Jesu Kristu akararama kupi uye mumutauro upi? Mharidzo muAramaic

Kutenda kunogara mumoyo wevanhu vose, kunyange kana yakadzika kwazvo ... Pasina iyo, munhu haagoni kunge aripo. Isu, vaKristu, tinotenda kuna Mwari neMwanakomana Wake Jesu Kristu. Bhaibheri rinotaura kuti Mwanakomana waMwari aiva munhu, aigara pakati pevanhu. Ndekupi nyika yekwake? Jesu Kristu akataura mutauro upi? Iwe uchawana mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi munyaya yacho.

Nyika Yakapikirwa, iyo Jesu Kristu akararama

Munhu wese anobatana neusingaoneki zvisungo panzvimbo yaakaona chiedza chenyika. Kune rimwe mutemo wakakwirira kuti uzvarwe mune izvozvo, uye kwete mune imwe nzvimbo. Saizvozvowo, chimiro chaJesu Kristu - Muponesi wevanhu vose - munyika yePalestine, mune vanhu vechiJudha yakaitika.

Iyi nyika Mwari Wamasimba Ose akavimbisa Abrahama nevana vake nokuda kwekutendeka kwake kwaAri. Mukuteerera kuna Mwari, Abhurahamu akabva kunyika yake yeBhabhironi yekare ndokugara pano, mune imwe nzvimbo isingazivikanwi kwaari. "Vana vaAbhurahama" vakave nenhoroondo yakaoma: vakaendeswa kuEgipita nenzara, Mosesi akavatungamirira kwemakore makumi mana murenje kuti adzoke, Joshua akadzorera nyika yakapikirwa kubva kumarudzi evaKanani. Mhuri dzechiJudha dzakagara pano.

Kwemakore chiuru vaJudha vaigara munharaunda iyi, vakaona kutapwa kweBhabhironi, kuparadzwa kweJerusarema, kurasikirwa kweAreka yesungano. Vakadzoka pano zvakare, vakadzorera temberi uye vakaramba vachinyengetera - vanhu vaduku mugungwa rechihedheni vavakidzani vaichengetedza kunamatira kweAyo Asingaoneki Mwari. Iyo yose yekare yeTestamente yekare yevanhu vechiJudha ndiyo kugadzirira kwekuwedzera kwekuitika mukati maro.

Kuberekwa kwaKristu - Bhabheri yePandemonium

Humi yezana remakore asati aberekwa kwaKristu, Palestine yakakundwa neRoma, uyo akashandisa kutonga kwenyika. Nyika yevaJudha yakanga isisiri imwe. Judha iri kumaodzanyemba yaive nenharaunda yakawanda kwazvo yevanhu, pakati nepakati-muSamariya - vagari vaisanganiswa nevagari vekumabvazuva uye vakava vahedheni, saka vaJudha havana kutaura navo. Kumusoro kwenyika yaiva Garireya, apo pedyo nevaJudha vaigara vamiririri vechiGiriki diaspora, vagari vePhenicia neSiriya, maArab. Kuregerera kwechitendero kwevaGarirea kune vavakidzani vavo kwairehwa nevagari veJudhiya, vaifunga kuti hama dzekuchamhembe dzive vanhu vekirasi yakaderera, asi dzakataurirana navo.

Herodhi Mukuru

Simba riri muJudhiya panguva iyoyo rakashandiswa naHerodhi Mukuru. Akanga ari muzinda mukuru uye akaipa. Kutya kupererwa nesimba, akauraya hama dzake dzose, mudzimai wake, vanakomana vake. Kurohwa kwevana 14 000 Bhetrehema vanawo basa rake. Uye Mhuri Dzvene, kuponesa Mwari waMwari, yakamanikidzwa kuvanda muEgypt.

Mushure mokunge Herodhe Madzimambo Makuru muJudhiya vakanga vasipo. Mwanakomana wake, munyengeri Herodhi Antipasi, anotaurwa muEvhangeri semhondi yaJohani Mubhapatidzi, akatonga Galileo chete uye akatumira kuna gavhuna weRoma, mutongi Pondiyo Pirato.

