiko zviratidzo. Somuenzaniso, herring mhuri inobatanidza, umo muviri laterally compressed uye chikero anowira zvakasununguka. hove vakadaro kunyimwa lateral mutsetse. Vane chete dorsal zenze uye muswe ane nevamwe notch. Mhuri iyi zvinosanganisira herring, sprat, sprat, sprats.

Anatomical kupatsanura hove: tafura

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kana rakakamurwa makirasi ehove kufungwa chete zvaidiwa marangwanda mamiriro. Asi ichi hachisi chokwadi. Basics anatomical kupatsanura anopiwa ari patafura.

dzinogarisana

Kupatsanura pakati nzvimbo hove uyewo rinorondedzera mapoka akawanda. Chokutanga zvomumvura vagari. It seflounder, herring, halibut, mackerel, cod. Freshwater hove dziri kabhu, Sturgeon, kabhu, muramba, kabhu. Vanopedza upenyu hwavo hwose vari dzinogarisana pane zviri kukonzera yavo. Anokosha vemapoka aya kunobva zvakatipoteredza salinity. Saka, kana hove zvomumvura tama mumvura yakachena, vanokurumidza kufa.

nehove dzinotama

hove dzinogarisana kupatsanura uye mararamiro rinosanganisira rimwe boka rinonzi Globe. Chinosanganisira vamiririri superclass kuti kurarama mugungwa asi kuita kuti pave nemvura yakachena kuenda. Sturgeon ichi uye Sarimoni. hove anadromous yakadaro inonzi anadromous. Asi eels panguva zviri kukonzera vari kufamba negwara - kubva paRwizi kusvikira kugungwa. Ava hwokufananidzira vamiririri hove catadromous.

Nokuita nzira iyi yakaoma, famba-kuburikidza vamiririri havachavimbi yakawanda simba. Vanofanira kuita uori, kukurira Mangondo, nemapopoma. nguva yose iyi havadyi, uye vanoshandisa yayo kuchengeterwa mafuta uye zvinovaka muviri. Naizvozvo, nehove dzakawanda dzinotama kushambira panzvimbo kubereka, kuita kuti pave uye kufa. A zvachose yokugara shure kare juveniles. Zviri achiri chakavanzika sei hove kuwana nzira dzavo kumba. Vamwe vanokwanisa kuita kuti pave kanoverengeka hwavo hwose. Panguva zviri kukonzera vakawanda nehove kwokunze metamorphoses. Somuenzaniso, imwe Sarimoni munokura mumwe ano kumusana kwake, curved shaya.

Nokudaro, kupatsanura nehove yakavakirwa maitiro akawanda. Izvi zvimwe zvaiitwa marangwanda uye munyika chivako, saizi, mafuta kugutsikana, dzinogarisana, mararamiro, kukura kwebasa kushandiswa.