"Ivan Gren" - a Russian guru kumhara chikepe nechirongwa 11711

Zvakaitika achangopfuura makore zvakaratidza pachena kuti hurumende hazvo kunoda neboka rengarava simba, izvo zvinogona kuita mabasa akasiyana-siyana. Zvinosuruvarisa kuparara Soviet Union uye kwakatevedzana zviitiko zvakakomba vasanyanya yokuRussia Navy dzokuzvidzivirira. Zvisinei, munguva ichangopfuura hurumende akabhadharira yakawanda nezvayo dambudziko iri, nguva dzose mubasa midziyo itsva. Izvi zvinosanganisira tsime "Ivan Gren" guru kumhara chikepe.

To musi, kunozivikanwa ndivo "Zubr" zvirongwa uye "Moray", iro nhasi kuramba ichavakirwa dzimwe vatengi. Nhasi, ari mudzimba indasitiri ane zvimwe chinzvimbo chinangwa - kuti satiate ayo rengarava kumhara zvikepe, izvo nokure ukuru zvirongwa ataurwa pamusoro. Zvisinei, Navy of USSR pakanga chinhu. Chinangwa ndechokuti modernize uye vazviise zvinodiwa muhondo ano pagungwa.

The ezvinhu aripo

Nhasi, zvikepe rine midziyo chokuita zvirongwa 1171 uye 775. Vakanzi rakagadzirwa aine maonero ari zvichibvira kuchinjwa kuti rechiuto kuti Marines kuti ape rinorema warrior motokari, atirari nezvimwe zvombo Swatches. Nezvikepe mukirasi iyi yokutanga vakasikwa muna Leningrad, waiva mukuru wakachenjera I.I.Kuzmin. Vamwe vavo vakanga avaka Kaliningrad fekitari "Yantar", vamwe - vari vokuPoland shipyards. Izvi zvakaitika munguva kubva muna 1974 kusvika 1990. Zvadaro vaitungamirira kukura CDB vakagoverwa, asi zvikepe pachavo kubva kumbochinja zvachose.

General zvechadenga muzvirongwa

Project Ngarava 1171 vakanga dzinoratidzwa zvizere misha iri kuwanda 4000 m, achibatsirwa wavo chingaitwe kumhara vanhu 313, akashongedzwa. Zvakanga vaifungidzira kuti dare panguva imwe kunogona kutakura nomwe avhareji kana anopfuura makumi maviri chiedza matangi. Muna 1966-1975, Soviet Navy akagamuchira 14 midziyo yakadai, uye musoro raiva "Voronezh Komsomolets". Ngarava munguva ino upgraded kanosvika (mu nedanho kuvakwa uye magadzirirwo). Project 775 vaifungidzira rinenge chete unhu panyaya vanokwanisa uye zvinhu vanokwanisa, asi zvikepe izvi zvaiva nani zvikuru zvombo. Vanosvika 24 zvidimbu dzakavakwa.

To musi, pane mabasa zvikepe zviri Navy anenge 20 muna 1171 uye 775, yokupedzisira ari makuru. Sezvineiwo, kunyange kuparara Union of rengarava akakwanisa kuramba zvinenge vose. Chokwadi, mukomana haana akawedzera, kuti riwedzere zvishoma akapera, uye nokuti nyika anofanira kuvaka ngarava itsva mukirasi iyi. Zvinonzi ndiro "Ivan Gren" zvishoma nezvishoma kutsiva kwavo vamutangira.

Mamiriro ari NATO munyika

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mamiriro ezvinhu pamwe NATO Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika zvikepe siyanei. Vose US uye EU vanotsvaka kuva sevamwe fleets dzavo zvikuru chikabviswa-vapfumi zvikepe kuti anogona kuita kwete chete basa vachidonhedzera revarwi uye uto michina. Pasinei kudhura muzvirongwa izvi, ingangodaro. Anobudirira zvikuru vokuAmerica: kunyange kana tichivaka BDK wakakurumidza kumhanya, pamwero wavo muvhiki mbiri emakore haazorambi kuzadzisa.

