Kongiri arambe achirema: howa arambe achirema kukarukureta

The arambe achirema of kongiri - ndeimwe zvinokosha zvatariswa zvinhu izvi, inova simba zvikuru marongerwo. It rakanakira zvakawanda, asi pane drawback, runoratidzwa chinokosha uremu. With Nyanzvi idzi akaisa kumusoro dariro zvakagadzirwa uye kuvakwa. Pakanzi Izvi zvakakodzera kufunga kongiri uye disassembly, mu muitiro dismantling.

In tsika, chesamende rave richishandiswa nevakawanda kwete indasitiri, asiwo private kuvakwa. Gadzira musanganiswa kunogona vakazvimiririra sezvo armature uye kubatana kushandisa chaiyo waya kuti wezvamatongerwe yanyatsosimba kongiri marongerwo. Zvinoguma Zvinokosha zvakaisvonaka uye akasimba nepurani.

The chikuru mhando nekongiri

The arambe achirema of kongiri zvinogona dzaisiyana, kuti zvichakanganisa pamusoro Zvinoumba mumushonga. Nepo uremu kunobva arambe achirema. Classified yanyatsosimba chaizvo pamusoro hunhu ichi, zvakakodzera govera, pakati vamwe:

• orema;
• rinorema;
• lightweight;
• lightweight kongiri.

The arambe achirema of kongiri mumutsetse wokutanga ndeyevanyori 2500 makirogiramu / m ^3, inova anoyevedza ukoshi. In wehurumende engineering, nekongiri mhando iyi yaishandiswa. The Formulations anogona ane zvinotevera placeholders:

• magnetite;
• limonite;
• barite.

kongiri arambe achirema

At rinorema kongiri arambe achirema iri zvishoma yakaderera, ndiyo 2,200 makirogiramu / m ^3. zvakawanda dzose mavhu, akapwanyika ibwe zvinhu pakati zvinhu zvakadaro, uye nezvimwewo. The arambe achirema pamusoro kongiri achava kunyange yakaderera kana iri lightweight kongiri. Izvi inorema kongiri kuti simbi chisimbiso uye kuburikidza-ndege. Panyaya iyi parameter kufarira achava 1800 makirogiramu / m ^3.

The arambe achirema pamusoro lightweight kongiri

Lightweight concretes vane arambe achirema makirogiramu 500 / m ^3. marongero ichi kwese akavandudza nevhu, cellular, perlite uye polystyrene kongiri. Izvi zvinhu kunosimudzirwa chisimbiso. Avhareji arambe achirema nekongiri hakubvi chete pamusoro murwiyo asiwo nzira kuraswa. Kana achiri mvura musanganiswa iri nekuumbanidzwa kushandisa vibratory michina, kuti arambe achirema inowedzerawo kubudikidza 100 makirogiramu / m ^3.

kukarukureta kuti arambe achirema

The arambe achirema of kongiri, marudzi zvange zvataurwa pamusoro apa, zvingaita ngatitsunge kana kuti hwaro, nhamba yokupedza vari vamapoka vakawanda. nemvura inofanira risingabatanidzwi kukarukureta, riri kare 28 Mazuva sasana zvachose kubva mumitsetse. Izvi achawana chaiyo kukosha arambe achirema yacho monolith.

Dzimwe nguva vavaki vanoshandisa avhareji data, kana tichiziva kuti mugiredhi kongiri. Somuenzaniso, nokuti kugiredhi M-200 achizosiyana kuti arambe achirema iri kuwanda 2385 kusvika 2400 makirogiramu / m ^3, asi kuti mhando M-250 ukoshi ichi dzinosiyana 2390 kusvika 2405 makirogiramu / m ^3. Nokuti mavanga M-300, M-350 uye M-400 arambe achirema uchava zvinobva 2400 kusvika 2415; kubva 2405 kusvika 2420 uye kubvira 2410 kusvika 2430 makirogiramu / m ^3, ukuwo.

