Ivan Gonta: Biography

Ivan Gonta - mumwe kunoshamisa kwokufananidzira kuUkraine nhoroondo. zita rake rakava chiratidzo kurwira rusununguko munyika. Mufananidzo gamba renyika inorondedzerwa zvizere nhetembo T. G. Dzhafarova "Haydamaky". Information pamusoro akakurumbira yemuna nyanduri vakatsvaka mu chevarwere Ngano uye ngano, iyo imwe nezviito chimiro raiva Ivan Gonta.

Biography

Information pamusoro kuberekwa Ivan zvikuru kuomera. Zvinozivikanwa kuti akazvarwa mumusha Rossoshka, iro pari riri Cherkassy mudunhu. Vabereki vake vaiva serfs. Musi chaiwo aberekwa achiri musingazivi, asi vatsvakurudzi vanosemburwa kubva 1740. Vachiri vaduku Ivan Gonta, kuburikidza yake kushingaira, raiva Cossack nevarwi Court magnate Potocki, uyo panguva iyoyo aiva tenzi nemhedziso Uman. Pasinei ake pasi mavambo, Ivan akanga vakadzidza zvakanaka. Murovedzi zvarinoroora mutauro wePolish, mukurumbira uye zvakanaka unyanzvi hwokuronga akava hwaro kufambira kukwidziridzwa. Muna 1757, mwanakomana mumwe murimi mudiki wacho akasarudzwa wezana Court mauto Potocki.

muvimbwi

Vakadzidza uye unyanzvi muduku Cossack vade magnate Potocki. Uye nokukurumidza mumusasa kutaura idzva muvimbwi pamusoro girafu, rwakazokura Ivan Gonta. Outbuildings Cossacks, zvichida pamusana kwakadaro mberi womunyika nemakirasi rezasi. Earl akauya ake anofungidzirwa kuzviisa pasi pakati vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata uye akaisa pasi nokurayira gavhuna Uman. Paaiita ushumiri hwake Ivan Gonta muna 1755 akagara nhaka yake chizvarwa musha uye pedyo musha Rossoshka Odarovku. Panguva iyoyo, hama dzake zvose vaigara Rossoshka: mai, mukadzi, vana. Mhuri ina vanasikana vakura uye mwanakomana. Nhaka nemisha akamupa mubereko zviuru 20 zlotys pagore -. A mari hwakasimba chaizvo mumazuva iwayo.

Gaunt uye nokutenda

Purofiti Large kubva vakavimbika basa Potocki vaisagona tirasikirwe weuto pachake zvitendero uye haana kuita kuti mudziyo mumaoko vamwe. Ivan Gonta haana kuudza chido Poles kumanikidza kutenda Catholic kuti yevagari Orthodox rweUkraine. On Mipiro ake akavaka zvikuru yeOrthodox nomutauro wake musha, uye mhuri akadana mukuru wezana churchwarden - kuti mari dzavo rakadzikwa uye dzakapendwa Rusimudzirwo Muchinjikwa guta chechi Volodarka. Yakanga iri kereke akachengetedzwa rusvingo mifananidzo, iyo unoratidza Ivan Gonta. Photo wezana, izvo zvinogona kuonekwa mabhuku ano, zvinoita rinobviswa yomufananidzo uyu.

Nokukurumidza I. gaunt pakuzivikanwa se munhu anodzivirira kutenda kwechokwadi. Akanga akaswedera nevamiririri yemachechi Orthodox kubva zvose pamusoro Ukraine. rutsigiro ichi pasi rose kwakaita kuti dzakakurumbira kwazvo unhu, iyo yaiva nezvainoita zvido uye maonero vamiririri Ukrainian makirasi.

Haydamaky

Pakazopera May 1768 kusvika Uman akanzwa runyerekupe pamusoro vakawanda kumukira Haidamaks, dzakanga inotungamirwa Bamba Zhelezniak. Vakatora mumwe guta pashure perimwe, zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika kuna Uman. Rafał Mladanovich gavhuna Uman, akamanikidzwa kutora matanho akasimba kuti kusimbisa guta. Akapfiga musuwo huru, varindi yakatowedzera nokungwarira achiongorora zvose vaya vaida kupinda muguta. Mumugwagwa makanga hondo dzakawanda Cossacks, iyo nzvimbo yechizvarirwo ose riri Uman. Kuderedza mikana yokusavimbika, Mladanovich Cossacks kumanikidzwa kupika muteveri Potocki.