VaJudha vaingova vatungamiri veMweya chete: vanyori, vadzidzisi vemurairo waMwari, vaFarisi nevaSadhusi - mapato ezvitendero zvekunamata. Kutsvaka simba neupfumi, vaivenga kutonga kweRoma uye vakarota naMesiya Muponesi uyo aizovasunungura kubva kune vanhu vatisingazivi. Kristu kutambura, mudzikunuri wezvivi zvavo, ivo havana kutarisira.

Kubata pamuviri: mhandara kana kuti mhirizhonga?

Ndiani amai uye baba vaJesu Kristu? Hapana kushandiswa mukusingaperi kusatsvaga uchapupu hweHasina Chimiro Chokuita, zuva chaiyo rokuberekwa kwaKristu, zvimwe zviitiko zvinotsigira dzidziso dzechechi. Iyi inyaya yerutendo isingatsvaki uchapupu, asi inogamuchirwa nemoyo sezvokwadi, inofanirwa. "Tarira, Mhandara ari muchizvaro achagamuchira ..." Kushandura mazwi aya emuporofita Isaya kumuGiriki, akarurama Simeoni uyo anofadza Mwari aida kunyora: "mukadzi wechidiki". Tsika dzechechi dzinoti akagara makore 360 kuti aone Mhandara akaberekwa. Uye muchiGiriki shanduro yakasara: "Parthenos", kureva, Virgo!

Mwari Shoko rinobatanidzwa paNyika sezvazvinomutevera, chishamiso. Kwete zvinhu zvose zvinogona kugadzirisa pfungwa dzevanhu, nokuti hazvina kuenzana neMweya. Pano iwe unoda kuzvininipisa. Ani naani asingadi kuyananisa, ngaaidzokere shure kwevaJudha vakatengesa Kristu makuhwa pamusoro pe "mwana wemutemo wemukadzi akawanikwa". Nenzira, maererano nemurairo waMosesi, Josefa aifanira kutaka Maria kuti afe, kana mwana wacho asina kutenderwa. Mwanakomana wake chaiye aizoramba ari munhoroondo se "Jesu ndiye mwanakomana waJosefa," uye kwete "Jesu ndiye mwanakomana waMaria," sekuratidzwa nemabhuku maviri matsvene - Evhangeri uye Koran.

Mhuri yemhuri yaMaria

Vabereki vaMaria, maererano neEvhangeri yaRuka, vakagara muNazareta muGarirea uye vaiva vaJudha vakatendeka. Mumakore matatu musikana akapiwa temberi yeJerusarema, muprista mukuru akamugamuchira semumiriri wemhuri yaDavidha ndokumuunza kuNzvimbo Tsvene-nzvimbo iyo vaprista vapinda kamwe kamwe pagore. Mushure memubereki, Maria akapedza mwedzi mitatu muJerusarema nehama yake, mai vaJohani mubhabhatidzi. Erizabheti akaberekwa kubva kumhuri yaAroni, mupristi wekutanga wechiJudha. Saka, ramangwana Amai vaMwari vaiva zana zana muJudha uye vaiva muukama nemupristi mukuru Aroni naMambo David.

Murume, mutariri, anonyengera?

Mutemo waMosesi hauna kubvumira kusiya vasikana vakuru muTemberi. Vakadzoserwa kuvabereki vavo kana kuroorwa. Vabereki vakwegura vaMaria nenguva iyoyo vakafa, uye akaramba zvachose kuroora. Zvadaro musikana nherera ainge akatengeswa kune muchembera uye murombo muvezi Joseph makore makumi masere kubva kuguta rake reNazareta. Vakanga vari hama dziri kure. Nhoroondo yedzinza raJosefa weBhetirodhi yakakwira kuna Mambo Dhavhidhi. Nokuda kwekuverengwa kwakaitwa naMambo Tiberius, akauya kuguta raDhavhidhi - Bheterehemu, uko Kristu akaberekwa.

