Leary chidobi - tsananguro uye dudziro

Interpersonal chirwere chidobi yakazokudziridzwa muna 1954 ne American wepfungwa Timoti Liri (1920-1996), co-authored pamwe G. uye R. Leforzhem Sazekom, uye muna 1957 akabudisa monograph ake The Interpersonal chirwere unhu. Sezvineiwo, muedzo uyu achiri kushingaira kushandiswa US zvakavanzika mabasa. Nevakawanda akakurumbira pakati vanachiremba, nokuda kwayo compactness uye anodzidzisa, uyewo anoshandisa nzira Leary.

Description uye chinangwa unyanzvi

The bvunzo chinoongorora cherudo munhu nezvake. Muchiitiko chino, zvinogona kushandiswa kuongorora submissions somunhu chaiye "Ini", uye yakanaka. It rinogona kushandiswa kuongorora zvimwe, kana uchida kuziva chiratidzo kana mumwe chete mukuona mumwe. The chirwere kwacho iri dzinounzwa chikuru mhando ukama wacho vamwe. Ava zviviri zvinokosha kuti kuona interpersonal ukama:

1) kutonga - pasi;

2) ushamwari - sehasha.

Zvinhu ava M. Mathewson chikuru zvechadenga interpersonal maitiro. Naivowo chokuita namasanhu maviri kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro differential Ch Osgood, aimbodzidza mupfungwa variables nechirwere pamwero (semuenzaniso, hot-chando, simba-simba, et unto.) Aine wakaiswa nhamba muzvipoka mumwe nomumwe wavo.

Schematic kumiririrwa zvinhu

Nokuti schematic cherudo chikuru munzanga wezwi ari munhu nzira Diagnostics ose interpersonal ukama Leary inosanganisira schematic Mufananidzo: denderedzwa akakamurwa 8 sectors - octants. The mashoko ndiwo Madzishe maviri (unoenderana zvinokonzera kuti interpersonal ukama pamusoro apa): "kutonga - kuzviisa pasi" uye "ushamwari - ruvengo". Muchiitiko chino, Leary akataura kuti ukama pakati variables izvi, akasimba ari pedyo migumisiro respondent panyaya nepakati denderedzwa. Vose zvibodzwa chimwe chete zviito, iyo anosarudza kuti nzira nechirwere pakati interpersonal ukama Leary, anoshandura ive indekisi ukuwo rave akabatana. Daro yakawanikwa pakati zviratidzo uye nechepakati denderedzwa inorondedzera anochinjika pakati interpersonal maitiro.

The Qualitative zvechadenga yasarudzwa sectors (octants), izvo anosarudza kuti nzira interpersonal T. Leary, zvinogona achimiririrwa sezvinotevera:

I. A mutungamiriri akanaka, chipangamazano uye chipangamazano.

II. Zvimwe mhando akazvimirira uye aikwikwidza.

III. Tingava, yakananga, kuramba kwavo kubudirira.

IV. Chokwadi, nonconformist, panogumira zvavakarayira.

V. Nomwero nyara, nokuzvidira kuzadzisa womumwe basa.

VI. Kubatsirwa uye kuvimba nevamwe.

VII. Noushamwari, kuvavarira kuti pamwe.

VIII. Tsitsi uye anokwanisa kubatsira vamwe.

Nzira uye kubudiswa zvabuda

Leary Method 128 inosanganisira ukoshi kutonga, mumwe nomumwe 8 mhando ukama izvo 16 pfungwa dziri aumba. zvinhu izvi zvakarongwa kuitira kuti vachikwira zvikuru. Kana nzira iri muronga kuitira kuti zvainyanya zvainanga kuona mamwe ukama vanosarudzirwa neimwe nzira: kwete anotevedzana, uye mapoka mana nechimwe mutongo, vachidzokorora kuburikidza akaenzana nhamba kwokutonga.