Gaunt uye Zhelezniak

By hurongwa hwomubati chimbudzi mauto kundosangana vapanduki. Asi kushandisa mauto avo sezvo gavhuna wePolish wavarindi kwakakundikana. Pedyo nomusha Sokolovka akasangana Ivan Gonta Bamba Zheleznyak. Mushure hurukuro, vakuru Cossacks akadzinga navakuru vake uye akabatana nevapanduki. The yokupedzisira batanidzo wemauto vaviri 18 June 1768 kwakaitika pasi Uman masvingo. Vapanduki dzakasarudza taramba guta.

Uman nenhamo

Uman KUTORA rwakatora mazuva rimwe nehafu. Kwokudzivirira guta vakagadza pamusoro anopamba, izvo zvakaneta anazvo pfuti. Imwe-nguva volley kubva pfuti wakakombwa wakakomberedzwa utsi, pakusika chifukidzo batana. Kushandisa ichi, vapanduki vakabudirira yaaigara nhare masvingo uye akapinda muguta. Kwakatevedzana kuranyutsa akanga akaipisisa.

Haydamaky akauraya Poles, vaJudha, Ruthenians, anorura kana vakwegura, kana vakadzi. Maererano vasara zvakaona, ropa avo vakaurayiwa wakadururwa pamusoro pachikumbaridzo mudzimba dzavo uye temberi uye ikatanga mumigwagwa. Maererano nokufungidzira siyana, vakafa pazuva iroro kubvira maviri kusvika makumi maviri nezviviri vanhu.

Colonel gaunt

Apinza Uman vazhinji vaitya kutsiva uye pakarepo vakasiya panhengo vapanduki. Gonta Ivan uye Zhelezniak Bamba vakaita zvayo kanzuru. Mutongo ruzhinji basa murayiro uto mupanduki. Bamba Zhelezniak - Hetman hondo itsva, uye Ivan Gonta - Colonel. In nzvimbo pasi mupanduki simba, kupedza basa nemhiko, makasimbiswa Cossack zvirevo uye tsika. Vatungamiriri mupanduki sangano akatora matanho kuparadzira pfungwa dzavo yose Ukraine.

Kushambadzwa rufu

Rapanzvimbo yemuna akashatiriswa zvikuru nehurumende yeRussia Empire. Under mirairo Catherine II kunosangana vapanduki vakatamira mauto Colonel Guryev. Vtershis kuvimba vapanduki, iye akapoteredzwa hondo Cossack uye ayo vehondo akabatwa. Ivana Gontu akapiwa Poles, uye Bamba Zhelezniak akatongerwa rufu kubudikidza vhiri. Zvisinei, gare gare Empress kwakatsiva mutongo uye akamuendesa kuti kushumira pakupona.

Ivana Gontu akapiwa masimba chiPolish. Mushure padanda, urwo rwakatora mazuva gumi, gaunt akanga mhosva chaiyo chekutonga zvinosanganisira mupristi uye vatatu mamongi. Akatongerwa rufu, izvo Akaperekedzwa zvinotyisa kurwadziswa - quartering, peeling ganda, uye zvimwe zvinhu. Pazuva rechitatu, tichikoshesa ushingi Cossack korona hetman Ksaveriy Branitsky Gonta akarayira kuti akagura musoro wake kuziva ushingi uye kushinga mutongo. Akatongera akafa July 13, 1768. Zvakasaririra National gamba akanga akarovererwa pamatanda mumaguta 14 Ukraine.

nyika Ukrainian zvakare uye zvakare akasvibiswa neropa yakakurumbira kumukirana, asi kuyeuka Ivan Gonta uye Maksim Zheleznyaki achiri akaramba ari ngano uye ballads pakati Ukrainian vanhu.