Upenyu hwaJosefa hwakatanga shure kweAn Annunciation, paakatanga kuona kuti Maria akanga ane pamuviri. Dutu remukati mazano rinoratidza nzira dzakasiyana kubva mumamiriro ezvinhu: kutema namabwe, kurega kuenda kune iwe pachako, kuziva mwana wemangwana se mwanakomana wako uye kufukidza kunyadziswa ...

Ichokwadi ichocho chinoramba chiri chokuti haana kuziva Kristu semwanakomana wake, akanga asiri baba vake munyama, asi haana kusiya Maria muchiitiko chekuzvarwa kwaJesu, kana panguva yekuenda kwake kuEgipita, kana munguva yehupenyu hwake kune imwe nyika, apo Amai vaMwari nemucheche vakanga vasina kudzivirirwa zvikuru.

Ndiani amai vangu? Uye hama dzangu ndiani? (Mateu 12:46)

Nhoroondo yehupenyu yaKristu inotsanangurwa muBhaibheri. Inoti mwana akaberekerwa mubako reBheterehema pazuva rechisere akadzingiswa maererano netsika yechiJudha, akagamuchira zita rokuti Jesu, iro rinoshandurwa se "muponesi." Akakurira nevabereki mukutenda kwechiJudha, uye hapana chikonzero chekuramba kuti ari wevanhu ava. Uye iye pachake, achitaurirana nemukadzi weSamaria, akati: "Tinoziva chatinonamata, nokuti ruponeso runobva kuvaJudha" (Johane 4:22).

Chii chizvarwa chaJesu Kristu? Akararama uye akagara pakati pevaJudha, uye uku ndiko kubwinya kwavo: vakakurira mumamiriro avo ezvinhu Uyo, akakodzera kuva mai vaMwari. Asi maererano nemitemo yezvinyorwa, mazita emunhu anochengetwa pamutsara webaba. Baba vanoendesa zvinhu zvemajeri nehaka. Amai vaKristu vaiva uye vakaramba vari Mhandara, akanga asina baba vepasi. Nokudaro, Haafaniri kupinda munharaunda yakamanikana yekusarudzwa kwechiJudha uye kuparadzana, inoputsa ukama hwehukama hweropa. Apo mai nevakoma vake vakamira pamusuwo kuti vamuise kumba, akavapindura kuti avo vanoita kuda kwaBaba Vekudenga ndivo avo vake. Nokudaro, umambo hwaJesu Kristu hahutsanangurwi. Kwete chiGiriki, kwete muJudha, hakuna mutorwa, kwete muSitiya maAri, Akabatanidzwa mukubatanidza marudzi ose muve itsva-yemunharaunda. "Chakazvarwa nenyama inyama, uye chakaberekwa neMweya mweya" (Johane 3: 6).

Mutauro unotaurwa naJesu Kristu

Jesu Kristu akataura mutauro upi? "Chokwadi, muchiHebheru," mhinduro yacho inokurudzira. Asi isu hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti kwakanga kusati kwava nehurumende imwe yevaJudha saizvozvi munguva yaJesu Kristu. Uye mutauro wechiHebheru pachawo wakave nekuchinja kukuru.

MuJudhea, mutauro wekare weTesitamende waitaura zvakanyanya: ChiHebheru: vakanyengetera pamusoro payo, vaitisa hurukuro dzechitendero, vakataurirana.

Saka Jesu Kristu akataura mutauro upi? MuGarirea, uko Mwanakomana waMwari akararama hupenyu hwake hwepasi pose, akataura mutauro weAramaic: rudzi rwechiHebheru chakakanganisika chakange chakakanganiswa zvikuru nemutauro wechiSemain wevaSweda vahedheni. Mutauro uyu wakanga wakazara uye wakapfuma kupfuura wakaoma wechiHeberu, sezvaiva upenyu muGarireya pachako.

Munharaunda dzose dzakakundwa naAlexander Mukuru, kusanganisira muPalestine, vanhu vaitaura chiGiriki "koine", iyo inobvumira vanhu vemarudzi akasiyana kuti vanzwisane.

Pakupedzisira, Judha akava chikamu chehurumende yeRoma, apo chiLatini chaiva mutauro wepamutemo.