Leary chidobi, zvainanga interpersonal ukama, angaperekedzwa nezvemarudzi maviri mirayiridzo. Muzana rokutanga, vakabvunzurudzwa vanokumbirwa kuti nyatsoverenga uye kuyera nezvakatongwa kuti munguva mupfungwa zvechadenga munhu uye ukama nevamwe vanhu. Kana, ari respondent maonero, kutongwa zvinoenderana yaro yokuti pacharo, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa "+" ayo chiratidzo, kana hazvina - chiratidzo "-".

In kechipiri musiyano wezvinyorwa kudzidziswa Leary unyanzvi kunosanganisira dzinoongorora kwete chete chaiye "Ini", asi wavawo yakanaka. Muenzaniso: "Kuongorora chaihwo wako" I ", tapota verenga zvose zvamakatonga zvakare cherechedza munhu" + "ndivo kuti zvienderane pfungwa yako sei uchida kuona pachako yakanaka." Muchiitiko chino, unogona zvino kuona padanho musiyano pakati chaiye uye yakanaka wacho zvaanonzwisisa pamusoro pachavo. Assessment neukama nevamwe zvinogona mumatauriro mirayiridzo, iyo inopa nzira Leary. Muenzaniso: "Kana kana rokutanga, nhoroondo, ndapota unhu navo zvenyu (bhasi, mwenga, mwana, etc ...)." Naizvozvo zvinogoneka rokuongorora negadziriro chiratidzo chimwe munhu nerimwe.

Leary kugadzira chidobi kunosanganisira matanho akawanda. Pakutanga, nhamba pfungwa nokuda nechimwe yasarudzwa 8 mhando interpersonal ukama (anomanikidza, udyire, hasha, kufungira, pasi, dependencies, ushamwari, altruistic).

Chinotevera ndechokuti kuziva zvakaoma mhando. The kunonyanyisa zvibodzwa nerimwe mhando yakati sandara, iyo kunosanganisira nzira Leary pamusoro interpersonal ukama, kungava 16 points, izvo, akavapindurawo, akakamurwa 4 nekuomarara ukama:

• kubva 0 kusvika 4 pfungwa: yakaderera nekuomarara (adaptive maitiro) ;
• kubvira 5 kusvika 8 pfungwa: mwero nekuomarara (uyewo adaptive maitiro);
• kubva 9 kusvika 12 pfungwa: High nekuomarara (hwakanyanya maitiro);
• 13 kusvika 16 pfungwa: kukurusa kuratidza ukuru (zvikuru zvokurwara maitiro).

The wechitatu kugadzira Danho, unosanganisira mashoko nzira nechirwere interpersonal T. Leary, rinomiririra Kutsunga parameters kuti chikuru vectors maviri: kutonga - ushamwari. Masvomhu dzinoitwa kushandisa anotevera Masvomhu:

Kutonga = (IV) + 0,7 X (VIII + II - IV - VI).

Ushamwari = (VII - III) +0,7 X (VIII - II - IV + VI).

Pakupedzisira, sezvo kwokupedzisira pavaipfuura nzira kunosanganisira Leary Qualitative pachisara kuitwa nokuenzanisa discogram zvakavakwa pachishandiswa ari vakagamuchirazve mumwe respondent Data mumwe nomumwe. Zvinogonekawo kuvaka youtsinye Profile of interpersonal ukama neimwe boka. The optimum ndiko kushandiswa remibvunzo munyika zvikoro yechipiri. Uyezve, kungava anoratidza kudzidza longitudinal (somuenzaniso, mukati yechinangwa boka), mukana izvo zvinopa nzira diagnosing interpersonal T. Leary.

Dudziro huru zviratidzi ari ukama riri kuitwa 8 mhando:

I. The anomanikidza mhando ukama

13 kusvika 16 points. Nyorai rakasimba unhu, anozivikanwa okumanikidza, okudzvinyirira hunhu. Iye anoda kuti atungamirire ose zveboka. Kuvimba chete pachavo pfungwa, iye haadi kuteerera zano vamwe, panguva iyoyowo, nguva dzose rinokurudzira vose. The yakapoteredza, uyewo, sarudza kucherechedza authoritativeness pedyo kupiwa munhu.

Kubva 9 kusvika 12 points. Ndiwo maitiro kuti akasimba hune unhu, inoda kuremekedza. Hazvina vabudirire mubhizimisi, ane simba, anofarira kupa zano vamwe.