Vane midziyo itsva uto zvinopinda rengarava rukova. Pfungwa, kwakadaro chido Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika zvikepe zvinonzwisisika, sezvo kuchinjwa yakawanda manpower riri isingadhuri zvikuru, kana kutakurwa gungwa. Tichifunga hasha vatorwa wokuti vokuAmerica, mune mamwe mazwi, uye vaisagona kuva.

epamba kumhara chikepe rokutanga remakore itsva

Ngarava itsva, iyo inofanira kutanga kudzorerwa Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika nezvaanogona yeRussian romugungwa, akapiwa zita "Ivan Gren". zita iri akasarudzwa kwete kure kure saizvozvo, nokuti chikepe anonzi ari kukudzwa matarenda musayendisiti uye artilleryman. Kusvikira 1941, Gren akatungamirira achishandisa Marine Research Institute. basa rake akatanga kunyange pamberi Revolution, muna Imperial Navy. Aiitawo kuedzwa uye yekuratidza nemiedzo zvinenge zvose hurongwa, dzakanga yakatanga panguva. With pakatanga Hondo Yenyika II akava musoro yose atirari ose kuBaltic Fleet. Akazviratidza ari strategist guru uye tenzi pakaunda-bhatiri moto.

Information pamusoro pokumuka "Gren"

Rokutanga "Ivan Gren" zvinofanirwa kuti vatungamirire chikepe chacho 11711. Kana magadzirirwo ayo, zvakanga akabata zvose zvakafanana, muna St.Petersburg. General Designer - A.Viglin, mukuru Mugadziri nezvikepe dzino yakatarwa V.N.Suvorov.

Kusiyana zvapfuura zvikepe chirongwa 1171 inocherechedzwa nyaya dzose zvinodiwa uye ruzivo chaiye Mumakore mashoma apfuura. Uye nekuti BDK "Ivan Gren" unogona zvakafanana zvakanaka kushandiswa kwete chete nokuda zvechiuto asiwo rugare kushandiswa. Saka, zvinoita chinorehwa kushandiswa mukirasi iyi ngarava kuti chokufambisa makuru zvemaBhaibheri zvinhu, kusanganisira kupinda rwizi fairways. BDK "Ivan Gren" anokwanisa kutakura zvose zvemazuva muchiuto kwemashoko Russian Federation, sezvo magadzirirwo ayo uye kuvaka vakatorwa kufungwa kwete chete zvinodiwa Marine Corps, asiwo kwakajairika pasi mauto.

Kuvandudza mamiriro ezvinhu muupenyu uye nebasa vashandi

Cherechedzai rwakabhadharwa asika zvikuru rokunyaradza ezvinhu muupenyu uye nebasa rakarira. Pane kunyange hombe gym kunzwisisa akagadzirirwa kuramba vafambisi navakuru zvakanaka chaiko chimiro. Uyezve, ngarava munyaya dzino ichapa yakananga inoenda kumhara. Yeuka kuti muna mureza BBC kweShanduro Soviet Union akapa uta ndokudzikunda iyo unokubvumira "kusunungura" kubva mudumbu chikepe kusvikira nhatu chiedza Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika Matangi panguva imwe chete vari mugungwa, hapana anopfuura matatu pfungwa, akapa mafaro.

For romumhenderekedzo yegungwa buditsa akashandisa chete murwere. Nemikwidza pamahombekombe panguva imwe chete ine yakakwirira chaizvo ukoshi. Kana kutyora Pakuchange Navy ngarava ekare vakanga "akadyara" magadzirirwo chete nokushambira. Asi ichi rinongoshandisirwa chiedza, Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika dzehondo. Kutonyanya rinorema michini panguva kuramba mungarava. Akashandiswa, mune ichi kana asiri kuonana nzira kutitungamirira chiedza pagadzirwe chikepe: michina iri rakagara richidudzirwa kushandiswa munyika mauto chete.

pontoons akawanda, izvo akaisa mberi pachinzvimbo ramps, kubvumira kuti nokukurumidza kuumba yakavimbika zambuko kuti achapfuura kunyange nekaupenyu rinorema nadzo. Nzira iyi zvakanaka zvagara mumauto dzokumwe, sezvo unokubvumira akudziridze kurwa nezvaanogona ari kumhara zvikepe.