Kana uchida kuva dzakananga arambe achirema nekongiri, unofanira kuziva kuti uri uremu ane cubic mita hakuchinji uye chisimbiso zano. Hazvina chete nhamba tsvimbo, asi chikamu kwavo. Kurongwa izvi kubvumira kuti kutsanangura imwe womukati vhoriyamu maigara chisimbiso. zvino unogona kutakura kubuda vakawanda Masvomhu. Zvichienderana chii chinangwa uye chimiro kongiri, zvinogona kushandiswa dzakasiyana dhayamita tsvimbo. Panyaya placement kwavo, vanogona kuva riri pane imwe kure nomumwe.

Kuti tizive arambe achirema pamusoro zvakasimbisa kongiri, chaiyo yakarurama hachisi zvakakodzera, saka uwandu chisimbiso inogona kutorwa tentatively. Saka, kugadzirwa nekongiri nezvemakwara uye pavings aiwanzoshandiswa 8-mm chisimbiso pajira riya saizi 200 mm. Mune imwe mativi mita mashoko ngauitwe kuti 16 M pematanda, uye kana arambe achirema kwakaita sesimbi kusvika 7850 makirogiramu / m ^3, armature gobvu achava akaenzana 6.3 makirogiramu.

Kana totaura chinjikira matanda ane rutsigiro Slabs uye nheyo, asi armature dhayamita kazhinji zvichisiyana 12 kusvika 16 mm. Sero Kukura iri yakaderera kusvika 180 mm uye zvinonyatsorehwa kureba anoramba kuzochinja. Panyaya iyi, iyo armature vakawanda muganhu uwandu 14 kusvika 25.2 makirogiramu. Nokuti cantilever matanda uye Slabs armature dhayamita riri pakati 16 uye 18 neMM, ichi ichokwadi kana sero saizi akaenzana 130 mm. The zvachose Kureba armature 1 mamita ³ nekongiri achava 49 m, umo kana chisimbiso gobvu achizosiyana kubva 77,3 kusvika 97,8 makirogiramu.

The arambe achirema of zvokuwedzera zvakagadzirwa

Hazvina kunaka kufunga zvakare pfungwa kutwasuka masvingo neshongwe. Panyaya iyi, iyo dhayamita ari armature zvinogona wakaenzana nomuganhu 14 kusvika 18 mm apo huwandu masero ari 130 mm. The Kureba inoramba yakafanana, asi uremu yaizova akaenzana panogumira 59,2 kusvika 97,8 makirogiramu.

Kana mangoti munoziva kuwanda Fittings uye densities zvinogona tsunga kurema imwe cubic mita nekongiri. Kubva kuutio chinorondedzerwa nenzira avhareji vhoriyamu, iyo anobata simbi tsvimbo. Pakupedzisira, bhuku kongiri inotengwa, ipapo nhamba vowanda pamusoro kuwanda mumwe zvokunyama uye izvi zvinoguma vakawedzera.

Kukarukureta kuti arambe achirema muenzaniso bhandi yanyatsosimba kongiri hwaro

kongiri Density (makirogiramu / m3) inogona dzaona nomuenzaniso tepi nechigadziko iyo chakagadzirwa nekongiri giredhi M-300. Muchiitiko chino, taishandisa 16mm tsvimbo. Pakutanga Danho vhoriyamu maigara armature ari cubic mita zvinhu. Kuti aite izvi, kushandisa inotevera kukarukureta: π · r2 · L = 3,14 · (0,008) 2 = 0.003 · 16 mamita ^3.

Saka, mambure anotora kongiri 0,997 mamita ^3. Kuverenga kurema muedzo tsvimbo vanofanira kuchawanda tsika 0,003h7850, pakupedzisira kuwana 23.6 makirogiramu, ukuwo vazhinji chesamende inofanira dzaona kuburikidza vachiwanda 0,997h2400. Masvomhu kubvumira kuti tinzwisise kuti mukanyiwa nekongiri ndiyo 2392,8 makirogiramu. Kamwe tsika dziri muchidimbu, mumwe anogona kuwana kongiri arambe achirema, Masvomhu izvi vachatarira sezvinotevera: 23.6 + 2392.8 = 2416 KG / m ³ .These manipulations anoteererwa panguva padariro akaitwa chivakwa nheyo mitoro.