Kubva 0 kusvika 8 points. Uyewo ine rinozvivimba munhu, nokuti vakanga kupfuurira uye kutsungirira inozivikanwa. Uyezve, munhu uyu haafaniri kuva mutungamiri.

II. Udyire mhando ukama

13 kusvika 16 points. Independent, vanozvikudza uye narcissistic unhu mhando. Pakuverenga, zvaanoda kungochinja matambudziko nevamwe. Kudivi rimwe, rinotsvaka hwokukurira vamwe, pane dzimwe - akaramba kure navo zvishoma. Uyewo siyana kuzvikudza uye nokuzvikudza.

Kubva 0 kusvika 12 points. Kune udyire unhu uye pfungwa akazvifukidza. Kunoita kukwikwidzana.

III. Hasha mhando ukama

13 kusvika 16 points. Maitiro kune vamwe yakaoma uye nehasha. Ruvengo muganhu pamusoro dzakashata.

Kubva 9 kusvika 12 points. Hwokuratidza frankness, directness uye achirayira noruremekedzo vamwe. Rwechisikirwo, kutsamwa - ndinowanzogumbukira kupomera vamwe kumativi; chibhende unopinza.

Kubva 0 kusvika 8 points. Simba uye Kuramba mhando, inozivikanwa kusimba uye kusindimara.

IV. Kunyumwa mhando ukama

13 kusvika 16 points. Nyorai kufungira uye kusava nepfundepfunde munhu, kuti kupokana zvose. Nyanya, kazhinji anonyunyuta vamwe. It rinotsvaga dissociate roga kubva kunze kwenyika, achifunga izvozvo noruvengo uye akatsamwa. Dai kuitika munguva iri schizoid mhando hunhu (Leary unyanzvi mune iyi inogona vaisanganisa bvunzo MMPI).

Kubva 9 kusvika 12 points. Closed pachivande mhando. Nokuda nokufungirana uye kuramba kutya zvakaipa kubatwa anogona matambudziko interpersonal ukama. Chokwadi, mwoyo vamwe; mafungiro kune vamwe kungaratidzwa kutaura kurwisa.

Kubva 0 kusvika 8 points. Anoratidza sei criticality pachinhu vamwe, uye pachinhu ose mananara mumagariro chokwadi.

V. kuteerera mhando ukama

13 kusvika 16 points. Kurerekera kubvumira vamwe; vaine zvokuita, passivity uye simba kuda. angavawo pane kuzvinzwira Kuderedzwa kwakadini uye mukuzvitonga, rinoti pachake mhosva. Anoisa pachake okupedzisira nzvimbo. Kutsvaka rubatsiro munhu akasimba kumupfuura.

Kubva 9 kusvika 12 points. Ichi unhu mhando chakasiyana unyoro uye kunyara; nyore kupinda kuvhiringidzika. Dai pasi rakasimba unhu, kwete kufungisisa dzakananga ezvinhu ezvinhu.

Kubva 0 kusvika 8 points. Hunhu ateerere, vainyara uye nomwero unhu. No pachake zvakasiyana pfungwa, zviri anoteererwa nyore zvokungoti hapana zvokuzviita kuita mabasa avo. Manzwiro anoda ikadziviswa.

VI. Muyanzvi mhando ukama

13 kusvika 16 points. Very novimba vamwe vanhu mafungiro. The nedoro iri mhando nokuda kwayo kamwe kushaya chivimbo mavari uye pachavo mano avo. Kuitirwa kufunganya uye nyanyisa kutya munhu, kunyange nyaya duku.

Kubva 9 kusvika 12 points. Hwokuratidza usingabatsiri uye nekusagona kuratidza kuramba vamwe, pachokwadi vachifunga kuti vari nguva dzose zvakarurama. Anoteerera uye kutya.

Kubva 0 kusvika 8 points. Ndichivimba uye conformal mhando. Vachida kuvimba nevamwe uye vanoyemura navo. Hazvina nyoro uye ruremekedzo.