kuchinja kunokosha uye kuwedzera kune mamiriro

Chimwe utsanzi chinokosha mukana kutakura constructional mwero kutumirwa midziyo (matani 20). Chii kunyange nani, nokuti ayo asiri kuonana nzira yokuwana chikepe anogona kununura zvinhu kunyange dzisina kukodzera zvakakwana ichi kumahombekombe. Yekushandisa senga midziyo kunyange hope. The zvachose kurema zvinhu - matani 1500. Kurerutsa kuti vachizvitakudza / vachidzikisa rikurumidze, ngarava akaisa kondo ine anosimudza vanokwanisa matani 16.

Nhasi, tiri kutaura nezvomukana pakusika munhu "wakakwana" chikepe Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika, chichakurukurwa mudura yomukati hanga chirongwa 11711E ngarava. Haikwanise chete kuenda chikepe, asi kuchiita yakazvimirira mabasa. chichaitwa Chokwadi vakadaro mukana kunyanya kukwezva vanunuri, mainjiniya uye Vanodzidza.

Kudiwa zvikepe

chirongwa "Ivan Gren" sei kurayira? Kudiwa nechekare vakadaro kuti mugadziri wacho akatakura akarayira kwemakore akawanda kuuya. Kana Tab chinoitwa chikepe chirongwa chokutanga, chiitiko ichi chakanga wakapindwa zvinenge zvose okutanga vanhu ehurumende, uyewo basa vose makambani kuti ichapa kugadzirwa.

Sezvo vachiti vari vaburitsi pachavo, dare racho 11711 "Ivan Gren" kana kuitika geopolitical mamiriro ezvinhu munyika kunokosha chaizvo. Sezvo kuti kuvaka ngarava akagamuchirwa rinozivikanwa kambani "Yantar", haugoni nechokwadi unhu basa.

tsamwisa zvinhu

All zvakanaka, kuti zvimwe chete venhau akanyora ... 2004! Mazuva mashoma apfuura ndakagamuchira here tarenda nhau: musoro kumhara chikepe chacho 11711 ava pakupedzisira hwakatanga kuongororwa muGungwa reBaltic! Zvakatora makore anopfuura 11 kubva Bookmarks kuti nezvekutanga. Ndinofara kuti vavaki vengarava mhiko haana kunonoka nguva iri monstrous pakuvaka Muchiitiko chechipiri (ndiro kare kuitwa). Pakupera kwegore rino, ngarava chivimbiso musoro pakupedzisira hwakatamisirwa Navy.

Nokuti pakuvaka vatungamirire chikepe akanga aronga kwemakore mana, imwe ngarava kuti hwakatamisirwa Navy kwemakore maviri. Zvinozivikanwa kuti pakutanga rengarava midziyo shanu akarayira panguva kamwe dzino, asi vatatu vavo kare akakwanisa kupa vechikepe. Zvisinei, pashure nyaya zvibereko zvakaipa "Mistral" Tinovimba kuti uwandu zvikepe izvi zvichiri ngazviwedzerwe, sezvo ivo vari zvinokosha kuitira voruzhinji zvido kunze kwenyika. Pakupedzisira, nhasi akagamuchira mashoko kuti mauto achiri kufarira kuvakwa yose akatevedzana (matare nomwe), asi chisarudzo chokupedzisira uchatorwa chete pashure kupfuura nemiedzo zvose flagship.

Kuti kuva kana kwete kuva?

Pakupedzisira, isu akaverevedza mashoko kuti kwegore kwakasarudzwa kutanga kuvaka hombe Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika zvikepe, saka kuti zvichida zvikepe vachiri chete nemidziyo miviri chete. Chero zvazvingava, racho guru kumhara zvikepe chizvarwa chitsva chiri vatovako, saka unogona kutarisira kuti ichi hachisi kungotaura maturo. Chero zvazvingava, "Gren" - inonakidza chirongwa, uye kudiwa zviri zvikuru chaizvo.