Information pamusoro arambe achirema of kongiri

Akazadzisa kongiri uye kongiri arambe achirema anofanira kuzivisa vavaki. Kana mutengo rokutanga akarondedzerwa zvakadzama kumusoro, achiri wechipiri vanofanira kutaura. Mukuru chakarurama kuti kongiri basa iri kwomusikirwo zvakafanana uye compression, uyewo simba. nokurondedzerwa izvi waidzora arambe achirema, inova muviri indekisi pakutsvaga kupatsanura uremu kubudikidza vhoriyamu.

The kuvakwa Zvakajairika kushandisa avhareji kukosha parameter ichi, nokuti zvinokonzerwa siyana zvinhu, ramakagadzwa:

• nouwandu of filler;
• pamusoro filler mhando;
• sezvamunoita mvura;
• ukuru zviyo jecha.

huru mhando nekongiri Density

Zvichakadaro arambe achirema rinoshandiswa Pakusarudza unhu uye neeSultan vaiona, umo mashoko acho rakakamurwa 4 marudzi. Somuenzaniso, inorema concretes vane arambe achirema pamusoro 2500 makirogiramu / m ^3. sezvamunoita Izvi ndimubvise fillers, simbi mhangura, simbi chinyorwa, magnesite, uye haana kushandiswa pakuvaka mabasa zvetsika urongwa. Uyu mukuru arambe achirema kunodikanwa kuchengetedzwa, saka kongiri ichi kushandiswa pakuvaka dzinokosha zvakagadzirwa. The shoma paavhareji arambe achirema Zvinofungidzirwa indekisi riri kudzika pane kukosha 500 makirogiramu / m ^3. Yakadaro pachake mashoko aishandiswa insulating fillers. A kunzwisisa kongiri kusiyana arambe achirema, mavanga uye mifananidzo, uyewo muenzaniso munda kushandiswa zvizere inogona zvinofungidzirwa nokuverenga mashoko pazasi.

Kunyanya rinorema kongiri, rakanga raitwa kurehwa apa, vangava zvinotevera pezvitsiga: M550, M600, M700, M800, M900, M1000. Heavy kongiri ane arambe achirema iri zvinobva 1800 kusvika 2500 makirogiramu / m ^3, mashoko akashandiswa kuti anotsigira Zvivako pezvingoro mhando. Brands kongiri zvakadai angava sezvinotevera: M350, M450, M500. Lightweight kongiri ane arambe achirema iri kuwanda 500 kusvika 1800 makirogiramu / m ^{3, chiratidzo} anogona pakutsvaga anotevera notation: M200, M250, M300. Kunyanya lightweight concretes vane arambe achirema makirogiramu 500 / m ^3, uye avo mavanga ndeinotevera: M15, M50, M75, M100, M 150 rinoshandiswa zvinhu mhando ichi kuumba kumbogadzirwa kuti mudziye rukoko uye wezvamatongerwe rusvingo.

mhedziso

Yanyatsosimba - mubatanidzwa simbi uye kongiri, ine nemamwe ehupfumi. Mukurumari, akavimbika uye mukurumari mashoko akamutendera kuti awane kupararira pakuvaka indasitiri. Kana mazano zvakagadzirwa pachishandiswa maitiro zhinji, somumwe wavo inomira kongiri arambe achirema t / m3 kana makirogiramu / m ³ - ichi panyama nokukura, iyo vakagamuchira kuyera parameter ichi. Somuenzaniso, kana uchiziva kuti arambe achirema, izvo zvakaenzana 2200 makirogiramu / m ^3, zvinokwanisika kushandurira kukosha ichi kunyange matani muzana cubic mita. Muchiitiko chino, ukoshi ichi chaiva 2.2.