Certificate yemanyoro eQumran

Makore anopfuura 60 apfuura Murenje, pedyo neGungwa Rakafa, mapako akawanikwa ane nhamba dzakawanda dzezvinyorwa zvechitendero. Parizvino, masayendisiti ave akaisa kuti mipumburu yaiva mabhuku rakabviswa muJerusarema panguva yehondo neRoma. Kudzidza kwezvinyorwa zvakabvumirwa kuumba: munguva yaJesu Kristu mumasinagogi maiva nemabasa echiHebheru. VaJudha vakatapwa (somuenzaniso, muEgypt) vakanyengetera muchiGiriki. Kududzirwa kweMagwaro uye kuparidza kwakaitwa mururimi rweAramaic, kunonzwisisika kune vanhuwo zvavo.

"Eloi, Eloi, mwenje wevaShafani?" (Mateo 27:46), (Marko 15:34)

Mutauro weAramaic waJesu Kristu hausi wega waaiva nawo. Sezvo mhuri yaJesu yakararama kwechinguva muEgypt, uko kwaive nekukurukurirana muchiGiriki, munhu haagoni kuhadzika kuti Akasununguka kuva naro. Vadzidzi vake - Petro, Andreya, Ruka, Firipi - vaine mazita echiGiriki, zvichida kuti kukurukurirana navo, pamwe chete nevatorwa, kwakaitwa muchiGiriki.

Jesu Kristu akataura mutauro upi? Pazera remakore gumi nemaviri Jesu akaita kuti vabereki vake vashungurudzike kokutanga: akanga arasikirwa mumugwagwa kubva kuJerusarema kuenda Nazareta. Maria naJosefa vakamuwana mutembere, achitaura nevaFarisi pamusoro pezvidzidzo zvezvidzidzo. Zvechokwadi, kukurukurirana kwaiva muchiHeberu - mutauro weminyengetero uye dzidziso yebhaibheri.

Kubvunzurudzwa kwaPondiyo Pirato pazuva rekupedzisira rehupenyu Hwake hwepasi pano hakuna vasina vashanduri (hapana chinyorwa chinotaura nezvavo). Zvakaoma kutenda kuti mutongi weRoma, kuitira kuti ataurirane nevaranda, vadzidze mutauro wake. Pamwe pose, Jesu weNazareta akamupindura muchiLatin.

Asi mutauro wake wekare wakanga uchiri Aramaic. Pairi, akataura mharidzo dzake muGarirea, achitaura nevadzidzi. Mashoko ekupedzisira aKristu akataurwawo muchiAramaic: "Mwari, Mwari, sei mandisiya?"

Iye zvino mutauro wechiAramaiki weJesu Kristu unonyangarika, unotaurwa nevanhu vashomanana mumisha yeSiriya.

Logos yaKristu

Makore maviri emakore apfuura, nyanzvi dzevadzidzi vebhaibheri, vachienzanisa maSvondo eEvhangeri, vakawana kuti vakange vane imwe nzvimbo yekutanga, iyo yavakasarudza seVhangeri Q. Ichi ndicho chinyorwa chemashoko eupenyu hwose aJesu Kristu, ayo akabatanidza Mharidzo yepaGomo, munyengetero "Baba Vedu," nyaya yaJohani Forerunner, mimwe mifananidzo. Zvose kuparidza kwaJesu Kristu kuvadzidzi uye vateereri chiratidzo chekutora nzira yeruponeso. Iyi nzira nguva dzose yakamanikana, izere nokutambura, kuzviramba. Asi iyi ndiyo nzira yekuwana umambo hwaMwari mukati medu. Nhamo kune uyo muupenyu hwake achasarudza nzira yakawanda yekuzvifananidzira, iyo inotungamirira kurufu.

Uyo anochengeta hupenyu hwake nokuda kwake, acharasikirwa naye. Ani nani anorasikirwa noupenyu hwake nekuda kwaKristu, uchamuponesa.

Izwi raKristu, raverengwa mumweya nechokwadi (nemwoyo wakachena uye pasina makaro epasi), zvinonzwisisika kuvanhu vemarudzi ose.