Nyanzvi vemauto mhinduro kuderedza "boka" Matare izvi kazhinji kunotungamirira kune wakafa pakuguma; vakanga dzaona kusanganisira mukana chokufambisa Marines kure negungwa nzizi, ndiko chinhu chaizvo chinokosha mu kuitisa kushandiswa vemo. Two ngarava nokuti izvi pachena kukwana!

Nokuda chii kuvhiringidzika deadlines?

Hazvina zvakafanira mhosva oga "Amber". Chekutanga, Vavaki vengarava vakatevera kushaya mari. Chechipiri, kokutanga musi ubate Specification kwave inopiwa mutengi muna 2003, asi kubvira ipapo, chimiro uye kugadzirwa kweareka kunoramba kuchinja, vakakoniwa asi kukanganisa kumhanya basa. Saka, muna 2005, zvakanga chaipiwa kuna yoku- Specification, unosanganisira kuchinja zvinenge zvose nzvimbo. Uye zvakaitika kupfuura kamwe.

Kupinzwa seinokonzera matambudziko

Dambudziko chikuru chacho - vakawanda kupinza zvinoriumba. Nemhaka yezvichangobva kuitika ivo vanotarisirwa nokukurumidza kusiya uye kutsiva mudzimba. Uye nekuti mainjiniya nhasi kuramba kunatsiridza murefu chirongwa. Pfungwa, zvose zvaida zvinoriumba zvakakumikidzwa ambotaurwa, saka kuti kunzwisisa chete kutarisirwa kubva mungarava rechipiri. Asi kunzwisisa mijenya.

The mudziyo kunofanira kutsiviwa vazhinji kupinza zvinoriumba vakanga pakutanga envisaged nokurondedzerwa. Saka, atova tiri yakawanda zvakaoma kusarudza kurapwa hurongwa uye desalination. Zvisinei, vaburitsi vanoti mudzimba makambani vane ruzivo mune kugadzirwa zvakadai zvinoriumba, zvokuti mubvunzo kamwe zvakare anoviga kuti bhajeti. Anotarisira uye anowedzera kuti ngarava yechipiri rinofanira kuvaka pamusoro nekusimba zano, pane kubva muvare. Nechekare zvaisanganisira zvikamu vanoverengeka dzimba.

Kazhinji, kuti "mudzi wezvakaipa zvose," chirongwa ichi ndechokuti pashure pokuwa Union pakarepo zvikazooneka kuti zvinenge zvose makambani kuti abudise zvinoumba kuti shipbuilding, vaiva kunze. Zvikurukuru pamusoro Ukrainian munharaunda.

The chikuru hwokugadzira zvechadenga chirongwa

• Zvinofungidzirwa tonnage - matani mashanu.
• Length - 120 metres.
• Kunonyanyisa upamhi - 16.5 mamita.
• Zvinofungidzirwa precipitate - 3.6 m.
• Type powerplant - Diesel.
• Maximum akurumidze - 18 nokusunungura mapfundo.
• The inofungidzirwa uwandu vashandi - vanenge zana vanhu.

Saka, anogona pamusoro maoko Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika chikepe "Ivan Gren"? Pano rake mazita yekuita (asi handizivi zvose):

• Two inokwana zviyero A-215 "Grad-M".
• Atirari. Imwe 76-mm otomatiki muchina AK-176M vaviri AK-630M (caliber 30 neMM, otomatiki).
• On muchikepe, mumwe aigona kuvakirwa antisubmarine neherikoputa Ka-29.
• Capacity kumhara zvikamu - 36 kana 13 APCs MBT (uremu matani 60). On bhodhi vanogona zvifambiswe kusvika 300 kurwa zvakazara uye nezvombo paratroopers.

Iye zvino, flagship chipatapata rinopfuura chokupedzisira rokuongorora, riri kwokupedzisira padanho kuvakwa. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, vakawanda zvombo mungarava haisati yakaiswa, saka kuti kwokupedzisira chimiro muchikepe chacho zvombo Nazvino mangwanani kuti mutongi. Tinovimba kuti pakazopera gore rino, tichiri kuona "Gren" zvizere kurwisana akagadzirira.