VII. Friendly mhando ukama

Kubva 9 kusvika 16 points. Izvi mhando dzakasiyana wezwi kune evanhu kubvuma uye kufarirwa, anoedza kuva zvose zvakanaka, kwete kufungisisa mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Kune vamwe noushamwari uye nomutsa. Pakati mupomerwi zvigadziriswe vakawanda udzvanyiriri uye kudzvinyirira. Dzinoratidzwa mupfungwa lability. Hysteroid zvinogoneka mhando hunhu (zvingadarowo kushandisa wokuwedzera bvunzo MMPI).

Kubva 0 kusvika 8 points. Usazviomesera mukubata matambudziko ezvinhu. Kukonana chaitwa kuti pamwe uye vabvume. Mukuziva kuratidza zvinodiwa, sezvo ruchigona kusvika chibvumirano nevamwe. Ko pasi magungano, zvinoenderana nemitemo yakanaka kuravira. Danho, achida kubatsira vamwe. Uyewo yakasiyana chido kuva pakati nzeve, kuti kuzivikanwa uye rudo nevamwe. Sociable uye ushamwari.

VIII. Altruistic mhando ukama

Kubva 9 kusvika 16 points. Dzinoratidzwa chakakomba giperotvetstvennostyu uye basa vamwe - kazhinji chokumbotsamwa. Vakagadzirira kubatsira vamwe pakukuvadza zvivanakire. Panguva iyoyo avanotarisira kungava kunyanyisa basa uye kunyange madiro. Zvisinei, mune zvimwe zviitiko, maitiro ichi rinogonawo sechibereko chifukidzo. Muchiitiko ichi tiri pakubata nevakomana mhando ukama.

Kubva 0 kusvika 8 points. Hworudzi urwu mamirire kurasira uye tsitsi. Iye ndiye pachinhu vamwe vanhu, kuvaratidza tsitsi uye tsitsi. Soft, akatunhidzwa uye kuchenjerera.

kududzira zvabuda

Nzira nechirwere interpersonal T. Leary zvinoratidza zvikuru akasiyana zvezvinotaurwa mashoko nokuda kudzidza wacho respondent. Kana bvunzo kwakaitwa mune rimwe boka chimiro, nevatsvakurudzi, sezvo kare ambotaurwa, anokwanisa kuenzanisa migumisiro yoga vanhu vane boka Profiles uyewo mumwe. Kana kududzira migumisiro zvakakosha pfungwa kwete Mhedziso tsika uye simba kuita mumwe mhando pamusoro mumwe. Zvinokoshawo kufunga kana pane asina mafungire vabereki vakananga mwana wavo urema (unyanzvi "PARIS" Leary).

Kana uri kuongororwa se "Ini" chaidzo, uye "Ini" pamusoro yakanaka, ndozvakajairwa havafaniri Misiyano pakati pavo. Uyewo, kana pane mwero pamwero kusiyana, izvozvo kunoratidza mukana dzokuzvikoshesa kuvandudzwa, izvo, chokwadi, inoratidza nzira Leary. Dudziro migumisiro remibvunzo kwakaratidza kuti vakawanda kusagutsikana kwese kuti vanhu vane kusanyatsozviremekedza pamwero (izvo anoenderana chechi5, 6th uye 7th octants), kana kuti vanhu vachingotya kuramba tichishanda kunetsana (chaienzanirana 4th octant).

Kana respondent iri kwakacherechedzwa panguva kuwanda wa1 uye 5th octants, inoratidza kuvapo matambudziko ake authoritarianism uye kukuvadzwa nokuzviremekedza; 2 nd it uye 6 ndipo - pane kupokana pakati nechido kuzvimirira uye kudiwa zvinoenderana (somuenzaniso, kana nokuda kudiwa nomumwe anofanira kuteerera, pasinei kwayo womukati ratidziro). Kurwisana 3rd uye 7th octants kunetsana kunoitika apo motifs kutaura uye chavanopinda; 4th uye 8th - wakaratidzwa kudzvinyirira zvemunhu mukupesana vamwe kuti kuzivikanwa kwavo (kuda kuzivikanwa neboka uye panguva imwe chete kunzwa mukupesana izvozvo).